21 July 2021
AperTO - Archivio Istituzionale Open Access dell'Università di Torino
Original Citation:
Response of three clones of Nebbiolo (V. vinifera L.) to four environments of North-West Italy.
Terms of use:
Open Access
(Article begins on next page)
Anyone can freely access the full text of works made available as "Open Access". Works made available under a
Creative Commons license can be used according to the terms and conditions of said license. Use of all other works
requires consent of the right holder (author or publisher) if not exempted from copyright protection by the applicable law.
Availability:
This is the author's manuscript
‘Nebbiolo‛ is a red grapevine cultivar grown in a cool climate area of North-West Italy for the production of high quality wines, such as the world known VQPRD Barolo. Langhe, Roero and Lessona are some of the most typical areas for ‘Nebbiolo‛ production in Piedmont Region, as well as Donnas in Aosta Valley Region, although the environments of the different sites vary very much, ranging from sandy to loamy soils, from flat country to very steep slopes, from vertical trellis to pergola, etc.. In addition, ‘Nebbiolo‛ shows a wide range of within-variety variability and its clones (19 are registered in the National Catalogue) show a wide range of morphological and attitudinal features. As a consequence, choosing the right clones when planting a vineyard of ‘Nebbiolo‛ becomes a hard task.
RESPONSE OF THREE CLONES OF NEBBIOLO (
V. VINIFERA
L.) TO FOUR ENVIRONMENTS OF NORTH-WEST ITALY
Franco Mannini 1 (e-mail: f.mannini@ivv.cnr.it), Nicola Argamante 1 , Alessandra Ferrandino 2 , Silvia Guidoni 2 1 Istituto Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Unità Viticoltura di Grugliasco (TO), Italy
2 Dipartimento Colture Arboree, Università di Torino, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
RESULTS -The clones performed very differently in terms of enological quality depending on the sites. In
the limiting environmental conditions of Donnas the best results were given by vigorous and yielding 142, which performed quite well also on the sandy soil of Lessona. In Monforte and Lessona the best wines were obtained from the low vigor-moderate yield clone 423 as well as 308. This last clone however performed quite differently (more vigor and yield) than expected according to the given official description. The environment played a determinant role on wine color intensity: all the wines from Monforte were much appreciated for this aspect whereas the wines of Vezza were penalized because of the weaker color. These results in the wines were already predictable at the grape level looking at the berry skin total anthocyanins. The intensity and complexity of wine bouquet were exalted by the sites of Lessona and Donnas. In addition specific environment-genotype interactions were pointed out such as the very good bouquet in the wine 423 of Monforte as well as the unfavorable orange tint of wine 423 of Donnas.
CONCLUSIONS - The results indicate the environments had stronger influence on wine quality than the
clones, however specific environment-genotype interactions were clearly pointed out. In order to favour the choice of the suitable clones in a specific site, attention should be focused more to understand such interactions than on the given aptitudes of the clones in the National Catalogue, which derived from the very limited experiences originally done by the selector.
Clones chosen for the trial and official description of their agronomic and enological aptitudes
CVT 308: moderate vigor, moderate yield, good quality CVT 423: low vigor, low yied, high quality
CVT 142: high vigor, high yield, good quality Year of survey: 2004
Monforte vineyard (Langhe, Piedmont) Lessona Vineyard (Piedmont)
