Understanding EU Member States cooperation within the asylum regime during the migration and refugee crisis from an IR perspective

(1)

PROMOTING VALUES, STABILITY AND ECONOMIC PROSPERITY

OF THE EU IN THE CHANGING WORLD (IN THE GLOBAL CONTEXT)

EU FACING CURRENT CHALLENGES,

OPPORTUNITIES, CRISIS & CONFLICTS

EU F

ACING CURRENT CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, CRISIS & C

ONFLIC

TS

ISBN 978-83-8017-307-1

E d i t e d b y :

Artur Adamczyk, Małgorzata Dziembała,

Agnieszka Kłos, Marta Pachocka

“This book is valuable result of the JM Centre of Excellence Project (CEWSE)

and much-needed addition to the field of European Integration. The Authors

explore the key issues concerning the current challenges of EU in a well-written

and comprehensive manner. Their expertise and diverse point of views on the

main elements of EU integration were invaluable to create this considerable

volume.”

Prof. dr hab. Bogusław Góralczyk

“The reviewed work is the result of research conducted by a team

of authors from many domestic and foreign academic centres. (...) the study as

a whole has values that justify the desirability of its publication. First of all, it is

a current source of economic knowledge about the real and potential benefits

of the common market, about the opportunities for dynamising the economy

of the EU and its Member States that are brought by innovativeness and

innova-tions.”

Prof. dr hab. Bogumiła Mucha-Leszko

With the support of the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union

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EU FACING CURRENT CHALLENGES,

OPPORTUNITIES, CRISIS & CONFLICTS

PROMOTING VALUES, STABILITY AND ECONOMIC PROSPERITY OF THE EU IN THE CHANGING WORLD (IN THE GLOBAL CONTEXT)

(3)

Warsaw 2019

EU

FACING

CURRENT

CHALLENGES

,

OPPORTUNITIES

,

CRISIS

&

CONFLICTS

E d i t e d b y :

Artur Adamczyk, Małgorzata Dziembała,

Agnieszka Kłos, Marta Pachocka

PROMOTING VALUES, STABILITY AND ECONOMIC PROSPERITY

OF THE EU IN THE CHANGING WORLD (IN THE GLOBAL CONTEXT)

(4)

Typesetting and printing by: Dom Wydawniczy ELIPSA

ul. Infl ancka 15/198, 00-189 Warszawa tel. 22 635 03 01

e-mail: elipsa@elipsa.pl, www.elipsa.pl

The book is published with the support of The Erasmus+

Programme of the European Union within the scope of Centre of Excellence at Warsaw School of Economics (CEWSE) Project on “European Union’s Security

and Stability in a new Economic, Social and Geopolitical Settlement” (Project Number 574518-EPP-1-2016-1-PL-EPPJMO-CoE). The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents which refl ects the viewers only

of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

R e v i e w e r s

Prof. Bogdan Góralczyk, Centre for Europe of the University of Warsaw Prof. Bogumiła Mucha-Leszko, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University

E d i t o r i a l c o o p e r a t i o n a n d p r o o f r e a d i n g Magdalena Daniel

Blake Wind

C o v e r d e s i g n Agnieszka Miłaszewicz

and Dom Wydawniczy ELIPSA Warsaw 2019

(5)

From the Editors . . . 7

Aleksandra Borowicz

Foreign Direct Investment as One of the Factors in Globalisation:

Why Does the European Union Need to Pursue an Active Investment Policy? . . . 11

Kateřina Kočí, Alexandra Madarászová, Miloslav Machoň

Examining the EU Actorness: Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities . . . 26

Monika Mynarzová, Hana Štverková

Economy Based on Knowledge and Innovation – the Case of European

Single Market . . . 36

Mirela Mărcuţ

Building a Stronger Union – Governing the Digital Single Market . . . 50

Małgorzata Dziembała

Innovation in EU Regions and Supporting it under EU Cohesion Policy . . . 62

Ioan Horga

Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) in Central and Eastern European Countries

as a Tool to Build a Stronger a Single Market by Boosting Jobs and Growth.

Case Studies: Eurometropolis Lille and DEBORA Eurometropolis Project . . . . 84

Tadeusz Sporek

The Innovation Policy of Germany at the Turn of the 20

th

_{and 21}

st

_{Century . . . . 99}

Anna Masłoń-Oracz, Olga Pankiv

The Role of Accelerators in the Development of Start-Ups . . . 110

Rafał Riedel

The Negative Image of Migration as an Element of Migrants’ Identity . . . 124

Diego Caballero Vélez, Marta Pachocka

Understanding EU Member States Cooperation within the Asylum Regime

(6)

Paweł Soroka

Shaping of the Energy Mix by the Member States within the Framework

of the European Union’s Energy and Climate Policy. . . 155

Anna Wójtowicz

The New Energy and Climate Framework for 2030

and the Financial Instruments of the EU – Challenges for Poland . . . 167

Maciej Zalewski

Ecohydrology – Regulation of Hydrological and Geochemical Cycles

towards Enhancement of Sustainability Potential in the Face

(7)

