Support CGPE: 15452
v. 39, e201902043
Special issue, 2019
ISSN 1809-3647
P
esq. flor
. bras., Colombo, v
ISSN 1983-2605 (online)
Pesq. flor. bras., Colombo, v. 39, e201902043, Special issue, 768 p., 2019 Editor-Chief
Patrícia Póvoa de Mattos
Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, Brazil
Co-editors
Alvaro Figueredo dos Santos
Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, Brazil
Annete Bonnet
Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, Brazil
Carolin Córdova Sáez
Universidad de Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
Cristiane Fioravante Reis
Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, Brazil
Daniel Burckhardt
Naturhistorisches Museum, Switzerland
Eugenio Alfredo Sanfuentes von Stowasser
Universidad de Concepción, Centro de Biotecnología, Concepción, Chile
Francides Gomes da Silva Júnior
Universidade de São Paulo, Campus Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Hugo Enrique Fassola
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Estación Experimental Agro-pecuaria Montecarlo (INTA-EEA Montecarlo), Misiones, Argentina
Guilherme Schnell e Schuhli
Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, Brazil
Jose Elidney Pinto Junior
Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, Brazil
Krisle da Silva
Embrapa Florestas,Colombo, PR, Brazil
Marcelo Francia Arco-Verde
Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, Brazil
Marilice Cordeiro Garrastazu
Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, Brazil
Peter Michael Spathelf
University for Sustainable Development Eberswalde (FH), Eberswalde, Germany
Valderês Aparecida de Sousa
Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, Brazil
Associate Editors
Afonso Figueiredo Filho
Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Departamento de Engenharia Flo-restal, Irati, PR, Brazil
Aloisio Xavier
Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
Eduardo Mansur
International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO), Yokohama, Japan
Gledson Vigiano Bianconi
Instituto Federal do Paraná, Campus Pinhais, Brazil
Heinrich Spiecker
University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
John Parrotta
US Forest Service, Research & Development, Virginia, United States
Ivan Tomaselli
STCP Engenharia de Projetos Ltda, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
Jorge Alberto Gazel Yared
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, Brazil
José Aníbal Palavecino
Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Eldorado, Misiones, Argentina
José Rente Nascimento
International Consultant, United States
Laercio Couto
Centro Brasileiro Para Conservação da Natureza e Desenvolvimento Susten-tável (CBCN), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
Leif Nutto
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Instituto Para Utilização da Madeira e das Ciências, Freiburg, Germany
Manoel Malheiros Tourinho
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos - ISARH, Belém, PA, Brazil
Marcus Vinicio Neves d'Oliveira
Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil
Pablo Christian Cruz Johnson
Centro de Investigación de Estudios de Recursos Naturales, Santiago, Chile
Ricardo Cesar Larrobla
Consultor independente, Maldonado, Uruguay
Sebastião do Amaral Machado
Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
Versides Sebastião de Moraes e Silva
Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Engenharia Florestal, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
Secretaria
Elisabete Marques Oaida
Embrapa Floresta, Colombo, Brazil
Editoração
Cristina Mosol
Curitiba, Brazil
Normalização Bibligráfica
Francisca Rasche
Embrapa Floresta, Colombo, Brazil
The abstracts in this Special Issue are the sole responsibility
of their authors. The statements and opinions they contain, as
well as mentions of any machinery, equipment, products, or
techniques, do not constitute endorsement by the Organizing
Committee or the institutions involved in the 25th IUFRO
World Congress. The editors and event organizers are not
responsible for spelling, grammar errors, content, in these
abstracts, or for any inaccuracies or ambiguity in the
identification or affiliation of their authors.
© Embrapa, 2019 Pesquisa florestal brasileira = Brazilian journal of forestry research. - v. 39, e 201902043, Special issue (2019) - Colombo : Embrapa Florestas, 2019.
Continuous publishing since
2018-Published online: <http://www.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/>. Special issue: Abstracts of the XXV IUFRO World Congress: Forest Research and Cooperation for Sustainable Development.
ISSN 1809-3647 (print) ISSN 1983-2605 (online)
1. Forest – Journal - Brazil. 2. Forestry research. 3. Sustainable development. I. Embrapa Florestas.
CDD 634.905 CSC Chair
Jerry Vanclay
Southern Cross University, Australia
CSC Members
Pil Sun Park
Division 1
Seoul National University, South Korea
Santiago González-Martínez
Division 2
French National Institute for Agricultural Research-INRA, France
Woodam Chung
Division 3
Oregon State University, USA
Donald Hodges
Division 4
University of Tennessee, USA
Pekka Saranpää
Division 5
Natural Resources Institute Finland / Luonnonvarakeskus-Luke, Finland
Cecil Konijnendijk
Division 6
University of British Columbia, Canada
Eckehard Brockerhoff
Division 7
Scion Crown Research Institute-CRI, New Zealand
Alexia Stokes
Division 8
French National Institute for Agricultural Research-INRA, France
Sandra Luque
Division 8
National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture-IRSTEA, France
Daniela Kleinschmit
Division 9
University of Freiburg, Germany
Björn Hånell
Vice-President Divisions
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
John Parrotta
Vice-President Task Forces, Special Programmes, Projects and IUFRO-LED Initiatives
US Forest Service, USA
Dolores Pavlovic
Student Representative
International Forestry Students Association
Joseph Cobbinah
Africa Representative University of Ghana, Africa
Manuel Guariguata
Latin America Representative
Center for International Forestry Research-CIFOR, Peru
Patrícia Povoa de Mattos
COC Representative Embrapa Florestas, Brazil
Forest Research and Cooperation
for Sustainable Development
XXV IUFRO World Congress, 29 sept - 5 October 2019,
Curitiba, PR, Brazil
It is with great satisfaction that Brazil is hosting the 25th edition of the IUFRO World Congress. This year’s
theme, "Forest Research and Cooperation for Sustainable Development," is very fitting now that the issues of
production, preservation, environmental services, and their influences on a global scale have moved beyond purely
technical debates in closed academic or business circles to become part of everyday life for urban as well as rural
dwellers. In this sense, holding an event like the IUFRO World Congress in a country like Brazil, which has its
forest DNA rooted in its large-scale diversity and the productive capacity of its planted forests, is very timely.
We are even prouder knowing that this is only the second time this event is taking place in the Southern
Hemisphere, and the first time in Latin America. Participants will have an opportunity to exchange knowledge
with researchers and professionals from over 120 countries on a wide range of forest-related topics. It will
also be a chance for us to show off our Country, which so many people have heard about. However, only
a few have had the chance to experience Brazil’s unique characteristics and striking regional diversity.
This Special Edition of the Brazilian Journal of Forestry Research is a collection of approximately 2.700
abstracts. Each is one piece of a puzzle of questions and challenges faced by scientists in different social
or regional conditions combined with a myriad of solutions. Coincident findings should support
policy-making. Conflicting results or approaches should arise curiosity and trigger the search for consensus. We
hope all together they pave the way to new products, new approaches, and new ways of looking at our future.