planting: 1999 planting: 2000
exposition: East exposition: East-West
site: hilly area site: flat country
soil: loamy, pH 8.1 soil: sandy, pH 4.8
trellis system: vertical, Guyot pruning trellis system: vertical, Guyot pruning
vine density: 4600/hectare vine density: 5000/hectare
Donnas vineyard (Aosta Valley) Vezza d‛Alba (Roero, Piedmont)
planting year: 1995 planting year: 2000
exposition: South exposition: South-West
site: steep mountain area site: hilly area
soil: rocky, pH 6.2 soil: sandy-loamy, pH 8.2
trellis system: pergola, double Guyot pruning trellis system: vertical, Guyot pruning
vine density: 2500/hectare vine density: 5400/hectare
Experimental design: three replicates of 5 vines each
DATA: pruning weight (P wt.), yield, n.° of clusters, cluster weight (c wt.), % soluble solids (SS),
titrat. acidity (TA), pH, total berry skin anthocyanins (TBSA) and phenols (TBSP), wine composition, wine sensory evaluation
0.81 0.92 0.76 1.15 0.81 0.88 0.75 0.83 0.83 0.85 0.79 0.96 Color hue 5.79 6.26 6.50 5.67 4.66 5.78 5.12 5.78 4.82 5.49 5.60 6.49 C. intensity 100 126 137 159 90 143 112 135 97 131 113 146 T. Anth.(mg/L) 907 1218 1343 1263 783 1094 1218 1005 836 1023 1200 1280 T. Flavonoids (g/L) 1.27 1.71 1.88 1.77 1.10 1.53 1.71 1.41 1.17 1.43 1.68 1.79 Tot. phenols (g/L) 1.96 2.70 2.18 3.20 1.58 2.42 2.24 2.15 2.13 2.25 2.28 2.78 Ash (g/L) 772 1101 854 1450 592 1038 889 890 640 945 904 1129 K + (mg/L) 1.37 1.53 1.26 2.03 1.80 2.08 1.25 2.09 1.36 1.63 1.24 1.95 Lactic ac. (g/L) 1.44 0.99 1.08 0.89 1.73 1.20 1.12 1.37 1.52 1.26 1.12 1.07 Tartaric ac. (g/L) 3.33 3.65 3.46 4.01 3.29 3.58 3.44 3.45 3.45 3.32 3.46 3.66 pH 6.82 6.00 6.75 4.54 6.49 6.15 6.94 6.45 6.15 6.49 6.79 5.85 TA (g/L) 24.2 25.3 27.4 28.4 20.9 25.0 31.0 24.8 22.4 24.2 23.3 28.9 Extract (g/L) 13.9 14.4 14.8 13.9 13.1 14.0 14.3 12.1 13.4 13.8 14.5 13.6 Alcohol (%) LS MF VZ DS LS MF VZ DS LS MF VZ DS SITE CVT 423 CVT 308 CVT 142 CLONE 0.83 1.43 0.79 1.06 1.13 1.67 0.79 1.40 0.74 1.10 0.70 1.33 TBSA (g/kg) 2.82 3.52 2.90 2.91 3.71 4.31 3.43 3.93 2.75 3.54 2.96 3.51 TBSP (g/kg) 3.24 3.17 3.31 3.27 3.28 3.34 3.26 3.44 3.18 3.27 3.30 3.29 pH 8.13 9.38 7.80 10.25 6.23 7.88 7.50 8.71 8.13 8.25 7.60 8.27 TA (g/L) 23.9 24.4 24.9 23.2 24.8 25.2 25.0 24.8 23.1 24.8 25.0 24.1 SS (°Brix) 348 224 283 202 390 333 341 289 323 327 315 294 C wt. (g) 11.5 10.6 6.0 6.4 14.7 14.3 9.0 8.4 11.7 11.0 8.5 9.0 Yield (t/ha) 6.6 10.4 4.0 12.7 7.5 10.8 4.8 11.8 7.2 7.3 5.0 12.3 cluster/vine 520 389 336 723 460 370 310 1055 550 481 393 988 P wt. (g/vine) LS MF VZ DS LS MF VZ DS LS MF VZ DS SITE CVT 423 CVT 308 CVT 142 CLONE
Climate (01/04/04 – 31/10/04) Donnas Vezza Monforte Lessona Growing degree days (°C) 1840 1930 1773 1892 Rainfall (mm) 637 312 433 729 ebbiolo onforte vineyard Donnas vineyard CVT 423 wine 0,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 ruby red garned red orange red orange tint violet tint flow ery fruity spicy other smells acidity alcohol bitterness softness body taste length overall judgement Donnas Vezza Monforte Lessona CVT 142 wine 0,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 ruby red garned red orange red orange tint violet tint flowery fruity spicy other smells acidity alcohol bitterness softness body taste length overall judgement Donnas Vezza Monforte Lessona CVT 308 wine 0,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 ruby red garned red orange red orange tint violet tint flowery fruity spicy other smells acidity alcohol bitterness softness body taste length overall judgement Donnas Vezza Monforte Lessona
W ine rankin g test
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 CVT 1 4 2 C VT 3 08 CVT 4 2 3 R ank ing D onna s Ve zz a Monforte Le s sona 56 39 no n s ig n ifican t ra ng e p £ 0.05