Diego Caballero Vélez

*

Marta Pachocka

**

Understanding

EU Member States Cooperation

within the Asylum Regime During

the Migration and Refugee Crisis

from an IR Perspective

Abstract

The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, we analyse the failure of the Prisoner’s Dilemma and Suasion Game in explaining refugee protection burden-sharing cooperation through a literature review of both game-theory models. Second, the paper also supports an alternative to these theoretical models: the Issue Linkage. This paper is set out in three main parts: fi rst, we provide the background to the 2015 Emergency Relocation Scheme as part of the EU’s immediate response to the migration and refugee crisis; second, we review the existing Prisoner’s Dilemma and Suasion Game literature on international cooperation in general, and on refugee protection in particular, followed by an Issue Linkage literature review to get some insight into overcoming collective action failure in EU asylum cooperation; third, we apply these theoretical models to explain EU refugee protection burden-sharing through an analysis of Germany’s and Poland’s approaches to the implementation of the 2015 Emergency Relocation Scheme.

Key words: European Union, EU Member States, Germany, Poland, asylum policy, Prisoner’s

Dilemma, Suasion Game, Issue Linkage, relocation

*_{Ph.D. candidate in Political Sciences, European Politics and International Relations,}

Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies of Pisa, e-mail: d.caballerovelez@gmail.com

**_{Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Studies, Collegium of Socio-Economics,}

Understanding EU Member States cooperation within the asylum regime during the migration and refugee crisis from an IR perspective

PROMOTING VALUES, STABILITY AND ECONOMIC PROSPERITY

OF THE EU IN THE CHANGING WORLD (IN THE GLOBAL CONTEXT)

EU FACING CURRENT CHALLENGES,

OPPORTUNITIES, CRISIS & CONFLICTS

EU F

ACING CURRENT CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, CRISIS & C

ONFLIC

TS

ISBN 978-83-8017-307-1

E d i t e d b y :

Artur Adamczyk, Małgorzata Dziembała,

Agnieszka Kłos, Marta Pachocka

“This book is valuable result of the JM Centre of Excellence Project (CEWSE)

and much-needed addition to the field of European Integration. The Authors

explore the key issues concerning the current challenges of EU in a well-written

and comprehensive manner. Their expertise and diverse point of views on the

main elements of EU integration were invaluable to create this considerable

volume.”

Prof. dr hab. Bogusław Góralczyk

“The reviewed work is the result of research conducted by a team

of authors from many domestic and foreign academic centres. (...) the study as

a whole has values that justify the desirability of its publication. First of all, it is

a current source of economic knowledge about the real and potential benefits

of the common market, about the opportunities for dynamising the economy

of the EU and its Member States that are brought by innovativeness and

innova-tions.”

Prof. dr hab. Bogumiła Mucha-Leszko

EU FACING CURRENT CHALLENGES,

OPPORTUNITIES, CRISIS & CONFLICTS

Warsaw 2019

EU

FACING

CURRENT

CHALLENGES

,

OPPORTUNITIES

,

CRISIS

&

CONFLICTS

E d i t e d b y :

Artur Adamczyk, Małgorzata Dziembała,

Agnieszka Kłos, Marta Pachocka

PROMOTING VALUES, STABILITY AND ECONOMIC PROSPERITY

OF THE EU IN THE CHANGING WORLD (IN THE GLOBAL CONTEXT)

Contents

From the Editors . . . 7

Aleksandra Borowicz

Foreign Direct Investment as One of the Factors in Globalisation:

Why Does the European Union Need to Pursue an Active Investment Policy? . . . 11

Kateřina Kočí, Alexandra Madarászová, Miloslav Machoň

Examining the EU Actorness: Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities . . . 26

Monika Mynarzová, Hana Štverková

Economy Based on Knowledge and Innovation – the Case of European

Single Market . . . 36

Mirela Mărcuţ

Building a Stronger Union – Governing the Digital Single Market . . . 50

Małgorzata Dziembała

Innovation in EU Regions and Supporting it under EU Cohesion Policy . . . 62

Ioan Horga

Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) in Central and Eastern European Countries

as a Tool to Build a Stronger a Single Market by Boosting Jobs and Growth.

Case Studies: Eurometropolis Lille and DEBORA Eurometropolis Project . . . . 84

Tadeusz Sporek

The Innovation Policy of Germany at the Turn of the 20

and 21

Century . . . . 99

Anna Masłoń-Oracz, Olga Pankiv

The Role of Accelerators in the Development of Start-Ups . . . 110

Rafał Riedel

The Negative Image of Migration as an Element of Migrants’ Identity . . . 124

Diego Caballero Vélez, Marta Pachocka

Understanding EU Member States Cooperation within the Asylum Regime

Paweł Soroka

Shaping of the Energy Mix by the Member States within the Framework

of the European Union’s Energy and Climate Policy. . . 155

Anna Wójtowicz

The New Energy and Climate Framework for 2030

and the Financial Instruments of the EU – Challenges for Poland . . . 167

_{and 21}

_{Century . . . . 99}