Search for a Vectorlike Quark with Charge 2=3 in t þ Z Events from pp Collisions at
p
ffiffiffi
s
¼ 7 TeV
S. Chatrchyan et al.*(CMS Collaboration)
(Received 3 October 2011; published 29 December 2011)
A search for pair-produced heavy vectorlike charge-2=3 quarks, T, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, is performed with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events consistent with the flavor-changing-neutral-current decay of aT quark to a top quark and a Z boson are selected by requiring two leptons from the Z-boson decay, as well as an additional isolated charged lepton. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of1:14 fb1, the number of observed events is found to be consistent with the standard model background prediction. Assuming a branching fraction of 100% for the decayT ! tZ, a T quark with a mass less than 475 GeV=c2is excluded at the 95% confidence level. DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.271802 PACS numbers: 14.65.Jk, 13.85.Rm, 14.80.j
Recently, there has been renewed interest in the search for fourth-generation particles [1] that could have escaped the stringent bounds set by precision measurements [2,3]. Searches forb0! tW [4,5] andt0 ! bW; qW [6] decays have been performed at the Tevatron and LHC, setting lower bounds on the masses of fourth-generation quarks b0 and t0. The decays b0! bZ and t0! tZ are
flavor-changing-neutral-current (FCNC) processes and, since they proceed through loop diagrams, they are expected [7] to have branching fractions ofOð105–104Þ. Lower bounds on the mass of a b0 decaying to bZ have been established [8]. If a vectorlike quark of charge 2=3 (de-notedT) exists, however, as expected in several models of new physics [9–11], it would have tree-level FCNC cou-plings that could result in a large branching fraction for FCNC T decays. For example, for a vectorlike T with a new Yukawa coupling [12,13], the decays T ! tZ and T ! tH could be dominant, where H is the Higgs boson. If the Higgs decay channel is kinematically forbidden, the T ! tZ branching fraction could be close to 100%.
In this Letter, we report the results of a first search for pair-produced T quarks that decay to top quarks and Z bosons, with the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The decay chain, pp ! T TX, with T T ! tZtZ ! b bWþWZZ, can
gen-erate a very clean signature if at least oneZ boson decays to‘þ‘, where‘ is an electron or a muon, and the decay of one of theW bosons yields an additional isolated charged lepton. A search for singly produced vectorlike quarks has been performed by the D0 Collaboration [14].
The central feature of the CMS apparatus is a super-conducting solenoid that provides an axial magnetic field
of 3.8 T. Charged particle trajectories are measured within the field volume by a pixel and silicon strip tracker. The calorimeter enclosing the tracker includes a lead tungstate crystal electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), which is composed of a barrel part and two end caps, a lead and silicon preshower detector in front of the ECAL end caps, and a brass or scintillator hadron calorimeter (HCAL) that together provide an energy measurement for electrons, photons, and hadronic jets. Muons are identified and mea-sured in gas-ionization detectors embedded in the steel return yoke outside the solenoid. The detector is nearly hermetic, allowing accurate energy balance measurements in the plane transverse to the beam direction. The direction of particles measured inside the CMS detector is described using the azimuthal angle () and the pseudorapidity (), which is defined as ln½tan=2, where is the polar angle relative to the counterclockwise proton beam direc-tion, as measured from the nominal interaction vertex. A more detailed description of the CMS detector can be found elsewhere [15].
This study is based on a sample of pp collisions at ffiffiffi
s p
¼ 7 TeV recorded in March–June 2011, and corre-sponds to an integrated luminosity of (1:14 0:05 fb1). The CMS trigger system consists of hardware and software triggers [16] that are used to select events for further analysis. Events selected for this search are required to pass one of several dilepton triggers. The efficiencies of the dilepton triggers are measured using an independent data sample collected with a jet-based trigger and containing at least two fully reconstructed leptons, and found to be 99% for two-electron, 89% for two-muon, and 97% for electron-muon triggers.
Muon candidates are required to have a transverse mo-mentumpT> 15 GeV=c and be within the fiducial range jj < 2:4. The reconstructed muon track must be associ-ated with signals in the pixel and silicon strip detectors, as well as track segments in the muon system, and have a high-quality global fit using the information of both the central tracker and the muon detector. The muon
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reconstruction is described in detail in Ref. [17]. The muon candidate is also required to be consistent with coming from the primary interaction vertex [18].
Electron candidates are reconstructed using clusters of energy deposits in the ECAL that are matched to a track reconstructed in the tracker. A candidate is required to have pT> 20 GeV=c and be within the fully instrumented
barrel (jj < 1:44) or end cap (1:57 < jj < 2:5) regions. The track must also be consistent with originating from the interaction vertex. Electrons are identified based on the ratio between the energy depositions in the ECAL and the HCAL, the shower width in , and the distance be-tween the energy-weighted mean position in the ECAL and the extrapolated position of the associated track measured in both and . The selection criteria are optimized to identify electrons from W- or Z-boson decays with an efficiency of 85%, while suppressing at least 98% of candidates originating from hadronic jets [19].
Leptons fromW- or Z-boson decays tend to be isolated from other particles in the event. Several requirements are imposed on the sum of the transverse momentum or energy of particles (not including the lepton itself ) surrounding the lepton within a cone of R pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiðÞ2þ ðÞ2 ¼ 0:3, where and are the differences in pseudorapidity and azimuthal angle between the lepton and the particle directions. The sum of thepTof tracks surrounding a muon candidate must be less than 3 GeV=c. Similarly, an elec-tron candidate in the barrel (end caps) is rejected if the sum of thepTof tracks around it is greater than 9% (5%) of the electron’spT, the sum of theET in the surrounding ECAL region is greater than 8% (5%) of that of the candidate, or if the sum of theETin the surrounding HCAL is greater than 10% (2.5%) of the electron’s ET. Electron candidates within a cone of R ¼ 0:1 of a muon candidate are rejected in order to remove misidentified muon brems-strahlung photons mistakenly associated with the muon-candidate track and misidentified as electrons. Electrons
identified as resulting from photon conversions are also rejected.
Jets are reconstructed from particles whose identities and energies have been determined by a particle-flow technique [20,21]. All particles found by the particle-flow algorithm are clustered into jets using the anti-kT algorithm with the distance parameter of 0.5 [22]. Jet energies are corrected for nonuniformity in calorimeter response and for differences found between jets in simu-lation and data [23]. Jet candidates are required to have pT> 25 GeV=c, be within jj < 2:4, and pass quality
requirements that reject most misidentified jets arising from calorimeter noise. Jets must also be separated from all lepton candidates by a distanceR > 0:4.
We select events that contain at least one well-reconstructed interaction vertex and a leptonic Z-boson decay, which is identified by requiring oppositely charged, same-flavor leptons (e or ) having an invariant mass in the range 60 < M‘þ‘< 120 GeV=c2. At least three
lep-tons and at least two jets are required. An additional reduction of the standard model (SM) background is ob-tained by requiring RT X iÞ1;2 pTðjetiÞ þ X jÞ1;2 pTðleptonjÞ > 80 GeV=c; (1)
where thei; j Þ 1; 2 indicates that the sum extends over all leptons and jets, except the two highest-pT ones.
Simulated event samples are used to estimate the signal efficiencies. Thepp ! T TX process, with up to two addi-tional hard partons, is simulated using theMADGRAPH[24] event generator. The result is passed to PYTHIA(v6.420) [25] for parton showering and hadronization. Detector simulation is performed using GEANT4 [26]. The signal efficiencies, excluding the combined branching fractions of 5.4% from the W and Z leptonic decays, vary from ð14 3Þ% to ð36 6Þ% as the T mass increases from 250 to 550 GeV=c2, where the uncertainties are
] 2 [GeV/c -l + l M 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 ) 2 Events/ (5 GeV/c -1 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 data ) 2 (350GeV/c T T +W,Z t t W/Z/diboson t t = 7 TeV s -1 CMS 1.14 fb N(Jets) 0 2 4 6 8 10 Events -1 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 data ) 2 (350GeV/c T T +W,Z t t W/Z/diboson t t = 7 TeV s -1 CMS 1.14 fb [GeV/c] T R 0 100 200 300 400 Events/ (40 GeV/c) -1 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 data ) 2 (350GeV/c T T +W,Z t t W/Z/diboson t t = 7 TeV s -1 CMS 1.14 fb
FIG. 1 (color online). The distributions of the invariant mass of two oppositely charged muons or electrons from data (points) and from Monte Carlo simulations of the backgrounds (colored histograms) and a350 GeV=c2T T signal (open histograms), M‘þ‘(left), jet multiplicity (center), andRT (right) for events with a reconstructedZ-boson candidate and a charged lepton.
systematic. The reduction of signal efficiency for events with a lowerT-quark mass is due to the requirement on RT and the minimum pT threshold for lepton candidates. Contributions from cascade decays of leptons are negli-gible. The distributions of the dilepton invariant mass, jet multiplicity, andRT for events with aZ-boson candidate and a charged lepton are displayed in Fig.1. The expected distributions of a T signal with 350 GeV=c2 mass also shown in Fig.1are normalized using theT T cross section calculated to approximately next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) ins[27].