Colombo, August 2019
Sergio Gaiad
Deputy Head of Research and Development
Embrapa Florestas
Plenary ...14
P2a: Biodiversity, ecosystem services and biological invasions ... 14
P4a: Forests and forest products for a greener future ... 14
Subplenary.... ...15
A6a: Women and forests: promoting gender equality connecting research, public policies and forest management in the tropics ... 15
A9a: Political ecology and integrated landscape approaches: complementarity or unhappy marriage? ... 15
A9b: Solving wicked forest policy problems: lessons from practice ... 16
A9c: Sustainable development goals: their impacts on forests and people ... 17
B2a: Trees on the move: range shifts, potential for genetic adaptation and assisted migration ... 18
B4a: Climate smart forestry or how to integrate adaptation, mitigation and sustainable forest management ... 19
B8a: Forest adaptation and restoration under global change ... 20
C1a: Managing forest ecosystem resilience and biological and social diversity for future forest products ... 21
C3a: Moving towards sustainable forest operation for a greener future ... 22
D1a: Agroforestry for ecosystem services ... 23
D1b: Close-to-nature silviculture: for people, products and natural processes ... 24
D7a: Forest health challenges from globalisation and climate change ... 25
D8a: Forest biodiversity in the framework of global change and the role of landscape ... 26
E4a: Tropical wetlands, climate, and land-use change: challenges and opportunities ... 27
F8a:Wood and forest culture: addressing a sustainable future ... 28
Theme A: Forests for people ... 29
A1a: Agroforestry and production of nonwood forest products ... 29
A1b: Agroforestry in forest landscape restoration: towards a comprehensive approach ... 30
A1c: Assessing the cultural ecosystem services from forests: current challenges and future scopes ... 32
A1d: Fostering effective agroecological and agroforestry practices for sustainable transformation and food resilience ... 34
A1e: Rising issues in mountain forests and mountain forest management ... 36
A1f: Assessing the cultural ecosystem services from forests: current challenges and future scopes ... 38
A1g: Agroforestry and production of nonwood forest products ... 39
A1p: Ecosystem services and agroforestry systems in South America ... 40
A1q: Community involvement in agroforesry systems and ecosystem services ... 42
A1r: Agroforestry for environmental restoration and climate mitigation ... 44
A2a: Sustaining iconic and high-value species in natural forests and plantations ... 46
A2p: Sustaining iconic and high-value species in natural forests and plantations ... 49
A3a: Forest operations: a tool for forest management ... 52
A3b: The implementation of economics, forest policy, forest law and governance in Latin America forestry ... 54
A3p: The implementation of economics, forest policy, forest law and governance in Latin America forestry ... 56
A3q: The implementation of economics, forest policy, forest law and governance in Latin America forestry ... 58
A4a: Artificial Intelligence, machine learning and knowledge sharing: combining old and new skills to improve decision-making in forestry ... 60
A4b: Forests without borders: multi-national forest inventory cooperation and harmonisation to enhance sustainable development ... 61
A4c: Monitoring and Assessing Urban Forest Services and Values at the National to Local Scale... 64
A4p: Monitoring and Assessing Urban Forest Services and Values at the National to Local Scale ... 66
A4q: Monitoring and Assessing Urban Forest Services and Values at the National to Local Scale ... 68
A4r: Monitoring and Assessing Urban Forest Services and Values at the National to Local Scale ... 69
A5a: Governing innovation for sustainability in the forest sector - I ... 71
A5b: Governing innovation for sustainability in the forest sector - II ... 74
A5p: Governing innovation for sustainability in the forest sector - I ... 76
A6b: Balancing environmental, productive and social needs to meet sustainable goals in the forest industry: experiences of cross-sectorial cooperation in South America ... 78
A6c: Challenges to sustainable forest management to enhance traditional communities and smallholders’ livelihoods in the Amazon basin ... 79
A6d: Community and family forest management in Latin America: guaranteeing rights and citizenship with sustainability ... 82
A6e: Forests and Human Wellbeing: life satisfaction and behavioral approaches ... 83
A6f: Gender, forestry and rural communities: shaping power and agencies in an era of globalisation ... 85
A6g: Indigenous and traditional peoples and their forests: knowledge, management and governance towards sustainable development goals ... 87
A6h: Pathways towards sustainable resource use from African Sudanian and Zambezian woodlands: resolving conflicting points of view ... 90
A6l: Indigenous and traditional peoples and their forests: knowledge, management and governance towards sustainable
development goals - 2 ... 98
A6m: Women and Forests: promoting gender equality connecting research, public policies and forest management in the tropics ... 100
A6p: Women and Forests: promoting gender equality connecting research, public policies and forest management in the tropics ... 102
A6q: Social aspects of forestry ... 103
A6r: Social aspects of forestry ... 105
A6s: Social aspects of forests and forestry ... 107
A8a: Ecology, silviculture and management of tropical dry forests ... 109
A8b: Forecasting the effects of land-use on wildlife communities and conflict at human-wildlife interface ...112
A9d: Committed and held accountable? Exploring accountability relations of state, business and civil society organisations in multi-level forest governance ...114
A9e: Forestry in transition? Forest policies in changing societies. Part 1: Europe ...116
A9f: Governing farm-forest interfaces: lessons from practice and methodological advances to improve policy ...118
A9g: Innovative forest laws and environmental legislation for enhanced forest ecosystem services in local communities ... 120
A9h: Nature’s contribution to people in transitioning forest landscapes ... 122
A9i: Policy and practice for sustainable forest-based tourism and recreation ... 123
A9j: Politics of international forest regimes ... 126
A9k: Status and current developments in South-South cooperation in forestry ... 128
A9l: Sustainable development goals: their impacts on Forests and People ... 129
A9m: Political ecology and integrated landscape approaches: complementarity or unhappy marriage? ... 132
A9o: Forestry in transition? Forest policies in changing societies. Part 2: global examples ... 134
A9p: Policies for public forests ... 135
A9q: Forest policy and governance ... 137
A9r: Forest ownership and forest values ... 139
A9s: Social issues in forestry ... 141
A9t: Forest policy and economics - III ... 143
Theme B: Forests and climate change ... 145
B1a: Initiatives for restoration and monitoring of degraded areas in Latin America ... 145
B1b: Management options to increase the drought-tolerance of forests ... 148
B1c: Managing for adaptation: increasing resistance, resilience, and transformative capacity ... 151
B1d: Resilience of managed tropical forests: it is time for silviculture ... 153
B1e: Trees on the move: seed sourcing, germination, genetic adaptation and assisted migration in a changing climate ... 156
B1f: Silviculture and management of tropical natural forests in Amazon region: rescuing classic solutions to attend new demands - Climate change, biodiversity and bioeconomy ... 159
B1p: Monitoring and restoring degraded forests ... 161
B1q: Forests and climate change ... 163
