Large and deep perialpine lakes: a paleolimnological perspective for the advance of ecosystem science

0

123

4

25

789























 !

"

_#$

!

_%&

'()

!

*+!

,-

./

01

23

45

!

6'789

(!

:;<=>:?=@

;AAB@

CDEFG

H

IGJH

G

0

2345
6789
45
4 5
 8

84
77 5
8447

 8 47 



4 

74
0 !"0#$ 770!"% "

123

4556

789

6

 

















 









 











 



 





!

" "#$%5&'(  )*+,$4%9'-&'# . #$"(%/&'# 607012"%3'4&')  451"$0%/&'# 5,,55$%6&  %5&$.4.0'$4067(1'89  '$   %9&2 $.') 0 4'05:;<';<'4=>  %-&) 4. ? 1  #  '0 = ')<9'4=>  %/& $.'* @ >'@ >'2   %3&$.0 4. )  '2'*  . ' . '4=>  %4&7"1150'$(1"6* 4 6#+ '5+ 'A  %6&4.  9"6  +.) '1  $ 7 %71$&'0.# A. '# B"'$   ! C!!

DEFGHIJFKFILHGKLMFGHNFOHIFLPKQIRHMRSQPKQMFMRQTREFUGKLMFGHMVOSHKFWXYFRQREFLI KLFVPQMRGQSHRLQMLMREFPQORVFMOFGZKQKYGHRFVHMVKIQVYSRL[FIFJLQMQTREFUGKO\REFZKGHZH SIYSLHGOQSLQ]FSQMQPLSIQGFHOIFOQYISFTQIVILMNLMJ^HRFI\LIILJHRLQM\LMVYORIZ\RQYILOP\ EZVIQFGFSRILSKIQVYSRLQM\HMV_LQVL[FIOLRZSQMOFI[HRLQMWDEFZHIFF`KQOFVRQPYGRLKGFEYPHM KIFOOYIFO\HMV\HOREFLISHRSEPFMROF`RFMVRQREFJGHSLHGUGKLMFIHMJF\REFZHIFKHIRLSYGHIGZ OFMOLRL[FRQJGQ_HG^HIPLMJFTTFSROWaLPMQGQJLSHGOYI[FZOQYRGLMFVSQEFIFMRIFOKQMOFO_ZGHIJF KFILHGKLMFGHNFORQREFPHOOL[FMYRILFMRFMILSEPFMRVYILMJREF1b23Oc1bd3O\^ELGFIFSFMR RIHeFSRQILFOHIFIHREFIEFRFIQJFMFQYOWfHORHMVQMJQLMJKHGFQGLPMQGQJLSHGORYVLFOSQMTLIPFVREF SQEFIFMSFQTREFGHNFOgF[QGYRLQMHRHOFSYGHIKFIOKFSRL[F\_YRQYRGLMFVLMVL[LVYHGRIFMVOIFOYGRLMJ TIQPGQSHGPHMHJFPFMRKQGLSLFO\GHNFPQIKEQGQJZ\HMVOYKFILPKQOFVFTTFSROQTSGLPHRFSEHMJFW UOYI[FZQTREFKHGFQGLPMQGQJLSHGGLRFIHRYIF\KY_GLOEFVTIQP1bd2RQUKILGh31dQMKFILHGKLMF GHNFOTIQPMQIREHMVOQYREQTREFUGKO\^HOKFITQIPFVRQIF[LF^SYIIFMRNMQ^GFVJFQTGHIJFHMV VFFKKFILHGKLMFGHNFOQ_RHLMFV_ZOFVLPFMRORYVLFO\HMVOYPPHILiFEQ^KHGFQGLPMQGQJLSHG ORYVLFOSHMFTTFSRL[FGZSQMRIL_YRFLMVFTLMLMJKHORFSQGQJLSHGORHRYOQTGHNFOTIQPOF[FIHGGLMFOQT F[LVFMSFWUTYIREFIQ_eFSRL[FQTREFIF[LF^^QIN^HORQKIFOFMREQ^KHGFQGLPMQGQJLSHGORYVLFO SHMHOOLORGLPMQGQJLSHGIFOFHISELMQYRGLMLMJGHNFOFMOLRL[LRZRQKIFOFMRHMVTYRYIFEYPHMLPKHSROW DELOLOKHIRLSYGHIGZLPKQIRHMR^EFMVFTLMLMJRIQKELSHMVFSQGQJLSHGIFTFIFMSFSQMVLRLQMO\_FSHYOF LMHKKIQKILHRFIFORQIHRLQMRHIJFROPLJERKIQ[FYMHSELF[H_GF^LRELMREFKIFOFMRSQMRF`RQTJGQ_HG SEHMJFW