After the full selection criteria are applied, two types of background sources remain in the signal sample: (a) events with two prompt leptons (B2‘) and a nonprompt lepton from a jet and (b) events with three prompt leptons (B3‘). To estimate the yield of the B2‘ background in data, a method using a sample of leptons passing looser selection criteria than those described above is introduced. This type of background is primarily from Z and tt processes. Electrons chosen with the full selection criteria defined above are called ‘‘tight’’ electrons. Electron candidates that are above the samepT threshold, satisfy the online trigger selection, but fail the full selection criteria are called ‘‘loose’’ electrons. Similarly, muons chosen with the full selection criteria are tight muons, while muon candidates passing the selection criteria defined above except the requirement on the sum of the pT of tracks surrounding the muon candidate are loose muons. A control sample is defined with selection criteria similar to those of the signal sample, except that the third lepton must only satisfy the loose lepton requirements. Z and tt production are the dominant processes also in the control sample, similarly to the signal sample. The background is estimated using the event yield observed in the control sample, multiplied by the probability of a loose lepton in background events passing the tight criteria. This probability is determined from data by taking the number of events in a multijet dominant control sample, and dividing the number of events with one loose and one tight lepton by the number of events with two loose leptons. For electrons this proba-bility isð2:00 0:02Þ% and for muons it is ð18:7 0:1Þ%, where the uncertainties are statistical only. The back-ground yield in the signal sample is estimated to be 3:0 0:8 events. The data-based estimation has been vali-dated with closure tests using the Monte Carlo simulation; in particular, the possible presence of signal events in the control sample has a negligible effect. The small contribu-tion from QCD multijet processes is included in this estimation. The method described above predicts a back-ground contribution in the signal sample that is consistent with the expectation from simulated standard model event samples.
The contribution ofB3‘background from processes such astt þ Z and diboson production is evaluated from simu-lations using theMADGRAPHandPYTHIAgenerators. These
background processes are irreducible and their contribu-tion amounts to 1:6 0:5 events, where 42% of events comes fromtt þ Z production. As summarized in TableI, the total estimated background yield in the signal sample is 4:6 1:0 events, including the systematic uncertainties described below. Seven events are observed in data, com-patible with the SM expectation.
The systematic uncertainties on the signal efficiencies and the background estimation are summarized in TableII. The uncertainty on the integrated luminosity is estimated to be 4.5% [28], and is included in the limit calculations. An uncertainty of 2.1% in the trigger efficiency for signal events is obtained by comparing the trigger efficiency measured from data with that measured from the simulated signal sample. The lepton selection efficiencies computed from T T simulated events are checked in data using Z samples. The difference between the efficiencies measured in simulatedZ boson and T T signal samples is taken into
TABLE I. Predicted number of background events having two prompt leptons (B2‘), estimated using data, three prompt leptons
(B3‘), estimated using simulations, and their sum (Btotal) in each
of the trilepton channels, as well as the observed yield in data after applying the full selection criteria. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic uncertainties.
Channel eee ee e Total
B2‘ 0:2þ0:30:2 0:8 0:5 0:9 0:4 1:1 0:5 3:0 0:8
B3‘ 0:3 0:1 0:3 0:1 0:5 0:2 0:5 0:2 1:6 0:5
Btotal 0:5 0:3 1:1 0:5 1:4 0:5 1:7 0:6 4:6 1:0
Data 0 2 2 3 7
TABLE II. A summary of relative systematic uncertainties on the signal efficiencies (=) in percent and estimated back-ground yield. The uncertainties on the signal efficiency vary with the T-quark mass and these variations are shown by the ranges given in the table. The uncertainties on the number of back-ground events with two prompt leptons (B2‘), three prompt
leptons (B3‘), and their sum (Btotal) are also summarized. In all cases, the uncertainties from different sources are summed in quadrature to obtain the total uncertainty, while the correlations between different background sources are taken into account.
Signal Background Source = [%] B2‘ B3‘ Btotal Luminosity 4.5 0.1 0.1 Trigger efficiency 2.1 Lepton selection 17 <0:01 0.3 0.3 Pileup 2.3 0.3 0.06 0.4 PDF 0.2–1.4 - 0.03 0.03
Jet energy scale/resolution 0.8–5.4 0.3 0.2 0.4 Simulated sample statistics 3.0–4.8 0.1 0.1 Control region statistics 0.7 0.7 Background normalization 0.2 0.4 0.4
account. The resulting uncertainties on the lepton selection efficiencies are 5.7% and 7.1% for electrons and muons, respectively, giving a total uncertainty of 17% on the signal selection efficiency, and an uncertainty of0:3 events on the background estimation. The effects of multiple pp collisions per beam crossing (pileup) are tested with simu-lations. Weights are assigned to the simulated events so that the distribution of the number of pileup events matches the target distribution in data. The associated uncertainty is estimated by varying the weights for different distributions. The uncertainty on the parton distribution function (PDF) from CTEQ6 [29] and the jet energy scale [23] and reso-lution are also accounted for. The uncertainty on the back-ground estimation due to the statistical size of the control samples is0:7 events. The effect of uncertainties on the background cross sections is considered by varying the normalization of the relevant processes as follows: 11% for tt [30],3% ( 4%) for W (Z) [31], conserva-tively ð27–42Þ% for dibosons [32], and 50% for tt þ W=Z.
For eachT mass hypothesis from 250 to 550 GeV=c2we present the predicted cross section, selection efficiency,
and yield in Table III. Upper limits on the cross section are calculated using a Bayesian method [33] with a flat prior for the signal cross section, and a log-normal model for integration over the nuisance parameters. The observed upper limit at the 95% confidence level (C.L.) on theT T cross section as a function of theT-quark mass hypotheses is shown as a solid line in Fig.2. The dotted line gives the expected upper limit on the cross section under a background-only hypothesis, and the solid and hatched areas around it show the 1 and 2 standard deviation uncertainties on the expected limit. These were found by producing a large sample of pseudoexperiments in which the expected number of background events was allowed to vary according to its statistical and systematic uncertain-ties, and the resulting upper limit was then determined. By comparing the observedT T upper limit with the approxi-mate NNLO calculation of the pp ! T TX production cross section [27] and assuming a 100% branching fraction for T ! tZ decays, a lower limit on the T-quark mass of 475 GeV=c2 is derived at the 95% confidence level.
In conclusion, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1:14 fb1 collected by the CMS experiment, we have searched for a vectorlike charge-2=3 T quark that is pair produced in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and decays to a top quark and aZ boson. Seven events are observed in data, consistent with 4:6 1:0 events expected from SM processes. Assuming a 100% branching fraction for the decayT ! tZ, we exclude a T quark with a mass less than 475 GeV=c2 at the 95% confidence level. This is the first search for a pair-produced T quark at hadron colliders.
We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administra-tive staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowl-edge support from FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS
TABLE III. Summary of the predicted T T cross sections, selection efficiencies, and expected yields for various T masses, normalized to an integrated luminosity of1:14 fb1, and the observed upper limits at the 95% confidence level on the cross section. The expected yields include the combined branching fraction of 5.4% from theW and Z leptonic decays.
MðTÞ [GeV=c2] 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 Cross section [pb] 22.6 7.99 3.20 1.41 0.662 0.330 0.171 Efficiency [%] 14:4 2:8 24:0 4:4 29:4 5:3 32:8 5:8 34:3 6:1 32:7 5:8 35:6 6:3 Expected yield 200 118 57.8 28.3 13.9 6.6 3.7 Observed limit [pb] 1.09 0.65 0.53 0.48 0.45 0.48 0.44 ] 2 [GeV/c T M 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 X) [pb] T T → (pp σ -1 10 1 10 The ory 2 > 475 GeV/c T Limit at 95% C.L.: M = 7 TeV s -1 CMS 1.14 fb observed limit 1σ expected limit 2σ
FIG. 2 (color online). The 95% confidence level (C.L.) upper limit on the cross section of the pp ! T TX process, as a function of the T-quark mass. The branching fraction of T ! tZ is assumed to be 100%. The solid line shows the observed limit. The dotted line corresponds to the expected limit under a background-only hypothesis. The solid (hatched) area shows the 1 (2) standard deviation uncertainties on the expected limit. The dot-dashed line shows the value of the theoretical cross section [27] for theT T process.
(Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.).
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P. Luukka,26T. Ma¨enpa¨a¨,26E. Tuominen,26J. Tuominiemi,26E. Tuovinen,26D. Ungaro,26L. Wendland,26 K. Banzuzi,27A. Karjalainen,27A. Korpela,27T. Tuuva,27D. Sillou,28M. Besancon,29S. Choudhury,29 M. Dejardin,29D. Denegri,29B. Fabbro,29J. L. Faure,29F. Ferri,29S. Ganjour,29A. Givernaud,29P. Gras,29 G. Hamel de Monchenault,29P. Jarry,29E. Locci,29J. Malcles,29M. Marionneau,29L. Millischer,29J. Rander,29 A. Rosowsky,29I. Shreyber,29M. Titov,29S. Baffioni,30F. Beaudette,30L. Benhabib,30L. Bianchini,30M. Bluj,30,k C. Broutin,30P. Busson,30C. Charlot,30T. Dahms,30L. Dobrzynski,30S. Elgammal,30R. Granier de Cassagnac,30
M. Haguenauer,30P. Mine´,30C. Mironov,30C. Ochando,30P. Paganini,30D. Sabes,30R. Salerno,30Y. Sirois,30 C. Thiebaux,30C. Veelken,30A. Zabi,30J.-L. Agram,31,lJ. Andrea,31D. Bloch,31D. Bodin,31J.-M. Brom,31 M. Cardaci,31E. C. Chabert,31C. Collard,31E. Conte,31,lF. Drouhin,31,lC. Ferro,31J.-C. Fontaine,31,lD. Gele´,31
U. Goerlach,31S. Greder,31P. Juillot,31M. Karim,31,lA.-C. Le Bihan,31Y. Mikami,31P. Van Hove,31F. Fassi,32 D. Mercier,32C. Baty,33S. Beauceron,33N. Beaupere,33M. Bedjidian,33O. Bondu,33G. Boudoul,33 D. Boumediene,33H. Brun,33J. Chasserat,33R. Chierici,33D. Contardo,33P. Depasse,33H. El Mamouni,33J. Fay,33 S. Gascon,33B. Ille,33T. Kurca,33T. Le Grand,33M. Lethuillier,33L. Mirabito,33S. Perries,33V. Sordini,33S. Tosi,33
Y. Tschudi,33P. Verdier,33S. Viret,33D. Lomidze,34G. Anagnostou,35S. Beranek,35M. Edelhoff,35L. Feld,35 N. Heracleous,35O. Hindrichs,35R. Jussen,35K. Klein,35J. Merz,35N. Mohr,35A. Ostapchuk,35A. Perieanu,35
F. Raupach,35J. Sammet,35S. Schael,35D. Sprenger,35H. Weber,35M. Weber,35B. Wittmer,35V. Zhukov,35,m M. Ata,36E. Dietz-Laursonn,36M. Erdmann,36T. Hebbeker,36C. Heidemann,36A. Hinzmann,36K. Hoepfner,36 T. Klimkovich,36D. Klingebiel,36P. Kreuzer,36D. Lanske,36,aJ. Lingemann,36C. Magass,36M. Merschmeyer,36
A. Meyer,36P. Papacz,36H. Pieta,36H. Reithler,36S. A. Schmitz,36L. Sonnenschein,36J. Steggemann,36 D. Teyssier,36M. Bontenackels,37V. Cherepanov,37M. Davids,37G. Flu¨gge,37H. Geenen,37M. Giffels,37 W. Haj Ahmad,37F. Hoehle,37B. Kargoll,37T. Kress,37Y. Kuessel,37A. Linn,37A. Nowack,37L. Perchalla,37
O. Pooth,37J. Rennefeld,37P. Sauerland,37A. Stahl,37D. Tornier,37M. H. Zoeller,37M. Aldaya Martin,38 W. Behrenhoff,38U. Behrens,38M. Bergholz,38,nA. Bethani,38K. Borras,38A. Cakir,38A. Campbell,38E. Castro,38
D. Dammann,38G. Eckerlin,38D. Eckstein,38A. Flossdorf,38G. Flucke,38A. Geiser,38J. Hauk,38H. Jung,38,b M. Kasemann,38P. Katsas,38C. Kleinwort,38H. Kluge,38A. Knutsson,38M. Kra¨mer,38D. Kru¨cker,38 E. Kuznetsova,38W. Lange,38W. Lohmann,38,nB. Lutz,38R. Mankel,38M. Marienfeld,38I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann,38
A. B. Meyer,38J. Mnich,38A. Mussgiller,38J. Olzem,38A. Petrukhin,38D. Pitzl,38A. Raspereza,38M. Rosin,38 R. Schmidt,38,nT. Schoerner-Sadenius,38N. Sen,38A. Spiridonov,38M. Stein,38J. Tomaszewska,38R. Walsh,38 C. Wissing,38C. Autermann,39V. Blobel,39S. Bobrovskyi,39J. Draeger,39H. Enderle,39U. Gebbert,39M. Go¨rner,39
T. Hermanns,39K. Kaschube,39G. Kaussen,39H. Kirschenmann,39R. Klanner,39J. Lange,39B. Mura,39 S. Naumann-Emme,39F. Nowak,39N. Pietsch,39C. Sander,39H. Schettler,39P. Schleper,39E. Schlieckau,39
M. Schro¨der,39T. Schum,39H. Stadie,39G. Steinbru¨ck,39J. Thomsen,39C. Barth,40J. Bauer,40J. Berger,40 V. Buege,40T. Chwalek,40W. De Boer,40A. Dierlamm,40G. Dirkes,40M. Feindt,40J. Gruschke,40C. Hackstein,40 F. Hartmann,40M. Heinrich,40H. Held,40K. H. Hoffmann,40S. Honc,40I. Katkov,40,mJ. R. Komaragiri,40T. Kuhr,40 D. Martschei,40S. Mueller,40Th. Mu¨ller,40M. Niegel,40O. Oberst,40A. Oehler,40J. Ott,40T. Peiffer,40G. Quast,40 K. Rabbertz,40F. Ratnikov,40N. Ratnikova,40M. Renz,40S. Ro¨cker,40C. Saout,40A. Scheurer,40P. Schieferdecker,40 F.-P. Schilling,40M. Schmanau,40G. Schott,40H. J. Simonis,40F. M. Stober,40D. Troendle,40J. Wagner-Kuhr,40 T. Weiler,40M. Zeise,40E. B. Ziebarth,40G. Daskalakis,41T. Geralis,41S. Kesisoglou,41A. Kyriakis,41D. Loukas,41
I. Manolakos,41A. Markou,41C. Markou,41C. Mavrommatis,41E. Ntomari,41E. Petrakou,41L. Gouskos,42 T. J. Mertzimekis,42A. Panagiotou,42N. Saoulidou,42E. Stiliaris,42I. Evangelou,43C. Foudas,43,bP. Kokkas,43 N. Manthos,43I. Papadopoulos,43V. Patras,43F. A. Triantis,43A. Aranyi,44G. Bencze,44L. Boldizsar,44C. Hajdu,44,b P. Hidas,44D. Horvath,44,oA. Kapusi,44K. Krajczar,44,pF. Sikler,44,bG. I. Veres,44,pG. Vesztergombi,44,pN. Beni,45 J. Molnar,45J. Palinkas,45Z. Szillasi,45V. Veszpremi,45J. Karancsi,46P. Raics,46Z. L. Trocsanyi,46B. Ujvari,46
S. B. Beri,47V. Bhatnagar,47N. Dhingra,47R. Gupta,47M. Jindal,47M. Kaur,47J. M. Kohli,47M. Z. Mehta,47 N. Nishu,47L. K. Saini,47A. Sharma,47A. P. Singh,47J. Singh,47S. P. Singh,47S. Ahuja,48B. C. Choudhary,48 P. Gupta,48A. Kumar,48A. Kumar,48S. Malhotra,48M. Naimuddin,48K. Ranjan,48R. K. Shivpuri,48S. Banerjee,49
S. Bhattacharya,49S. Dutta,49B. Gomber,49S. Jain,49S. Jain,49R. Khurana,49S. Sarkar,49R. K. Choudhury,50 D. Dutta,50S. Kailas,50V. Kumar,50P. Mehta,50A. K. Mohanty,50,bL. M. Pant,50P. Shukla,50T. Aziz,51 M. Guchait,51,qA. Gurtu,51M. Maity,51,rD. Majumder,51G. Majumder,51T. Mathew,51K. Mazumdar,51 G. B. Mohanty,51B. Parida,51A. Saha,51K. Sudhakar,51N. Wickramage,51S. Banerjee,52S. Dugad,52 N. K. Mondal,52H. Arfaei,53H. Bakhshiansohi,53,sS. M. Etesami,53,tA. Fahim,53,sM. Hashemi,53H. Hesari,53
A. Jafari,53,sM. Khakzad,53A. Mohammadi,53,uM. Mohammadi Najafabadi,53S. Paktinat Mehdiabadi,53 B. Safarzadeh,53M. Zeinali,53,tM. Abbrescia,54a,54bL. Barbone,54a,54bC. Calabria,54a,54bA. Colaleo,54a D. Creanza,54a,54cN. De Filippis,54a,54c,bM. De Palma,54a,54bL. Fiore,54aG. Iaselli,54a,54cL. Lusito,54a,54b G. Maggi,54a,54cM. Maggi,54aN. Manna,54a,54bB. Marangelli,54a,54bS. My,54a,54cS. Nuzzo,54a,54bN. Pacifico,54a,54b
G. A. Pierro,54aA. Pompili,54a,54bG. Pugliese,54a,54cF. Romano,54a,54cG. Roselli,54a,54bG. Selvaggi,54a,54b L. Silvestris,54aR. Trentadue,54aS. Tupputi,54a,54bG. Zito,54aG. Abbiendi,55aA. C. Benvenuti,55aD. Bonacorsi,55a
S. Braibant-Giacomelli,55a,55bL. Brigliadori,55aP. Capiluppi,55a,55bA. Castro,55a,55bF. R. Cavallo,55a M. Cuffiani,55a,55bG. M. Dallavalle,55aF. Fabbri,55aA. Fanfani,55a,55bD. Fasanella,55a,bP. Giacomelli,55a
M. Giunta,55aC. Grandi,55aS. Marcellini,55aG. Masetti,55bM. Meneghelli,55a,55bA. Montanari,55a F. L. Navarria,55a,55bF. Odorici,55aA. Perrotta,55aF. Primavera,55aA. M. Rossi,55a,55bT. Rovelli,55a,55b G. Siroli,55a,55bR. Travaglini,55a,55bS. Albergo,56a,56bG. Cappello,56a,56bM. Chiorboli,56a,56bS. Costa,56a,56b
R. Potenza,56a,56bA. Tricomi,56a,56bC. Tuve,56a,56bG. Barbagli,57aV. Ciulli,57a,57bC. Civinini,57a
R. D’Alessandro,57a,57bE. Focardi,57a,57bS. Frosali,57a,57bE. Gallo,57aS. Gonzi,57a,57bM. Meschini,57aS. Paoletti,57a G. Sguazzoni,57aA. Tropiano,57a,bL. Benussi,58S. Bianco,58S. Colafranceschi,58,vF. Fabbri,58D. Piccolo,58
