Japan : economic indicators and trade with EU

(1)

GDP per capita (€) and annual growth (%)

in Japan and the EU-28

Japan total unemployment and

female labour market participation

Public finances, monetary and financial data

FDI and remittances to

Japan and the EU-28

Japan business environment and socioeconomic indicators

The Ease of Doing Business’s ‘distance to frontier’ score assesses the overall level of regulatory performance of a country. It ranges from 0=’lowest performance’ to 100=’the frontier’, the best performance observed worldwide each year.

The Human Development Index (HDI) measures the average achievement in key dimensions of hu-man development. It is based on life expectancy at birth, average duration of education and GDP per capita. It ranges from 0 to 100. ‘High human development countries’ (UN) are in the range between 70 and 80.

The Corruption Perception Index measures the perceived levels of public sector corruption worldwide. Scores range from 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean). In 2015, two thirds of countries scored below 50.

The GINI Index measures the deviation of the distribution of income among individuals or households within a country from a perfectly equal distribution. It is hence a measure of inequality in income distri-bution. A value of 0 represents absolute equality, a value of 100 absolute inequality.

Female labour force participation (left axis)

Total unemployment (right axis)

Public debt (% of GDP)

Surplus/deficit (% of GDP)

Remittances received (% of GDP)

FDI net inflows (% of GDP)

GDP per capita

(left axis)

EU-28

Japan

GDP growth

(right axis)

Japan

EU-28

JP yen/euro exchange rate (right axis)

Inflation rate JP (%, left axis)

0%

2%

3%

5%

6%

0

10

20

30

40 2000

2005

2010

2015

Thous ands €

28.8 2.2%

0.5%

_5.1

0%

3%

6%

54%

60%

66%

2000

2005

2010

2014

64.5%

Score

Rank

35/190 18/168 32/142

Ease of Doing Business

Human Development Index*

Corruption Perception Index

GINI Index*

0 100 Worst Best Best Worst 0 100 0 100 0 100 20/188 32.1 75.0 89.1 75.5

3.7%

29.3 €

thousand

-10%

40%

90%

140%

190%

240%

2010 2015

Japan

EU-28

0

50

100

150

200 -3%

-1%

2%

5%

7%

2000 2005 2010 2015

0.5%

134.3 0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

2005 2010 2015

Japan

EU-28

Japan: Economic indicators and trade with EU

EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service EUI | European University Institute

Authors: Enrico D’Ambrogio and Giulio Sabbati, Members’ Research Service Laura Bartolini, GlobalStat | EUI

PE 595.844

At a glance

December 2016

Infographic

(2)

EU exports of goods to Japan (2015)

EU imports of goods from Japan (2015)

Main trade partners (2015)

EU grants paid to Japanese beneficiaries

under Horizon 2020 programme (2014–2016)

EU trade with Japan

Top EU partners (2015)

Goods (2005-2015)

Services (2010-2015)

Trade in goods

Trade in goods, exports plus imports

EU imports from Japan

EU exports to Japan

Other products

Rubber: 2.1%

Plastic articles

Organic chemicals

Optical instruments

Electrical,

electronic equipment

Cars and trucks

Machinery and

mechanical

appliances

p

26.7% 2.7% 18.2% 20.9% 17.3% 3.6% 8.6% (Printers, bulldozers, turbojets and gas turbines, semiconductor, piston engine of heading, data-processing machines,...) Other products Articles of leather Organic chemicals Electrical, electronic equipment

Optical instruments Agri-food

Machinery and mechanical appliances Cars and trucks Pharmaceutical products p 15.7% 13.3% 9.4% 8.4% 5.4% 2% 26.6 % 14.8% 4.3%

0

20

40

60

80 2005

2007

2009

2011

2013

2015

57

60 Imports

Exports

16

28 Imports

Exports

€ billion

31.6

13.1

12.9

11.1

10.4

8.1

4.6

3.2

2.8

2.1

0

20

40 DE

NL

UK

FR

BE

IT

ES

IE

SE

AT

E

U

i

m

p

o

r

t…

€ billion

EU trade in services with Japan

Top 5 services (2015)

Travel Telecommunications Transport R&D, consulting and trade-related Financial 6.4 6.3 4.4 3.8 2.9 Travel Financial Intellectual property Transport R&D, consulting and trade-related 4.8 4.3 2.2 1.7 1.4

EU exports of services EU imports of services

€ billion

0.92

0.27

0.16

Environmental and Climate Action research Researchers' mobility Space research

€1.34

million

€ million

Notes

GlobalStat is a project developed by the European University Institute’s Global Governance Programme (Italy) and the Francisco Manuel dos Santos Foundation (Portugal). Data sources for Page 1: GDP figures, inflation and exchange rates are from IMF WEO (October 2016) and Eurostat (2016); the Japanese government has recently decided to update GDP figures to comply with UN standards in national accounts. The figures presented in this paper are based on the previous standards. Labour market data are from WB WDI based on ILO KILM (2016); FDI and remittances data are estimates from World Bank staff based on IMF BoP data (2016); HDI and GINI indexes are from UNDP HDR (2015) and are re-scaled (*) from 0-1 to 0-100 for better comparability; CPI is from Transparency International (2015); Doing Business data are from the World Bank Group - Do-ing Business Unit (2017).

Data sources for page 2: EU trade with Japan, Main trade partners (EU), Top EU partners (goods), EU exports to Japan (%) and EU imports from Japan (%) are from ComExt, Eurostat; Other APEC members = Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam; main trade partners (Japan) are from IMF; EU trade in services with Japan Top 5 services (2015) are from Eurostat; EU grants paid to Japanese beneficiaries under Horizon 2020 programme (2014–2016) are from European Commission. The EU does not provide Japanese entities with grants from any other source than Horizon 2020.

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