B1r: Silviculture ... 166
B1s: Silviculture ... 168
B2b: Abiotic stressors and their interactive impacts on forests ... 170
B2c: Novel advances in genomics and tree breeding for sustainable forests ... 172
B2d: Wood and tree-ring studies of forest adaptation to climate change; implications for wood production... 175
B2f: Wood and tree-ring studies of forest adaptation to climate change; implications for wood production - 1 ... 177
B2p: Abiotic stressors and their interactive impacts on forests ... 179
B2q: Abiotic stressors and their interactive impacts on forests ... 181
B2r: Abiotic stressors and their interactive impacts on forests ... 183
B2s: Novel advances in genomics and tree breeding for sustainable forests ... 185
B2t: Novel advances in genomics and tree breeding for sustainable forests ... 187
B4b: Data fusion for improved forest inventories and planning ... 189
B4c: Estimation of status and change in forest carbon pools based on inventory data: going beyond tree carbon ... 191
B4d: Global monitoring network of tree mortality patterns and trends ... 193
B4e: Forest tree and stand growth processes under differing environments: concepts, methods and evidence ... 196
B4f: Legacies of disturbances on forest functions ... 198
B4g: Long-term forest monitoring networks for evaluating responses to environmental change - I ... 200
B4h: Novel remote sensing approaches to quantify carbon stocks, structure and functional diversity of forests - 1 ... 204
B4i: Long-term forest monitoring networks for evaluating responses to environmental change - II ... 206
B4j: Novel remote sensing approaches to quantify carbon stocks, structure and functional diversity of forests 2 ... 210
B4m: Forest tree and stand growth processes under differing environments: concepts, methods and evidence - 2 ... 217
B4p: Monitoring forest dynamics and biomass ... 218
B4q: Forest models ... 221
B4r: Assessing climate change impacts on forests ... 223
B4s: Climate smart forestry or how to integrate adaptation, mitigation and sustainable forest management ... 224
B4t: Estimation of status and change in forest carbon pools based on inventory data: going beyond tree carbon ... 226
B4u: Estimation of status and change in forest carbon pools based on inventory data: going beyond tree carbon ... 228
B4v: Legacies of disturbances on forest functions ... 230
B4w: Legacies of disturbances on forest functions ... 232
B4x: Novel remote sensing approaches to quantify carbon stocks, structure and functional diversity of forests - 1 ... 234
B5a: Climate change, environment and conservation: challenges from the analysis of tree rings ... 236
B5b: Innovative wood protection and durability strategies to mitigate climate change in the tropics and warm temperate climes ... 239
B5p: Climate change and forest products ... 240
B6a: Achieving REDD+: from local actions to national commitments... 243
B6p: Achieving REDD+: from local actions to national commitments ... 245
B6q: Achieving REDD+: from local actions to national commitments ... 247
B7a: Monitoring and modelling of forest health in a changing world ... 249
B7b: Physiological and biogeochemical response of forest ecosystems to climate change and air pollution ... 251
B7p: Physiological and biogeochemical response of forest ecosystems to climate change and air pollution ... 253
B7q: Physiological and biogeochemical response of forest ecosystems to climate change and air pollution ... 255
B8b: Cool forests and climate change: challenges of transition to sustainable forest management ... 257
B8c: Forests and climate change in Southwestern Amazon ... 259
B8d: Response of forest ecosystems to climate change: learning from experimental manipulations and natural gradients ... 262
B8e: Forest adaptation and restoration under global change: from global to regional perspective ... 265
B8p: Climate change and the forest environment ... 268
B8q: Climate change and the forest environment ... 270
B8r: Forests and climate change in Southwestern Amazon ... 272
B9a: The role of forest based industry in meeting NDCs worldwide under Paris agreement ... 273
Theme C: Forests and forest products for a greener future ...275
C1b: Advances in management and science for the high-value Meliaceae ... 275
C1c: Improving high-value Meliaceae yields in plantations ... 277
C1d: Mixed-species forests and plantations: knowledge gaps and research priorities ... 279
C1f: Silviculture and forest management of deciduous broadleaved forests ... 282
C1g: Silvopastoral systems: contributions to livestock and to the sustainable development objective ... 284
C1i: Traditional coppices: ecology, economy and ecosystem services ... 287
C1p: Production forestry - II ... 289
C1q: Production forestry - I ... 291
C1r: Production forestry - III ... 293
C1s: Broadleaved and mixed-species forests ... 295
C1t: Plantation forests ... 297
C1u: Mixed-species forests and plantations: knowledge gaps and research priorities ... 299
C1v: Mixed-species forests and plantations: knowledge gaps and research priorities ... 301
C1w: Silviculture for Eucalyptus plantations ... 303
C1x: Germination and propagation ... 305
C1y: Silviculture, nursery techniques and fertilizers ... 307
C1z: Silviculture and plant communities ... 309
C2a: Technical innovations in forest regeneration and restoration ... 312
C2b: Tolerance of Eucalyptus clones to abiotic and biotic stresses: building the foundation for the future plantations ... 313
C2c: Towards sustainable development of the global teak Sector in a changing world ... 316
C2d: Tree genomics and biotechnology ... 318
C2p: Eucalypt plantations ... 320
C2q: Physiology and genetics in plantation species ... 322
C2r: Physiology and genetics in plantation ... 324
C2s: Physiology and genetics ... 326
C2t: Physiology and genetics ... 328
C3b: Digital transformation in wood industry ... 330
C3c: Forest operations engineering and management innovations for the future ... 332
in precision forest operations ... 338
C3g: The forest and fire operations nexus: syntheses and perspectives on integrating fire risk management with forest engineering and management ... 340
C3h: The role of forest ergonomics in sustainable forest management in tropical regions ... 342
C3i: LPF/SFB - IAWA panel siscussion: new methods and applications of tropical timber identification to promote legal loggin ... 344
C3j: Methods and models for fire occurrence and detection ... 347
C3k: Forest operations engineering and management innovations for the future - 2 ... 349
C3p: Forest operations and the workforce ... 350
C3q: Moving towards sustainable forest operation for a greener future ... 352
C3r: LPF/SFB - IAWA panel discussion: new methods and applications of tropical timber identification to promote legal logging ... 354
C3s: Tools and techniques for better wildfire management and response ... 356
C3t: Forest operations engineering and management ... 358
C4a: Advancements in digital technologies for dendrometry and qualitative indicators of forests ... 360
C4b: Advances in remote sensing of vegetation: sensors, methodologies and applications ... 361
C4c: Benchmarking in forestry: challenges and solutions for establishing benchmarking systems ... 363
C4d: Crown structure and dynamics as cause and effect in modelling tree growth, form, and wood quality ... 365
C4e: Decision support approaches for forestry of the 21th Century ... 368
C4f: Forest assessment, modelling and management for nonwood forest products ... 370
C4g: Forest inventory and modeling: past successes, current challenges and future prospects ... 372
C4h: From long-term monitoring and time series to foresight analyses and projections ... 374