P. Fabbricatore,59R. Musenich,59A. Benaglia,60a,60b,bF. De Guio,60a,60bL. Di Matteo,60a,60bS. Gennai,60a,b A. Ghezzi,60a,60bS. Malvezzi,60aA. Martelli,60a,60bA. Massironi,60a,60b,bD. Menasce,60aL. Moroni,60a M. Paganoni,60a,60bD. Pedrini,60aS. Ragazzi,60a,60bN. Redaelli,60aS. Sala,60aT. Tabarelli de Fatis,60a,60b
S. Buontempo,61aC. A. Carrillo Montoya,61a,bN. Cavallo,61a,wA. De Cosa,61a,61bO. Dogangun,61a,61b F. Fabozzi,61a,wA. O. M. Iorio,61a,bL. Lista,61aM. Merola,61a,61bP. Paolucci,61aP. Azzi,62aN. Bacchetta,62a,b
P. Bellan,62a,62bD. Bisello,62a,62bA. Branca,62aR. Carlin,62a,62bP. Checchia,62aT. Dorigo,62aU. Dosselli,62a F. Fanzago,62aF. Gasparini,62a,62bU. Gasparini,62a,62bA. Gozzelino,62aS. Lacaprara,62a,xI. Lazzizzera,62a,62c M. Margoni,62a,62bM. Mazzucato,62aA. T. Meneguzzo,62a,62bM. Nespolo,62a,bL. Perrozzi,62aN. Pozzobon,62a,62b
P. Ronchese,62a,62bF. Simonetto,62a,62bE. Torassa,62aM. Tosi,62a,62b,bS. Vanini,62a,62bP. Zotto,62a,62b G. Zumerle,62a,62bP. Baesso,63a,63bU. Berzano,63aS. P. Ratti,63a,63bC. Riccardi,63a,63bP. Torre,63a,63bP. Vitulo,63a,63b
C. Viviani,63a,63bM. Biasini,64a,64bG. M. Bilei,64aB. Caponeri,64a,64bL. Fano`,64a,64bP. Lariccia,64a,64b A. Lucaroni,64a,64b,bG. Mantovani,64a,64bM. Menichelli,64aA. Nappi,64a,64bF. Romeo,64a,64bA. Santocchia,64a,64b
S. Taroni,64a,64b,bM. Valdata,64a,64bP. Azzurri,65a,65cG. Bagliesi,65aJ. Bernardini,65a,65bT. Boccali,65a G. Broccolo,65a,65cR. Castaldi,65aR. T. D’Agnolo,65a,65cR. Dell’Orso,65aF. Fiori,65a,65bL. Foa`,65a,65cA. Giassi,65a
A. Kraan,65aF. Ligabue,65a,65cT. Lomtadze,65aL. Martini,65a,yA. Messineo,65a,65bF. Palla,65aF. Palmonari,65a G. Segneri,65aA. T. Serban,65aP. Spagnolo,65aR. Tenchini,65aG. Tonelli,65a,65b,bA. Venturi,65a,bP. G. Verdini,65a
L. Barone,66a,66bF. Cavallari,66aD. Del Re,66a,66b,bE. Di Marco,66a,66bM. Diemoz,66aD. Franci,66a,66b M. Grassi,66a,bE. Longo,66a,66bP. Meridiani,66aS. Nourbakhsh,66aG. Organtini,66a,66bF. Pandolfi,66a,66b R. Paramatti,66aS. Rahatlou,66a,66bM. Sigamani,66aN. Amapane,67a,67bR. Arcidiacono,67a,67cS. Argiro,67a,67b M. Arneodo,67a,67cC. Biino,67aC. Botta,67a,67bN. Cartiglia,67aR. Castello,67a,67bM. Costa,67a,67bN. Demaria,67a
A. Graziano,67a,67bC. Mariotti,67aS. Maselli,67aE. Migliore,67a,67bV. Monaco,67a,67bM. Musich,67a M. M. Obertino,67a,67cN. Pastrone,67aM. Pelliccioni,67a,67bA. Potenza,67a,67bA. Romero,67a,67bM. Ruspa,67a,67c R. Sacchi,67a,67bV. Sola,67a,67bA. Solano,67a,67bA. Staiano,67aA. Vilela Pereira,67aS. Belforte,68aF. Cossutti,68a G. Della Ricca,68a,68bB. Gobbo,68aM. Marone,68a,68bD. Montanino,68a,68bA. Penzo,68aS. G. Heo,69S. K. Nam,69
S. Chang,70J. Chung,70D. H. Kim,70G. N. Kim,70J. E. Kim,70D. J. Kong,70H. Park,70S. R. Ro,70D. C. Son,70 T. Son,70J. Y. Kim,71Zero J. Kim,71S. Song,71H. Y. Jo,72S. Choi,73D. Gyun,73B. Hong,73M. Jo,73H. Kim,73 J. H. Kim,73T. J. Kim,73K. S. Lee,73D. H. Moon,73S. K. Park,73E. Seo,73K. S. Sim,73M. Choi,74S. Kang,74 H. Kim,74C. Park,74I. C. Park,74S. Park,74G. Ryu,74Y. Cho,75Y. Choi,75Y. K. Choi,75J. Goh,75M. S. Kim,75
B. Lee,75J. Lee,75S. Lee,75H. Seo,75I. Yu,75M. J. Bilinskas,76I. Grigelionis,76M. Janulis,76D. Martisiute,76 P. Petrov,76M. Polujanskas,76T. Sabonis,76H. Castilla-Valdez,77E. De La Cruz-Burelo,77I. Heredia-de La Cruz,77
R. Lopez-Fernandez,77R. Magan˜a Villalba,77J. Martı´nez-Ortega,77A. Sa´nchez-Herna´ndez,77 L. M. Villasenor-Cendejas,77S. Carrillo Moreno,78F. Vazquez Valencia,78H. A. Salazar Ibarguen,79 E. Casimiro Linares,80A. Morelos Pineda,80M. A. Reyes-Santos,80D. Krofcheck,81J. Tam,81P. H. Butler,82
R. Doesburg,82H. Silverwood,82M. Ahmad,83I. Ahmed,83M. I. Asghar,83H. R. Hoorani,83S. Khalid,83 W. A. Khan,83T. Khurshid,83S. Qazi,83M. A. Shah,83M. Shoaib,83G. Brona,84M. Cwiok,84W. Dominik,84
K. Doroba,84A. Kalinowski,84M. Konecki,84J. Krolikowski,84T. Frueboes,85R. Gokieli,85M. Go´rski,85 M. Kazana,85K. Nawrocki,85K. Romanowska-Rybinska,85M. Szleper,85G. Wrochna,85P. Zalewski,85 N. Almeida,86P. Bargassa,86A. David,86P. Faccioli,86P. G. Ferreira Parracho,86M. Gallinaro,86,bP. Musella,86
A. Nayak,86J. Pela,86,bP. Q. Ribeiro,86J. Seixas,86J. Varela,86S. Afanasiev,87I. Belotelov,87P. Bunin,87 M. Gavrilenko,87I. Golutvin,87A. Kamenev,87V. Karjavin,87G. Kozlov,87A. Lanev,87P. Moisenz,87V. Palichik,87
V. Perelygin,87S. Shmatov,87V. Smirnov,87A. Volodko,87A. Zarubin,87V. Golovtsov,88Y. Ivanov,88V. Kim,88 P. Levchenko,88V. Murzin,88V. Oreshkin,88I. Smirnov,88V. Sulimov,88L. Uvarov,88S. Vavilov,88A. Vorobyev,88
An. Vorobyev,88Yu. Andreev,89A. Dermenev,89S. Gninenko,89N. Golubev,89M. Kirsanov,89N. Krasnikov,89 V. Matveev,89A. Pashenkov,89A. Toropin,89S. Troitsky,89V. Epshteyn,90M. Erofeeva,90V. Gavrilov,90 V. Kaftanov,90,aM. Kossov,90,bA. Krokhotin,90N. Lychkovskaya,90V. Popov,90G. Safronov,90S. Semenov,90
V. Stolin,90E. Vlasov,90A. Zhokin,90A. Belyaev,91E. Boos,91M. Dubinin,91,dL. Dudko,91A. Ershov,91 A. Gribushin,91O. Kodolova,91I. Lokhtin,91A. Markina,91S. Obraztsov,91M. Perfilov,91S. Petrushanko,91
L. Sarycheva,91V. Savrin,91A. Snigirev,91V. Andreev,92M. Azarkin,92I. Dremin,92M. Kirakosyan,92 A. Leonidov,92G. Mesyats,92S. V. Rusakov,92A. Vinogradov,92I. Azhgirey,93I. Bayshev,93S. Bitioukov,93
V. Grishin,93,bV. Kachanov,93D. Konstantinov,93A. Korablev,93V. Krychkine,93V. Petrov,93R. Ryutin,93 A. Sobol,93L. Tourtchanovitch,93S. Troshin,93N. Tyurin,93A. Uzunian,93A. Volkov,93P. Adzic,94,zM. Djordjevic,94
D. Krpic,94,zJ. Milosevic,94M. Aguilar-Benitez,95J. Alcaraz Maestre,95P. Arce,95C. Battilana,95E. Calvo,95 M. Cerrada,95M. Chamizo Llatas,95N. Colino,95B. De La Cruz,95A. Delgado Peris,95C. Diez Pardos,95 D. Domı´nguez Va´zquez,95C. Fernandez Bedoya,95J. P. Ferna´ndez Ramos,95A. Ferrando,95J. Flix,95M. C. Fouz,95
P. Garcia-Abia,95O. Gonzalez Lopez,95S. Goy Lopez,95J. M. Hernandez,95M. I. Josa,95G. Merino,95 J. Puerta Pelayo,95I. Redondo,95L. Romero,95J. Santaolalla,95M. S. Soares,95C. Willmott,95C. Albajar,96 G. Codispoti,96J. F. de Troco´niz,96J. Cuevas,97J. Fernandez Menendez,97S. Folgueras,97I. Gonzalez Caballero,97 L. Lloret Iglesias,97J. M. Vizan Garcia,97J. A. Brochero Cifuentes,98I. J. Cabrillo,98A. Calderon,98S. H. Chuang,98
J. Duarte Campderros,98M. Felcini,98,aaM. Fernandez,98G. Gomez,98J. Gonzalez Sanchez,98C. Jorda,98 P. Lobelle Pardo,98A. Lopez Virto,98J. Marco,98R. Marco,98C. Martinez Rivero,98F. Matorras,98 F. J. Munoz Sanchez,98J. Piedra Gomez,98,bbT. Rodrigo,98A. Y. Rodrı´guez-Marrero,98A. Ruiz-Jimeno,98 L. Scodellaro,98M. Sobron Sanudo,98I. Vila,98R. Vilar Cortabitarte,98D. Abbaneo,99E. Auffray,99G. Auzinger,99
P. Baillon,99A. H. Ball,99D. Barney,99A. J. Bell,99,ccD. Benedetti,99C. Bernet,99,eW. Bialas,99P. Bloch,99 A. Bocci,99S. Bolognesi,99M. Bona,99H. Breuker,99K. Bunkowski,99T. Camporesi,99G. Cerminara,99
