GDP per capita (€) and annual growth (%)
in Kosovo and the EU-28
Public finances, monetary and financial data
Kosovo business environment and socio-economic indicators
The Ease of Doing Business’s ‘distance to frontier’ score assesses the overall level of regulatory performance of a country. It ranges from 0=’lowest performance’ to 100=’the frontier’, the best performance observed worldwide each year.
The Human Development Index (HDI) measures the average achievement in key dimensions of human development. It is based on life expectancy at birth, average duration of education and GDP per capita. It ranges from 0 to 100. ‘High human development countries’ (UN) are in the range between 70 and 80. This value is extracted by the “Kosovo Human Development Report” of UNPD (2016). The Corruption Perception Index measures the perceived levels of public–sector corruption worldwide. Scores range from 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean). In 2016, two thirds of countries scored below 50.
Public debt (% of GDP)
Surplus/deficit (% of GDP)
GDP per capita
(left axis)
EU-28
Kosovo
GDP growth
(right axis)
Kosovo
EU-28
Score
Rank
Kosovo total unemployment and
female labour market participation
85/176
* No rank
40/190
FDI and remittances to
Kosovo and the EU-28
€
thousand
27.6
2.1%
3.5%
3.2
5%
8%
11%
14%
17%
20%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
11.5%
32.9%
EU-28
Kosovo
Ease of Doing Business
Human Development Index**
Corruption Perception Index
Worst Best 100 100 100 0 0 0 74.2 73.5 39.0
Remittances received (% of GDP)
FDI net inflows (% of GDP)
EU-28
Kosovo
-3% 1% 5% 9%1.4
Inflation rate XK (%)
EU-28
(2017)7.7%
51.0%
Female labour force participation (right axis)
Total unemployment (left axis)
According to the European Central Bank, Kosovo adopted the euro unilaterally in 2002 and has since used it as its de facto currency.
Kosovo*: Economic indicators and trade with EU
EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service EUI | European University Institute
Authors: Giulio Sabbati and Velina Lilyanova, Members’ Research Service
Caterina Francesca Guidi, Globalstat, EUI
PE 620.196 - April 2018
AT A GLANCE
Infographic
EU exports of goods to Kosovo (2017)
EU imports of goods from Kosovo (2017)
EU trade with Kosovo
Main trade partners (2017)
Trade in goods (exports plus imports)
EU
US
Top EU partners (2017)
Trade in goods
EU exports to Kosovo
EU imports from Kosovo
Other
Iron and steel
Oil, gas, coal
Pharmaceutical
products
Tobacco
Plastic and rubber
Cars and trucks
Mechanical
appliances and
electrical
equipment
Agri-food
25.8% 17.4% 11.0% 8.3% 4.5% 3.2% 3.1% 3.0% 23.7%Other
Furniture
Articles of iron
or steel
Gemstones
Raw hides and leather
Ores, slag and ash
Plastic articles
Agri-food
16.9% 24.7% 15.7% 22.5% 3.4% 3.4% 6.7% 6.7%Goods (2007-2017)
907
89
Imports
Exports
€ million
Others
Other
APEC
Members
Montenegro: 0.
Japan: 3.5%
Turkey: 4.1%
Russia: 6.2%
Switzerland
China
US
16.9%
15.3%
7.0%
15.6%
31.4%
EU
Kosovo: 0.03%
Others
FYR
Macedonia
Albania
China
Turkey
Serbia
EU-28
5.9 %
41.1%
8.7
% 12.1 %
17.8 %
XK
6.2 %
8.2 %
210
143
108
72
67
65
61
54
45
44
EU imports from
Kosovo
EU export to Kosovo
0
100
€ million
200
EU Financial assistance to Kosovo under IPA II
(2014-2020 allocations)
Preferential loans to Kosovo
EIB finance contracts signed in 2013-2015;
EBRD activity in Kosovo to date.
135.0
126.2
110.4
100.0
94.2
79.7
Competitiveness and innovation Rule of law and fundamental rights Democracy and governance Energy
Education, employment and social policies
Agriculture and rural development
€645.5
million
IPA II: Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance
52
322
0
100
200
300
400
EIB
EBRD
EBRD
EIB
Credit lines TransportTransport: 81%
Credit lines: 19%
€ 52
million
€ million
NotesGlobalStat is a project developed by the European University Institute’s Global Governance Programme (Italy) and the Francisco Manuel dos Santos Foundation (Portugal). Data sources for page 1: GDP figures and inflation are from IMF WEO (October 2017) and Eurostat (2018); Labour market data are from World Bank WDI based on ILO KILM (2017); FDI and remittances data are estimates from World Bank staff based on IMF BoP data (2017); HDI and GINI are from UNDP HDR (2016) and are re-scaled (**) from 0 - 1 to 0 - 100 for better comparability - GINI is an average value computed on 2005-2013; CPI is from Transparency International (2017); Doing Business data are from the World Bank Group - Doing Business Unit (2017). According to the European Central Bank, Kosovo adopted the euro unilaterally in 2002 and has since used it as its de facto currency.
Data sources for page 2: EU trade with Kosovo, Main trade partners (EU), Top EU partners (goods), EU exports of goods to Kosovo (%) and EU imports of goods from Kosovo (%) are from ComExt, Eurostat; Other APEC members = Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam; Trade in services are from Eurostat; Main trade partners (Kosovo) are from IMF; EU Financial assistance to Kosovo under IPA II (2014-2020 allocations) are from European Commission; Preferential loans to Kosovo are from EIB (European Investment Bank) and from European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).
* This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UN Security Council Resolution 1244 and the ICJ opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence. The authors acknowledge the assistance of Nadejda Kresnichka-Nikolchova in preparing graphics, and Enrico Di Gaspero in collecting data for this publication. This document is prepared for, and addressed to, the Members and staff of the European Parliament as background material to assist them in their parliamentary work. The content of the document is the sole responsibility of its author(s) and any opinions expressed herein should not be taken to represent an official position of the Parliament. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorised, provided the source is acknowledged and the European Parliament is given prior notice and sent a copy. © European Union & GlobalStat, 2018.
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