C4i: Innovative Applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in forest science and management... 376
C4j: Regional forest observations for sustainable forest management ... 378
C4k: Remote sensing and geographic information system for forest monitoring and management ... 380
C4l: Forest inventory and modeling: past successes, current challenges and future prospects - 2 ... 382
C4m: Decision support approaches for forestry of the 21th Century - 2 ... 384
C4n: Innovative applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in forest science and management - 2 ... 387
C4o: Regional forest observations for sustainable forest management - II ... 388
C4p: Forest assessment ... 390
C4q: Forest assessment ... 392
C4r: Multi-criteria decision analysis for multifunctional forests ... 394
C4s: Assessing and modelling non-timber forest products ... 396
C4t: Forest inventory and modeling: past successes, current challenges and future prospects ... 398
C4u: Forest inventory and modeling: past successes, current challenges and future prospects ... 400
C4v: Remote sensing and geographic information system for forest monitoring and management ... 402
C4w: Remote sensing and geographic information system for forest monitoring and management ... 404
C4x: Forest assessment, modelling and management ... 406
C4y: Forest assessment, modelling and management ... 408
C4z: Forest assessment, modelling and management ... 409
C5a: Characterizing properties of plantation wood for optimal value ...411
C5c: Innovative utilization of bamboo and rattan resources ... 414
C5f: Quality requirements of forest biomass for biorefinery ... 416
C5g: Quantifying and forecasting market specific forest products in the forestry wood chain ... 418
C5h: Research and industrial use of wood bio-based (formaldehyde free) adhesives: raw material and introduction to the wood-based industry ... 420
C5i: Sustainable use of non-timber products and conservation of Semi Arid and Savanna ... 421
C5j: The use of forest and mill residues for advanced bioenergy/biofuels production ... 423
C5p: Characterizing properties of plantation wood for optimal value ... 425
C5q: Characterizing properties of plantation wood for optimal value ... 426
C5r: Innovative utilization of bamboo and rattan resources ... 428
C5s: Forest products ... 430
C5t: Forest products ... 431
C5u: Forest products ... 433
C5v: Forest products ... 435
C5w: Forest products ... 437
C6a: The role of forests and trees in the nature-based solutions discourse ... 439
C7c: Sustainable biomass for a greener future ... 445
C7d: Will active restoration of Secondary and Degraded Forests (SDFs) help to address sustainably the gap between wood demand and supply? ... 447
C7p: Developing successful biological control programs in forest plantations ... 449
C7q: Developing successful biological control programs in forest plantations - 2 ... 451
C7r: Developing successful biological control programs in forest plantations - 3 ... 454
C7s: Will active restoration of Secondary and Degraded Forests (SDFs) help to address sustainably the gap between wood demand and supply? ... 456
C8a: Intensification within limits: increasing productivity without compromising ecosystem services ... 456
C8b: Sustainable management of forest soils for timber and bioenergy production ... 459
C8c: The bioeconomy and non-wood forest products ... 461
C8d: Intensification within limits: increasing productivity without compromising ecosystem services ... 463
C8e: The bioeconomy and non-wood forest products - 2 ... 465
C9a: Discovery, curation, and uses of legacy tropical forest data sets ... 466
C9b: Planted forests for a Greener Future and achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ... 468
C9c: Resource efficiency of wood-based products and manufacturing ... 471
C9d: Societal perceptions, new products, markets, and business models of the circular forest bioeconomy ... 473
C9e: Traditional, emerging and new forest products in a bioeconomy: advances and applications in modelling the market potentials and sectoral impacts ... 476
C9f: Forest certification as a tool to improve forest management worldwide ... 478
C9g: Forest certification as a tool to improve forest management worldwide ... 480
C9p: Forest policy and economics - I ... 482
C9q: Forest policy and economics - II ... 484
Theme D: Biodiversity, ecosystem services and biological invasions ...486
D1c: Disturbance, ecosystem memory, risk and forest management in a changing socio-ecological environment’ ... 486
D1d: Employing plantations to restore native forests using successional forest management systems ... 489
D1e: Forest landscape restoration for climate change mitigation and adaptation: integrating research into policy ... 491
D1f: Agroforestry for ecosystem services ... 493
D1g: Close-to-nature silviculture: for people, products and natural processes ... 495
D1p: Disturbance, ecosystem memory, risk and forest management in a changing socio-ecological environment’ ... 497
D1q: Agroforestry for ecosystem services ... 499
D1r: Agroforestry for ecosystem services ... 501
D2a: Applied genetics for forest management and conservation ... 503
D2b: Conservation, domestication and breeding of native species ... 507
D2c: Conservation, sustainable management and development of forest genetic resources across their ranges: regional research and collaboration ... 509
D2d: Genetics, management and conservation of Cerrado forest species: their challenges and achievements. ...511
D2f: Integrating tree resistance development with deeper understanding of local and long-distance movement of pest populations to improve management of invasive pests ... 515
D2p: Conservation, domestication and breeding of native species ... 516
D2q: Conservation, domestication and breeding of native species ... 518
D2r: Conservation, sustainable management and development of forest genetic resources across their ranges: regional research and collaboration ... 520
D4a: Cloud computing and remote sensing to understand 30-year dynamics of Brazilian forests ... 522
D4b: Technological innovations for native forest management in different Brazilian biomes ... 525
D4c: Valuation Issues for wood and nonwood forest products to balance biodiversity and ecosystem services in managed forests ... 528
D4p: Forest assessment and ecosystem services ... 531
D4q: Forest biomass estimation ... 533
D4r: Forest assessment: height, volume, biomass and carbon estimation ... 535
D4s: Forest assessment and plant communities ... 537
D5a: Improving forest management certification: integrating ecosystem services with forest assessments ... 538
D5c: Productive conservation: more sustainable systems ... 541
D6a: Ethics and values in relation to forest, recreation and wildlife management ... 542
D6b: Forest and ecosystem services in cities: achievements and expectations ... 544
D6c: Forest health defenders: empowering citizens to protect forests through research contributions ... 547
D6e: Forest and ecosystem services in cities: achievements and expectations ... 549
D6p: Forest and ecosystem services in cities: achievements and expectations ... 552
D7c: Biological invasions, biodiversity and ecosystem services - 1 ... 558
D7d: Complex interactions of mistletoe, ecosystems, and people. ... 560
D7e: Disease and environment interactions associated with forest decline ... 562
D7f: Forest microbiome and forest health ... 565
D7g: Forest pathogen migration in a globalized economy ... 567
D7h: Improving tree health in urban forests for human well-being ... 569
D7i: Patterns in forest insect herbivory ... 571
D7j: Phytophthoras as emergent forest threats in the human-wildland interface. ... 573