T. Christiansen,99J. A. Coarasa Perez,99B. Cure´,99D. D’Enterria,99A. De Roeck,99S. Di Guida,99 N. Dupont-Sagorin,99A. Elliott-Peisert,99B. Frisch,99W. Funk,99A. Gaddi,99G. Georgiou,99H. Gerwig,99
D. Gigi,99K. Gill,99D. Giordano,99F. Glege,99R. Gomez-Reino Garrido,99M. Gouzevitch,99P. Govoni,99 S. Gowdy,99R. Guida,99L. Guiducci,99M. Hansen,99C. Hartl,99J. Harvey,99J. Hegeman,99B. Hegner,99 H. F. Hoffmann,99V. Innocente,99P. Janot,99K. Kaadze,99E. Karavakis,99P. Lecoq,99P. Lenzi,99C. Lourenc¸o,99
T. Ma¨ki,99M. Malberti,99L. Malgeri,99M. Mannelli,99L. Masetti,99A. Maurisset,99G. Mavromanolakis,99 F. Meijers,99S. Mersi,99E. Meschi,99R. Moser,99M. U. Mozer,99M. Mulders,99E. Nesvold,99M. Nguyen,99 T. Orimoto,99L. Orsini,99E. Palencia Cortezon,99E. Perez,99A. Petrilli,99A. Pfeiffer,99M. Pierini,99M. Pimia¨,99
D. Piparo,99G. Polese,99L. Quertenmont,99A. Racz,99W. Reece,99J. Rodrigues Antunes,99G. Rolandi,99,dd T. Rommerskirchen,99C. Rovelli,99,eeM. Rovere,99H. Sakulin,99C. Scha¨fer,99C. Schwick,99I. Segoni,99 A. Sharma,99P. Siegrist,99P. Silva,99M. Simon,99P. Sphicas,99,ffD. Spiga,99M. Spiropulu,99,dM. Stoye,99
A. Tsirou,99P. Vichoudis,99H. K. Wo¨hri,99S. D. Worm,99,ssW. D. Zeuner,99W. Bertl,100K. Deiters,100 W. Erdmann,100K. Gabathuler,100R. Horisberger,100Q. Ingram,100H. C. Kaestli,100S. Ko¨nig,100D. Kotlinski,100
U. Langenegger,100F. Meier,100D. Renker,100T. Rohe,100J. Sibille,100,ggL. Ba¨ni,101P. Bortignon,101 L. Caminada,101,hhB. Casal,101N. Chanon,101Z. Chen,101S. Cittolin,101G. Dissertori,101M. Dittmar,101 J. Eugster,101K. Freudenreich,101C. Grab,101W. Hintz,101P. Lecomte,101W. Lustermann,101C. Marchica,101,hh
P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol,101P. Milenovic,101,iiF. Moortgat,101C. Na¨geli,101,hhP. Nef,101F. Nessi-Tedaldi,101 L. Pape,101F. Pauss,101T. Punz,101A. Rizzi,101F. J. Ronga,101M. Rossini,101L. Sala,101A. K. Sanchez,101 M.-C. Sawley,101A. Starodumov,101,jjB. Stieger,101M. Takahashi,101L. Tauscher,101,aA. Thea,101K. Theofilatos,101
D. Treille,101C. Urscheler,101R. Wallny,101M. Weber,101L. Wehrli,101J. Weng,101E. Aguilo,102C. Amsler,102 V. Chiochia,102S. De Visscher,102C. Favaro,102M. Ivova Rikova,102A. Jaeger,102B. Millan Mejias,102 P. Otiougova,102P. Robmann,102A. Schmidt,102H. Snoek,102Y. H. Chang,103K. H. Chen,103C. M. Kuo,103
S. W. Li,103W. Lin,103Z. K. Liu,103Y. J. Lu,103D. Mekterovic,103R. Volpe,103S. S. Yu,103P. Bartalini,104 P. Chang,104Y. H. Chang,104Y. W. Chang,104Y. Chao,104K. F. Chen,104C. Dietz,104U. Grundler,104W.-S. Hou,104
Y. Hsiung,104K. Y. Kao,104Y. J. Lei,104R.-S. Lu,104J. G. Shiu,104Y. M. Tzeng,104X. Wan,104M. Wang,104 A. Adiguzel,105M. N. Bakirci,105,kkS. Cerci,105,llC. Dozen,105I. Dumanoglu,105E. Eskut,105S. Girgis,105 G. Gokbulut,105I. Hos,105E. E. Kangal,105A. Kayis Topaksu,105G. Onengut,105K. Ozdemir,105S. Ozturk,105,mm
A. Polatoz,105K. Sogut,105,nnD. Sunar Cerci,105,llB. Tali,105,llH. Topakli,105,kkD. Uzun,105L. N. Vergili,105 M. Vergili,105I. V. Akin,106T. Aliev,106B. Bilin,106S. Bilmis,106M. Deniz,106H. Gamsizkan,106A. M. Guler,106 K. Ocalan,106A. Ozpineci,106M. Serin,106R. Sever,106U. E. Surat,106M. Yalvac,106E. Yildirim,106M. Zeyrek,106
M. Deliomeroglu,107D. Demir,107,ooE. Gu¨lmez,107B. Isildak,107M. Kaya,107,ppO. Kaya,107,ppM. O¨ zbek,107 S. Ozkorucuklu,107,qqN. Sonmez,107,rrL. Levchuk,108F. Bostock,109J. J. Brooke,109T. L. Cheng,109E. Clement,109
D. Cussans,109R. Frazier,109J. Goldstein,109M. Grimes,109G. P. Heath,109H. F. Heath,109L. Kreczko,109 S. Metson,109D. M. Newbold,109,ssK. Nirunpong,109A. Poll,109S. Senkin,109V. J. Smith,109L. Basso,110,tt K. W. Bell,110A. Belyaev,110,ttC. Brew,110R. M. Brown,110B. Camanzi,110D. J. A. Cockerill,110J. A. Coughlan,110
K. Harder,110S. Harper,110J. Jackson,110B. W. Kennedy,110E. Olaiya,110D. Petyt,110B. C. Radburn-Smith,110 C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous,110I. R. Tomalin,110W. J. Womersley,110R. Bainbridge,111G. Ball,111J. Ballin,111
R. Beuselinck,111O. Buchmuller,111D. Colling,111N. Cripps,111M. Cutajar,111G. Davies,111M. Della Negra,111 W. Ferguson,111J. Fulcher,111D. Futyan,111A. Gilbert,111A. Guneratne Bryer,111G. Hall,111Z. Hatherell,111
J. Hays,111G. Iles,111M. Jarvis,111G. Karapostoli,111L. Lyons,111A.-M. Magnan,111J. Marrouche,111 B. Mathias,111R. Nandi,111J. Nash,111A. Nikitenko,111,jjA. Papageorgiou,111M. Pesaresi,111K. Petridis,111
M. Pioppi,111,uuD. M. Raymond,111S. Rogerson,111N. Rompotis,111A. Rose,111M. J. Ryan,111C. Seez,111 P. Sharp,111A. Sparrow,111A. Tapper,111S. Tourneur,111M. Vazquez Acosta,111T. Virdee,111S. Wakefield,111
N. Wardle,111D. Wardrope,111T. Whyntie,111M. Barrett,112M. Chadwick,112J. E. Cole,112P. R. Hobson,112 A. Khan,112P. Kyberd,112D. Leslie,112W. Martin,112I. D. Reid,112L. Teodorescu,112K. Hatakeyama,113H. Liu,113
C. Henderson,114T. Bose,115E. Carrera Jarrin,115C. Fantasia,115A. Heister,115J. St. John,115P. Lawson,115 D. Lazic,115J. Rohlf,115D. Sperka,115L. Sulak,115A. Avetisyan,116S. Bhattacharya,116J. P. Chou,116D. Cutts,116
A. Ferapontov,116U. Heintz,116S. Jabeen,116G. Kukartsev,116G. Landsberg,116M. Luk,116M. Narain,116 D. Nguyen,116M. Segala,116T. Sinthuprasith,116T. Speer,116K. V. Tsang,116R. Breedon,117G. Breto,117 M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez,117S. Chauhan,117M. Chertok,117J. Conway,117R. Conway,117P. T. Cox,117
J. Dolen,117R. Erbacher,117R. Houtz,117W. Ko,117A. Kopecky,117R. Lander,117H. Liu,117O. Mall,117 S. Maruyama,117T. Miceli,117M. Nikolic,117D. Pellett,117J. Robles,117B. Rutherford,117S. Salur,117M. Searle,117
J. Smith,117M. Squires,117M. Tripathi,117R. Vasquez Sierra,117V. Andreev,118K. Arisaka,118D. Cline,118 R. Cousins,118A. Deisher,118J. Duris,118S. Erhan,118C. Farrell,118J. Hauser,118M. Ignatenko,118C. Jarvis,118
C. Plager,118G. Rakness,118P. Schlein,118,aJ. Tucker,118V. Valuev,118J. Babb,119R. Clare,119J. Ellison,119 J. W. Gary,119F. Giordano,119G. Hanson,119G. Y. Jeng,119S. C. Kao,119H. Liu,119O. R. Long,119A. Luthra,119 H. Nguyen,119S. Paramesvaran,119J. Sturdy,119S. Sumowidagdo,119R. Wilken,119S. Wimpenny,119W. Andrews,120 J. G. Branson,120G. B. Cerati,120D. Evans,120F. Golf,120A. Holzner,120R. Kelley,120M. Lebourgeois,120J. Letts,120
B. Mangano,120S. Padhi,120C. Palmer,120G. Petrucciani,120H. Pi,120M. Pieri,120R. Ranieri,120M. Sani,120 V. Sharma,120S. Simon,120E. Sudano,120M. Tadel,120Y. Tu,120A. Vartak,120S. Wasserbaech,120,vvF. Wu¨rthwein,120
A. Yagil,120J. Yoo,120D. Barge,121R. Bellan,121C. Campagnari,121M. D’Alfonso,121T. Danielson,121 K. Flowers,121P. Geffert,121J. Incandela,121C. Justus,121P. Kalavase,121S. A. Koay,121D. Kovalskyi,121,b
V. Krutelyov,121S. Lowette,121N. Mccoll,121S. D. Mullin,121V. Pavlunin,121F. Rebassoo,121J. Ribnik,121 J. Richman,121R. Rossin,121D. Stuart,121W. To,121J. R. Vlimant,121C. West,121A. Apresyan,122A. Bornheim,122
J. Bunn,122Y. Chen,122J. Duarte,122M. Gataullin,122Y. Ma,122A. Mott,122H. B. Newman,122C. Rogan,122 K. Shin,122V. Timciuc,122P. Traczyk,122J. Veverka,122R. Wilkinson,122Y. Yang,122R. Y. Zhu,122B. Akgun,123
R. Carroll,123T. Ferguson,123Y. Iiyama,123D. W. Jang,123S. Y. Jun,123Y. F. Liu,123M. Paulini,123J. Russ,123 H. Vogel,123I. Vorobiev,123J. P. Cumalat,124M. E. Dinardo,124B. R. Drell,124C. J. Edelmaier,124W. T. Ford,124 A. Gaz,124B. Heyburn,124E. Luiggi Lopez,124U. Nauenberg,124J. G. Smith,124K. Stenson,124K. A. Ulmer,124 S. R. Wagner,124S. L. Zang,124L. Agostino,125J. Alexander,125A. Chatterjee,125N. Eggert,125L. K. Gibbons,125
B. Heltsley,125W. Hopkins,125A. Khukhunaishvili,125B. Kreis,125G. Nicolas Kaufman,125J. R. Patterson,125 D. Puigh,125A. Ryd,125E. Salvati,125X. Shi,125W. Sun,125W. D. Teo,125J. Thom,125J. Thompson,125J. Vaughan,125
Y. Weng,125L. Winstrom,125P. Wittich,125A. Biselli,126G. Cirino,126D. Winn,126S. Abdullin,127M. Albrow,127 J. Anderson,127G. Apollinari,127M. Atac,127J. A. Bakken,127L. A. T. Bauerdick,127A. Beretvas,127J. Berryhill,127
P. C. Bhat,127I. Bloch,127K. Burkett,127J. N. Butler,127V. Chetluru,127H. W. K. Cheung,127F. Chlebana,127 S. Cihangir,127W. Cooper,127D. P. Eartly,127V. D. Elvira,127S. Esen,127I. Fisk,127J. Freeman,127Y. Gao,127 E. Gottschalk,127D. Green,127O. Gutsche,127J. Hanlon,127R. M. Harris,127J. Hirschauer,127B. Hooberman,127 H. Jensen,127S. Jindariani,127M. Johnson,127U. Joshi,127B. Klima,127K. Kousouris,127S. Kunori,127S. Kwan,127 C. Leonidopoulos,127P. Limon,127D. Lincoln,127R. Lipton,127J. Lykken,127K. Maeshima,127J. M. Marraffino,127 D. Mason,127P. McBride,127T. Miao,127K. Mishra,127S. Mrenna,127Y. Musienko,127,wwC. Newman-Holmes,127 V. O’Dell,127J. Pivarski,127R. Pordes,127O. Prokofyev,127T. Schwarz,127E. Sexton-Kennedy,127S. Sharma,127
W. J. Spalding,127L. Spiegel,127P. Tan,127L. Taylor,127S. Tkaczyk,127L. Uplegger,127E. W. Vaandering,127 R. Vidal,127J. Whitmore,127W. Wu,127F. Yang,127F. Yumiceva,127J. C. Yun,127D. Acosta,128P. Avery,128 D. Bourilkov,128M. Chen,128S. Das,128M. De Gruttola,128G. P. Di Giovanni,128D. Dobur,128A. Drozdetskiy,128
R. D. Field,128M. Fisher,128Y. Fu,128I. K. Furic,128J. Gartner,128S. Goldberg,128J. Hugon,128B. Kim,128 J. Konigsberg,128A. Korytov,128A. Kropivnitskaya,128T. Kypreos,128J. F. Low,128K. Matchev,128 G. Mitselmakher,128L. Muniz,128P. Myeonghun,128R. Remington,128A. Rinkevicius,128M. Schmitt,128 B. Scurlock,128P. Sellers,128N. Skhirtladze,128M. Snowball,128D. Wang,128J. Yelton,128M. Zakaria,128 V. Gaultney,129L. M. Lebolo,129S. Linn,129P. Markowitz,129G. Martinez,129J. L. Rodriguez,129T. Adams,130
A. Askew,130J. Bochenek,130J. Chen,130B. Diamond,130S. V. Gleyzer,130J. Haas,130S. Hagopian,130 V. Hagopian,130M. Jenkins,130K. F. Johnson,130H. Prosper,130S. Sekmen,130V. Veeraraghavan,130 M. M. Baarmand,131B. Dorney,131M. Hohlmann,131H. Kalakhety,131I. Vodopiyanov,131M. R. Adams,132 I. M. Anghel,132L. Apanasevich,132Y. Bai,132V. E. Bazterra,132R. R. Betts,132J. Callner,132R. Cavanaugh,132 C. Dragoiu,132L. Gauthier,132C. E. Gerber,132D. J. Hofman,132S. Khalatyan,132G. J. Kunde,132,xxF. Lacroix,132 M. Malek,132C. O’Brien,132C. Silkworth,132C. Silvestre,132A. Smoron,132D. Strom,132N. Varelas,132U. Akgun,133
E. A. Albayrak,133B. Bilki,133W. Clarida,133F. Duru,133C. K. Lae,133E. McCliment,133J.-P. Merlo,133 H. Mermerkaya,133,yyA. Mestvirishvili,133A. Moeller,133J. Nachtman,133C. R. Newsom,133E. Norbeck,133 J. Olson,133Y. Onel,133F. Ozok,133S. Sen,133J. Wetzel,133T. Yetkin,133K. Yi,133B. A. Barnett,134B. Blumenfeld,134 A. Bonato,134C. Eskew,134D. Fehling,134G. Giurgiu,134A. V. Gritsan,134Z. J. Guo,134G. Hu,134P. Maksimovic,134
S. Rappoccio,134M. Swartz,134N. V. Tran,134A. Whitbeck,134P. Baringer,135A. Bean,135G. Benelli,135 O. Grachov,135R. P. Kenny Iii,135M. Murray,135D. Noonan,135S. Sanders,135R. Stringer,135J. S. Wood,135 V. Zhukova,135A. F. Barfuss,136T. Bolton,136I. Chakaberia,136A. Ivanov,136S. Khalil,136M. Makouski,136 Y. Maravin,136S. Shrestha,136I. Svintradze,136J. Gronberg,137D. Lange,137D. Wright,137A. Baden,138 M. Boutemeur,138S. C. Eno,138D. Ferencek,138J. A. Gomez,138N. J. Hadley,138R. G. Kellogg,138M. Kirn,138
Y. Lu,138A. C. Mignerey,138K. Rossato,138P. Rumerio,138F. Santanastasio,138A. Skuja,138J. Temple,138 M. B. Tonjes,138S. C. Tonwar,138E. Twedt,138B. Alver,139G. Bauer,139J. Bendavid,139W. Busza,139E. Butz,139
I. A. Cali,139M. Chan,139V. Dutta,139P. Everaerts,139G. Gomez Ceballos,139M. Goncharov,139K. A. Hahn,139 P. Harris,139Y. Kim,139M. Klute,139Y.-J. Lee,139W. Li,139C. Loizides,139P. D. Luckey,139T. Ma,139S. Nahn,139
C. Paus,139D. Ralph,139C. Roland,139G. Roland,139M. Rudolph,139G. S. F. Stephans,139F. Sto¨ckli,139 K. Sumorok,139K. Sung,139D. Velicanu,139E. A. Wenger,139R. Wolf,139B. Wyslouch,139S. Xie,139M. Yang,139
Y. Yilmaz,139A. S. Yoon,139M. Zanetti,139S. I. Cooper,140P. Cushman,140B. Dahmes,140A. De Benedetti,140 G. Franzoni,140A. Gude,140J. Haupt,140K. Klapoetke,140Y. Kubota,140J. Mans,140N. Pastika,140V. Rekovic,140 R. Rusack,140M. Sasseville,140A. Singovsky,140N. Tambe,140J. Turkewitz,140L. M. Cremaldi,141R. Godang,141
R. Kroeger,141L. Perera,141R. Rahmat,141D. A. Sanders,141D. Summers,141K. Bloom,142S. Bose,142J. Butt,142 D. R. Claes,142A. Dominguez,142M. Eads,142P. Jindal,142J. Keller,142T. Kelly,142I. Kravchenko,142 J. Lazo-Flores,142H. Malbouisson,142S. Malik,142G. R. Snow,142U. Baur,143A. Godshalk,143I. Iashvili,143
S. Jain,143A. Kharchilava,143A. Kumar,143K. Smith,143Z. Wan,143G. Alverson,144E. Barberis,144 D. Baumgartel,144O. Boeriu,144M. Chasco,144S. Reucroft,144J. Swain,144D. Trocino,144D. Wood,144J. Zhang,144
A. Anastassov,145A. Kubik,145N. Mucia,145N. Odell,145R. A. Ofierzynski,145B. Pollack,145A. Pozdnyakov,145 M. Schmitt,145S. Stoynev,145M. Velasco,145S. Won,145L. Antonelli,146D. Berry,146A. Brinkerhoff,146 M. Hildreth,146C. Jessop,146D. J. Karmgard,146J. Kolb,146T. Kolberg,146K. Lannon,146W. Luo,146S. Lynch,146
N. Marinelli,146D. M. Morse,146T. Pearson,146R. Ruchti,146J. Slaunwhite,146N. Valls,146M. Wayne,146 J. Ziegler,146B. Bylsma,147L. S. Durkin,147C. Hill,147P. Killewald,147K. Kotov,147T. Y. Ling,147M. Rodenburg,147
C. Vuosalo,147G. Williams,147N. Adam,148E. Berry,148P. Elmer,148D. Gerbaudo,148V. Halyo,148P. Hebda,148 A. Hunt,148E. Laird,148D. Lopes Pegna,148D. Marlow,148T. Medvedeva,148M. Mooney,148J. Olsen,148P. Piroue´,148 X. Quan,148H. Saka,148D. Stickland,148C. Tully,148J. S. Werner,148A. Zuranski,148J. G. Acosta,149X. T. Huang,149
A. Lopez,149H. Mendez,149S. Oliveros,149J. E. Ramirez Vargas,149A. Zatserklyaniy,149E. Alagoz,150 V. E. Barnes,150G. Bolla,150L. Borrello,150D. Bortoletto,150M. De Mattia,150A. Everett,150L. Gutay,150Z. Hu,150
M. Jones,150O. Koybasi,150M. Kress,150A. T. Laasanen,150N. Leonardo,150V. Maroussov,150P. Merkel,150 D. H. Miller,150N. Neumeister,150I. Shipsey,150D. Silvers,150A. Svyatkovskiy,150M. Vidal Marono,150 H. D. Yoo,150J. Zablocki,150Y. Zheng,150S. Guragain,151N. Parashar,151A. Adair,152C. Boulahouache,152 K. M. Ecklund,152F. J. M. Geurts,152B. P. Padley,152R. Redjimi,152J. Roberts,152J. Zabel,152B. Betchart,153