D7k: Pine pitch canker: strategies for management of Fusarium circinatum in greenhouses and forests (PINESTRENGTH)... 575
D7l: Vanguards for research of myrtle rust, Austropuccinia psidii ... 579
D7m: Forest health challenges from globalisation and climate change ... 581
D7n: Biological invasions, biodiversity, and ecosystem services - 2 ... 583
D7o: Patterns in forest insect herbivory - 2 ... 585
D7p: Forest health ... 589
D7q: Mistletoes and forest health ... 591
D7r: Forest and urban tree health ... 593
D7s: Fungal pathogens, conservation of fungi, and insect chemical control ... 595
D7t: Forest Health ... 597
D8c: The role of tree related microhabitats in forest ecosystems ... 599
D8d: Harmonized global and national assessments of forest spatial patterns and fragmentation ... 602
D8e: Improving conservation targets for forest biodiversity: towards operational solutions from remote sensing technology ... 604
D8f: Invasive species in forest ecosystems, causes, consequences, utilization and management options ... 606
D8g: Resilience of tropical forests to multiple drivers of change: contributing to a more sustainable future ... 608
D8h: Trees outside forests in landscape analysis: importance, definitions and assessment strategies ... 610
D8i: Tropical forest ecosystem restoration for water related ecosystem services ... 612
D8k: Forest management and biodiversity conservation ... 614
D8p: Forest environment ... 616
D8q: Forest environment ... 618
D8r: Forest biodiversity in the framework of global change and the role of landscape ... 620
D8s: Invasive species in forest ecosystems, causes, consequences, utilization and management options ... 622
D8t: Forest environment ... 624
D8u: Forest environment ... 626
D9a: Conservation economics: prospects and challenges ... 628
D9b: Integrated approaches to support effective implementation of forest landscape restoration ... 630
Theme E: Forests, soil and water interactions ...632
E1a: An integrated approach for African forest landscape management: Water, Energy and Food (WEF) nexus ... 632
E1b: Silvicultural challenges under abiotic and biotic stresses and adaptations to climatic abnormalities ... 634
E1p: Silviculture and health in plantation forests ... 636
E4b: Managing industrial plantation forests for multiple objectives ... 638
E4c: Tropical wetlands, climate, and land-use change: challenges and opportunities ... 640
E8a: Forest management practices and the responses of soil carbon, water, nutrients and their interactions ... 643
E8b: Hydrological and biological responses of aquatic ecosystems to contemporary forest practices around the world ... 645
E8c: Nexus: forest, water and climate ... 647
E8d: Plant: soil interactions in forests ... 650
E8f: Current understanding and future challenges for forest research after the two nuclear accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima - I ... 652
E8g: Plant: soil interactions in forests - II ... 654
E8h: Current understanding and future challenges for forest research after the two nuclear accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima - II ... 656
E8p: Forest management practices and the responses of soil carbon, water, nutrients and their interactions... 658
E8q: Effects of forest management practices on soil properties and ecosystem processes ... 660
E8r: Forest management practices, water supply, water quality and soil erosion ... 663
E8s: Nexus: forest, water and climate ... 664
E8t: Plant: soil interactions in forests ... 666
E8u: Plant: soil interactions in forests ... 668
E8v: Plant: soil interactions in forests ... 670
E8y: Forest policy and economics - IV... 676
E9a: Forests for water payments for ecosystem services: evidence & prospects ... 679
Theme F: Communicating, educating, networking & publishing ...681
F1a: Teaching and training in silviculture, silvics and silvology ... 681
F6a: Art, science and education: a collaborative intersection as value-added in forest conservation efforts ... 683
F6b: Effective educational strategies for the next generation of forest professionals ... 685
F6c: How to teach forest sciences in the future: challenges and opportunities of changing ecological, socio-economic, and technological circumstances. ... 687
F6p: Communicating, educating, networking & publishing ... 689
F6q: Forestry education ... 691
F8b: Wood and forest culture: addressing a sustainable future ... 693
F9b: Delivering and communicating forest science for people and a greener future ... 694
F9c: Forest science editing in the context of open science: what changes are ahead for us? ... 697
F9p: Delivering and communicating forest science for people and a greener future ... 699
Innovation and excellence in emerging research: IUFRO student awards ...701
S1a Innovation and excellence in emerging research: IUFRO student awards ... 701
S4a: Student incubator - 1 ... 705
S4b: Student incubator - 2 ... 708
PLENARY
P2a: BIODIVERSITY, ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
Voice of the mother trees Suzanne Simard1
1University of British Columbia (suzanne.simard@ubc.ca)
In three decades of studying interspecific relationships in the forests of Canada, we have discovered that trees not only compete with each other, but also connect, communicate and cooperate through belowground mycorrhizal fungal networks. The largest trees are hubs of the networks, where they link with other trees and plants. The big trees convey resources such as carbon, nitrogen and water, and these are transmitted down source-sink gradients to smaller trees, resulting in a redistribution of matter and information throughout the forest. The big hub trees also facilitate the regeneration of new seedlings, particularly their own offspring, enhancing their survival and growth, and we have therefore taken to calling the hubs, “mother trees”. When the mother trees become sick or damaged, they transmit even more resources to the surrounding individuals, as well as defense information that enhances the recipient’s resistance to the disturbance. Deciphering such communications will take considerable more research, but it is clear that mother trees have a voice and what they have to say is crucial to forest resilience. In working with the Aboriginal people of British Columbia, we have learned that these discoveries resonate with traditional ecological knowledge. Based on this knowledge, and in collaboration with indigenous people, academics, government and the forest industry, we launched “The Mother Tree Project” in the Douglas-fir forests of British Columbia in 2015. This rigorous experiment, where we are testing how best to retain mother trees during harvesting so the forest remains resilient as climate changes, is designed as a hub for a century of collaborative research. It includes nine replicated forests that cover the climatic envelope of interior Douglas-fir, across which we are comparing five patterns of mother tree retention, from clearcutting to partial retention to no-harvest controls. The mother tree retention treatments have been planted with a wide range of species as well as local and migrated genotypes of Douglas fir, creating diverse mixes of regenerating trees that should enhance resource uptake and decrease risk of catastrophic mortality. We are measuring how these practices are affecting key ecological structures and functions, including species diversity, carbon storage, and forest regeneration. This presentation tells the story of the origins of The Mother Tree Project, provides early results, lays out a vision for globalization of the project, and gives information on how to get involved.