A. Bodek,153Y. S. Chung,153R. Covarelli,153P. de Barbaro,153R. Demina,153Y. Eshaq,153H. Flacher,153 A. Garcia-Bellido,153P. Goldenzweig,153Y. Gotra,153J. Han,153A. Harel,153D. C. Miner,153G. Petrillo,153 W. Sakumoto,153D. Vishnevskiy,153M. Zielinski,153A. Bhatti,154R. Ciesielski,154L. Demortier,154K. Goulianos,154 G. Lungu,154S. Malik,154C. Mesropian,154S. Arora,155O. Atramentov,155A. Barker,155C. Contreras-Campana,155 E. Contreras-Campana,155D. Duggan,155Y. Gershtein,155R. Gray,155E. Halkiadakis,155D. Hidas,155D. Hits,155 A. Lath,155S. Panwalkar,155M. Park,155R. Patel,155A. Richards,155K. Rose,155S. Schnetzer,155S. Somalwar,155
R. Stone,155S. Thomas,155G. Cerizza,156M. Hollingsworth,156S. Spanier,156Z. C. Yang,156A. York,156 R. Eusebi,157W. Flanagan,157J. Gilmore,157A. Gurrola,157T. Kamon,157V. Khotilovich,157R. Montalvo,157 I. Osipenkov,157Y. Pakhotin,157A. Perloff,157J. Roe,157A. Safonov,157S. Sengupta,157I. Suarez,157A. Tatarinov,157
D. Toback,157N. Akchurin,158C. Bardak,158J. Damgov,158P. R. Dudero,158C. Jeong,158K. Kovitanggoon,158 S. W. Lee,158T. Libeiro,158P. Mane,158Y. Roh,158A. Sill,158I. Volobouev,158R. Wigmans,158E. Yazgan,158 E. Appelt,159E. Brownson,159D. Engh,159C. Florez,159W. Gabella,159M. Issah,159W. Johns,159C. Johnston,159
P. Kurt,159C. Maguire,159A. Melo,159P. Sheldon,159B. Snook,159S. Tuo,159J. Velkovska,159M. W. Arenton,160 M. Balazs,160S. Boutle,160B. Cox,160B. Francis,160S. Goadhouse,160J. Goodell,160R. Hirosky,160A. Ledovskoy,160
C. Lin,160C. Neu,160J. Wood,160R. Yohay,160S. Gollapinni,161R. Harr,161P. E. Karchin,161 C. Kottachchi Kankanamge Don,161P. Lamichhane,161M. Mattson,161C. Milste`ne,161A. Sakharov,161 M. Anderson,162M. Bachtis,162D. Belknap,162J. N. Bellinger,162D. Carlsmith,162M. Cepeda,162S. Dasu,162 J. Efron,162E. Friis,162L. Gray,162K. S. Grogg,162M. Grothe,162R. Hall-Wilton,162M. Herndon,162A. Herve´,162
P. Klabbers,162J. Klukas,162A. Lanaro,162C. Lazaridis,162J. Leonard,162R. Loveless,162A. Mohapatra,162 I. Ojalvo,162W. Parker,162I. Ross,162A. Savin,162W. H. Smith,162J. Swanson,162and M. Weinberg162
(CMS Collaboration)
1Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia 2Institut fu¨r Hochenergiephysik der OeAW, Wien, Austria 3National Centre for Particle and High Energy Physics, Minsk, Belarus
4Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium 5Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium 6
Universite´ Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
7Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
8Universite´ Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium 9Universite´ de Mons, Mons, Belgium
10Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 11Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
12Instituto de Fisica Teorica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil 13Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria
14University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria 15Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
16State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China 17Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
18Technical University of Split, Split, Croatia 19University of Split, Split, Croatia 20
Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
21University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus 22Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
23Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt,
Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
24National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia 25
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
26Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland 27Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
28Laboratoire d’Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, IN2P3-CNRS, Annecy-le-Vieux, France 29DSM/IRFU, CEA/Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
30Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
31Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Universite´ de Strasbourg, Universite´ de Haute Alsace Mulhouse,
CNRS/IN2P3, Strasbourg, France
32Centre de Calcul de l’Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3),
Villeurbanne, France
33Universite´ de Lyon, Universite´ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucle´aire de Lyon,
Villeurbanne, France
34Institute of High Energy Physics and Informatization, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia 35RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
36RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany 37RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany
38
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
39University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany 40Institut fu¨r Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe, Germany 41Institute of Nuclear Physics ‘‘Demokritos,’’ Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
42University of Athens, Athens, Greece 43University of Ioa´nnina, Ioa´nnina, Greece
44KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary 45Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
46University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary 47
Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
48University of Delhi, Delhi, India 49Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
50Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India 51Tata Institute of Fundamental Research–EHEP, Mumbai, India 52Tata Institute of Fundamental Research– HECR, Mumbai, India 53Institute for Research and Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
54aINFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy 54bUniversita` di Bari, Bari, Italy 54cPolitecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy 55aINFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
55bUniversita` di Bologna, Bologna, Italy 56aINFN Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
56bUniversita` di Catania, Catania, Italy 57aINFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
57bUniversita` di Firenze, Firenze, Italy 58
INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
59INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy 60aINFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
60bUniversita` di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy 61aINFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy 61bUniversita` di Napoli ‘‘Federico II,’’ Napoli, Italy
62aINFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy 62bUniversita` di Padova, Padova, Italy 62cUniversita` di Trento (Trento), Padova, Italy