P4a: FORESTS AND FOREST PRODUCTS FOR A GREENER FUTURE
Forests and forest products for a greener future Vincent Gitz1
1GCIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry, Bogor, Indonesia (v.gitz@cgiar.org)
The strong scientific consensus on the need for more forests and trees, mainly for environmental reasons, especially to mitigate climate change, is broadly recognized by policy makers. It has led to numerous political commitments. As part of the Green Economy discourse there is also a growing political support for bio-energy and for substituting non-renewable, energy intensive, materials by wood products (and other comparable products like bamboo and rattan) that are both renewable and stock carbon. However, results on the ground are more mixed. One of the reasons being that economic development is a main driver of deforestation, and that the amounts of public money to be committed for forest conservation and forest restoration do not compare to short time economic benefits of alternative activities. One illustration of this is the recent debate on the potential for tree planting (Lewis et al. and rebuttals) between a biophysical approach and those recalling economic realities. This leads to the following questions, that the presentation will aim to articulate and address: How can more wood products be the way to more -rather than less- trees and forests? And which wood products and from which forests, given the social, environmental and economic performance of the associated production and transformation systems? Which “wood value webs” to prioritize and to optimize, given multiple objectives, differing characteristics of diverse silviculture/ plantation/ forest management types and their related objectives, as well as other development constraints, such as land-use, the time to grow wood and to develop the industrial infrastructure? And how will it work, especially considering that forest economies are very different in developed and developing countries? What would be the economic, trade and markets, financial, institutional, regulatory and legal conditions for it to happen?
Forests and forest products for a greener future Francisco Razzolini1
1Klabin SA, São Paulo, Brazil (fcrazzolini@klabin.com.br)
There is a rising concern and global awareness related to climate changes, global warming, water and food scarcity, excess emissions and pollution all over – air, land and water. There is increasing scientific evidence that a significant proportion of the fossil resources need to stay underground if the world has to reach its climate goals. Bio-based products are of a huge importance for climate change mitigation, GHG emissions and sequestration. While the energy sector can be extensively decarbonized, the chemical sector and plastic industry depend heavily on carbon, and with this, there´s a great opportunity for renewable carbon to reduce the GHG impact. Currently, the only important source for renewable carbon is biomass. Klabin, Brazil´s largest packaging paper and paper packaging producer, has been focusing the development challenges for new bio-based, renewable, circular and compostable products. A corporate research, development and innovation (R&D+I) structure, including a brand new Technology Center, was established. Five technology routs being explored – forest, pulp, paper, environmental and new technologies based on planted forests. New applications and products from forest based materials, through technology, will enable Klabin enhance its products as well as explore new business opportunities. This is one of the most important steps in the company’s history aiming to improve sustainability. There is still a lot to do to scale up the basic research into industrial scale and many questions to answer. The presentation will address some opportunities and developments for multiple uses of the forest and trees into sustainable products.
SUBPLENARY
A6a: WOMEN AND FORESTS: PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY CONNECTING RESEARCH,
PUBLIC POLICIES AND FOREST MANAGEMENT IN THE TROPICS
The feminine space in forest management in the Amazon, Amapá case study Ana Margarida Castro Euler1
1Embrapa Amapá, Macapá, Brasil (ana.euler@embrapa.br)
Amapá is a sui generis state located in Eastern Brazilian Amazon, with low historical deforestation rate and where 73% of its territory is under protected areas. It is the only one women wages are, on average, higher than men in the public sector. Also it is the only Brazilian Amazon state that has an Institute of Forests (IEF) with a function of forestry extension, protected areas management, forest concessions and environmental services. From 2011 to 2014, for the first time a female forest engineer headed the IEF. During this period, the state government had less than 20% of executive positions held by women. Challenges at the IEF ranged from the scarcity of budget resources to high demand in a region where forests occupy 80% of the territory. Remarkable outcomes were achieved such as the State Register of Public Forests, the 1st State Forest Program, and the 1st Forest Concession bidding notice. The launch of the Pro-extrativism programme, which assisted more than 1,500 families of agroextractivists, quilombolas, indigenous and riverine communities; and the weekly radio program “Vozes da Floresta”, a forum for the dissemination of information on market, forestry policies and projects. A major difficulty came up in the relationship with timber companies, run by men with patriarchal culture and retrograde practices. Confronting conflicts related to corruption associated with the public land tenure, and a tense relationship with the Legislative Assembly, whose the majority of representatives, advocate interests unrelated to the traditional communities and the protection of the environment.
Gender equality in forestry education in a Kenyan University Jane Kiragu1
1University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya (wambuikirash@gmail.com)
Women play a major role in the establishment and management of forests in the world and especially in the developing world, and Kenya in particular. Women are found in large numbers working in the tree nurseries and during tree planting in the field, but their numbers reduce drastically in the management positions. About 90% of the rural households use fuelwood for their cooking, heating and lighting. Fuelwood collection is done mainly by women and girls in the forest at a fee, while boys are left to play or look after cattle in the field. A lot of time is spent which can be reduced if both men and women can be encouraged to plant trees in their farms. In Kenya, this has not been easy due to land tenure, tree tenure, government policies, land sizes, the long term state of the crop and culture problems. To promote forests, more women should be in policy making positions both in the forestry sector and in politics where most decisions are made. Women should be encouraged to vie for those positions whenever advertised and given a level ground with their male counterparts. The government has put the 2/3 gender rule in the constitution, but its implementation is yet to be realized. More research should be done on why fewer women are found in forest related sectors and how this can be changed.
Women in forest governance policy: analysis and empirical studies from Latin America and Asia Purabi Bose1
1Landing Together, Mumbai, India (purabibose@gmail.com)
A search for the words women and gender in the Draft National Forest Policy, 2018 – which governs the formulation of all laws and schemes related to forestry – returns zero results. While terms like wood, economic or timber appear all over the 10-page draft policy released by the Indian government in March. Likewise, the policies on forest in Latin America’s Colombia shows the challenge of integrating women’s active role in collective forest governance, particularly in agro-forestry. This paper makes a comparative analysis between Latin America and Asia in understanding the role of women in forest policy. The two countries Mexico and Colombia from Latin America while India and Indonesia from Asia will be used as empirical case study. The study uses primary and secondary data to show how recent forest policies impact women from rural and indigenous areas. The findings indicate that forest policy rarely uses the words ‘women’ or ‘gender’ to ensure women’s active role in forest governance. The first challenge is to overcome the challenge is for the environment ministry to acknowledge that the draft policy fails to discuss gender integration and women’s issues in the management of forests, trees, agroforestry and afforestation. The next step will have to be to open up the dialogue for social and gender inclusion, and to ensure that environmental defenders, including women, are protected through India’s forest policy. With these measures in place, this paper indicates a chance of saving India’s forests and the communities who depend on them.
A9a: POLITICAL ECOLOGY AND INTEGRATED LANDSCAPE APPROACHES:
COMPLEMENTARITY OR UNHAPPY MARRIAGE?
Context, power and equity in territorial planning multi-stakeholder commissions: a comparative analysis of two very different Brazilian States
Jazmin Gonzales Tovar1,2, Grenville Barnes1, Anne Larson2
1University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; 2Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia (jazmin.gonzalest@gmail.com; gbarnes@ufl.edu;
a.larson@cgiar.org)
“Ecological-Economic Zoning” (ZEE) was regulated in Brazil as a territory planning tool aimed to organize the sustainable use of land and natural resources, through multi-stakeholder forums (MSFs) and other participation mechanisms. MSFs have gained global popularity as an innovative institutional reform in the governance of land use and forests. In territorial planning, the idea is to bring together diverse actors to advance “good governance” and “sustainable development” (e.g. Nolte et al. 2017). However, both territorial planning and MSFs constitute a double-edged sword: advancing certain goals, strengthening certain land use rights and benefiting certain actors can come at the expense of others. They can either challenge power asymmetries or merely reproduce them (e.g. Kohlepp 2002). Based on 10 months of research, we comparatively analyze the multi-stakeholder commissions created for the ZEE of Acre and Mato
Grosso, two Amazonian Brazilian States with very different characteristics and history. We delve into the influence of the national and regional context, and how power is exerted, distributed and shared between actors. We capture perceptions and collect empirical evidence from q-methodology and differentiated questionnaires. We reveal that land use planning MSFs have better chances to promote equitable power relations when they emerge from – and are nourished by – an historical context that embraces local movements, culture, identity and differences, rather than from technocratic top-down processes. Our ultimate goal is to offer a critical analysis and shed light on how to improve the equity of MSFs in decision-making around land use, forests and local people’s wellbeing.
Linking landscape governance and system change in Global commodity markets Pablo Pacheco1
1WWF, Washington, DC, USA (pablo.pacheco@wwf.org)
There is growing consensus on the potential of integrated landscape governance approaches to achieve landscape sustainability. These views emphasize socio-environmental dynamics, yet fail to acknowledge wider sustainability challenges in the global supply chains shaping landscapes’ performance. Major sustainability challenges in landscapes in transition, are the pressures originated on Global sourcing of food, energy and materials, linked to disparate financial and corporate interests. Efforts to support sustainable landscapes through both corporate commitments to zero deforestation and governments’ regulatory frameworks aimed at sustainable land use, face several barriers. Main are: 1) legacy issues associated with specific pathways of landscape development, where greater progress is likely to be achieved where stronger local economies have developed but there is likely little forest left; 2) leakage, since deforestation tends to move to poorly governed landscapes where greater short-term interests for capturing economic rents persist; and 3) legitimacy, since solutions often tend to reinforce asymmetric power relations in the landscapes, while excluding low performing farmers. More structural solutions to deforestation and forest degradation are needed by linking wider system change interventions of corporate actors in the supply chains, and state policies across landscapes undergoing different stages of social and economic development and resource use. This paper, by looking at the specific cases of Brazil and Indonesia, argues in favor of wider corporate engagement in ‘nature-based solutions’ across landscapes (moving beyond zero deforestation only) and ‘hybrid governance mechanisms’ for dealing with legacy and leakage across landscapes, and power disparities and competing values in each specific landscape.
A9b: SOLVING WICKED FOREST POLICY PROBLEMS: LESSONS FROM PRACTICE
Integrating diverse knowledge systems to address complex forest policy challenges: insights from large-scale genomics research Shannon Hagerman1, Robert Kozak1, Guillaume Peterson2, Richard Hamelin1, Sally Aitken1
1University of British Columbia, Faculty of Forestry, Vancouver, Canada; 2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (shannon.hagerman@ubc.ca;
rob.kozak@ubc.ca; guillaume.peterson@ubc.ca; richard.hamelin@ubc.ca; sally.aitken@ubc.ca)
The integration of diverse forms of knowledge is widely acknowledged as essential for addressing complex environmental forest policy challenges. While forest research spans multiple disciplines, the integration of knowledge in an interdisciplinary manner is often lacking. Recognizing that meaningful integration continues to be elusive, some funding agencies have tried to address this by explicitly incorporating a requirement for integrating natural and social science insights. One such program, the GE3LS program within Genome Canada, was developed to encourage integration across disciplines and, specifically, to consider the ethical, environmental, economic, legal and social issues involved in genomics research. Here, we draw from our collective experience across two large-scale interdisciplinary forest research projects (AdapTree and CoAdapTree) addressing genetic and reforestation choices for new climates, to evaluate opportunities and challenges of integration in applied research practice. We explore three examples of integration and ask: what is integrated, who integrates, at what stage of the research process, and what does/should integration achieve? Our inquiry is based on the premise that a common barrier to productive integration is an often-unquestioned assumption that the meaning and purpose of “integration” is known and shared across research teams and affected stakeholders. We identify success factors and persistent dilemmas by distinguishing between issues of “knowledge architecture” (e.g. relating to epistemological differences, including between western scientific and indigenous knowledge systems) on the one hand, and “project architecture” (e.g. relating to communication, trust, institutional incentives) on the other.
The Brazilian show-case for prevention and control of deforestation in the Amazon: PPCDAM’s roots andresults Mayte Benicio Rizek1, Anne Larson2, Juan Pablo Sarmiento2
1Universidae Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; 2Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Lima, Peru (mayte.cifor@gmail.com;
a.larson@cgiar.org; j.sarmiento@cgiar.org)
During the first Worker’s Party mandate (2003-2006), tackling deforestation took a central place in the presidential agenda and Brazil came up with the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Deforestation in the Legal Amazon (PPCDAM). Through an interministerial working group of 13 federal agencies led by the Chief of Staff Office, each institution proposed strategic actions leading to a more than 50% decrease in deforestation rates from 2004 to 2008. This research analyzes the PPCDAM political roots and approaches considering the perceptions across three conveners and eighteen mid-level bureaucrats who worked or still works on PPCDAM agenda representing environmental interests, such as protection-and-conservation goals, as well as the production interests, including traditional uses, mining and rural development interests. It all supplemented by seven non-participant relevant stakeholders interviews and research on official documents and third-party evaluations. Part of CIFOR’s mixed-method global research into multi-stakeholder forums, the results show that when the federal government gave political weight and budget prioritization, PPCDAM changed Brazil’s approach to deforestation. It happened by organizing multi-institutional command-and-control actions supported by remote sensing techniques, promoting access to public services as compensation for the economic impacts after command-and-control actions, and by raising awareness that land-use planning can optimize resources, including the creation of protected areas in deforestation hot-spots. However, local governments were not enough engaged, although many actions focused on their territorial performance. Thus, PPCDAM was unable to change the local economic matrix, and illegal deforesters shifted their patterns to subvert control by remote sensing.
Explaining variation in deforestation in Uganda: the role of forest sector decentralization, protected areas, and institutions Michaela Foster1
1Yale University, New Haven, USA (michaela.foster@yale.edu)
Decentralization has been pushed as an effective strategy for forest governance. Policy makers across the globe have implemented decentralization reforms with the aims of improving environmental conditions and rural livelihoods. Many studies have assessed the impacts of decentralization across countries
and in case studies, presenting mixed evidence of the effectiveness of reforms. Fewer studies, however, have examined how decentralization influences the effectiveness of other existing conservation interventions, such as protected areas. In this study, I use a mixed methods approach to assess the impact of forest sector decentralization on forest cover change within protected areas in Uganda since 2000 and to investigate how forest management institutions emerging from the reform have operated to influence subnational forest outcomes. The decentralization process in Uganda devolved forest management under the jurisdiction of three managing authorities: Uganda Wildlife Authority, National Forest Authority, and District Forest Services, allowing for comparisons of deforestation outcomes on plots under the management of each authority over time. This study traces how the unique institutional arrangements of each managing authority, including agency mandates, capacities, and management rules, changed following the reform, and have, in turn, shaped forest management and led to heterogeneous effects across protected areas. Findings from this study point to the institutional conditions that appear to be conducive to effective governance and conservation and can be used to draw lessons about the opportunities and constraints emerging from decentralization in the governance of protected areas.
Governing wicked problems across boundaries: the case of wildfire governance in the Western US Benjamin Gray1, Daniel Williams2,3, Carina Wyborn1, Laurie Yung1
1University of Montana, Missoula, USA; 2USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, USA; 3Luc Hoffmann Institute Gland
Switzerland (benjamin.gray@umontana.edu; drwilliams@fs.fed.us; cwyborn@wwfint.org; laurie.yung@umontana.edu)
Mitigating wildfire risk is a particularly wicked socio-ecological problem. Climate change, on-going development in the wildland-urban interface, and other factors have made wildfires in the Western US increasingly problematic. Due to the patchwork of private land ownership and local, state, and federal government jurisdictions in the West, no single authority can direct or mandate wildfire risk mitigation efforts at the landscape scale. Effective mitigation of wildfire risk, therefore, requires cross-institution coordination and collective action in the form of wildfire governance. Governance refers to the ways that heterogeneous networks of individuals and institutions, both public and private, manage their shared interests through formal and informal norms and rules. This project uses interviews with fire and forest management professionals to examine the institutional tools, work arrangements, and cultures that enable or constrain the shared governance of fire risk across ownership and jurisdictional boundaries in two large landscapes in the western US. We find that, compared to the persistent ross jurisdictional challenges of fire suppression among a small number of formal organizations, fire risk mitigation remains an especially wicked problem due to different concepts of forest health and management, the desires of private citizens, the cost of certain mitigation interventions, and the unique missions of the many government agencies involved in managing forests and wildfires. However, actors in each of the examined landscapes are building their capacity to mitigate wildfire risk through partnerships that span agencies and ownerships and that serve the needs of their unique stakeholders.
A9c: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: THEIR IMPACTS ON FORESTS AND PEOPLE
Sustainable development goals: their impacts on forests and people
Pia Katila1, Carol J. Pierce Colfer2,3, Wil de Jong4, Glenn Galloway5, Pablo Pacheco2,6, Georg Winkel7
1Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland; 2CIFOR, Bogor, Indonesia; 3Cornell University, Ithaca, USA; 4Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; 5University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; 6WWF, Washington, USA; 7European Forest Institute, Bonn, Germany (pia.katila@luke.fi; c.colfer@cgiar.com;
dejongwil@gmail.com; ggalloway@latam.ufl.edu; p.pacheco@cgiar.org; georg.winkel@efi.int)
The presentation is an introduction to the session. It introduces the new IUFRO WFSE book Sustainable development goals: Their impacts on forests and people and the process for developing this book. The potential contributions of forests to achieving the SDGs were explored before the SDGs were formally adopted and have since been further discussed. Little attention, however, has been focused on possible and likely impacts that efforts undertaken to advance towards the 17 SDGs will have on forests and forest-related livelihoods/human wellbeing, and how these impacts, in turn, will contribute or undermine the contributions of forests to climate change (mitigation and adaptation) and development. The book provides a systematic, transdisciplinary, scientific assessment of potential and anticipated impacts of efforts to achieve the SDGs on forests and related socio-economic systems and forest-related development. It discusses the contextual conditions that influence how SDGs are implemented and prioritized, and how these conditions and the SDG implementation influence impacts on forests and related socio-economic systems. Furthermore it considers the important interconnections and interlinkages among the SDGs and potential or anticipated trade-offs and synergies among the SDGs from the perspective of forests and related socio-economic systems, and sheds light on how the implementation of the SDGs may transform existing forest-related development scenarios, and affect the roles of forests in sustainable development in the future.
Multi pathway impacts of the SDGs on forests and people
Wilhelmus de Jong1, Pia Katila2, Carol J. Pierce Colfer3, Glenn Galloway4, Georg Winkel5, Pablo Pacheco6
1Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; 2Natural Resource Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland; 3CIFOR, Ithaca, USA; 4University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; 5European Forestry Institute, Bonn, Germany; 6WWF, Washington, USA (dejongwil@gmail.com; pia.katila@luke.fi; c.colfer@cgiar.org; ggalloway@latam.
ufl.edu; georg.winkel@efi.int; pablo.pacheco@wwf.org)
Forestry experts have pointed out the potential contribution of forests to achieving the SDGs. A fundamental question that needs addressing is how Agenda 2030 will likely affect forests and forests’ capacities to contribute the multiple goods and services demanded by people whose livelihoods and well-being depend on forests and by society at large. We present the Synthesis and Findings chapter of the IUFRO-WFSE volume Sustainable development goals: Their impacts on forests and people. Many SDGs relate to their own policy domain and can be expected to have impacts on forests and people similar to the sectors that they relate to. The impacts of SDGs implementation are influenced at international, national, sub-national to a forest landscape scale, and multiple sets of factors influence SDG priority setting and implementation at every scale. The impact pathways of SDGs on forests and people are complex because of these factors shaping implementation, but also because of complex interactions when multiple SDGs are implemented simultaneously. It is possible to identify opportunities for synergies to achieve more desired outcomes, or to recognize and address unavoidable trade-offs. The recognition of positive and negative impacts of SDG implementation, but also of synergies and trade-offs allow for alternative implementation choices. The important contribution of the volume is to identify contextual factors and conditions that influence effective SDG implementation, recognize opportunities for synergies and trade-offs and identify alternative courses of action for enhanced SDG implementation outcomes and more positive impacts for forests and people.