63aINFN Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy 63bUniversita` di Pavia, Pavia, Italy 64aINFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
64bUniversita` di Perugia, Perugia, Italy 65aINFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
65b
Universita` di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
65cScuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Pisa, Italy 66aINFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy 66bUniversita` di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza,’’ Roma, Italy
67aINFN Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy 67bUniversita` di Torino, Torino, Italy
67cUniversita` del Piemonte Orientale (Novara), Torino, Italy 68aINFN Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
68bUniversita` di Trieste, Trieste, Italy 69Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
70Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
71Chonnam National University, Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea 72Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
73Korea University, Seoul, Korea 74University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea 75Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
76
Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
77Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico 78Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
79Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico 80Universidad Auto´noma de San Luis Potosı´, San Luis Potosı´, Mexico
81University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand 82University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
83National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 84Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
85Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland
86Laborato´rio de Instrumentac¸a˜o e Fı´sica Experimental de Partı´culas, Lisboa, Portugal 87Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
88Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St Petersburg), Russia 89Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
90Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia 91Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
92P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
93State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia 94University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
95Centro de Investigaciones Energe´ticas Medioambientales y Tecnolo´gicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain 96Universidad Auto´noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
97Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
98Instituto de Fı´sica de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain 99
CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
100Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
101Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 102Universita¨t Zu¨rich, Zurich, Switzerland
103National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan 104National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
105Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
106Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey 107Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
108
National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
109University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom 110Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
111Imperial College, London, United Kingdom 112Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
113Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
114The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA 115Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 116Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA 117University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA 118University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
119University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA 120University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA 121
University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
122California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA 123Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA 124University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
125Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA 126Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA 127Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
128University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA 129Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
130Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA 131Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA 132University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, Illinois, USA
133The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA 134Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
135The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA 136Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA 137
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
138University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA 139Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
140University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA 141University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA 142University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA 143State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
144Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 145Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA 146University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
147The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA 148Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA 149University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 150Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA 151Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, Indiana, USA
152Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA 153University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA 154The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
155Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA 156University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
157Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA 158Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA 159Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 160
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
161Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA 162University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
aDeceased.
bAlso at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland. cAlso at Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil.
dAlso at California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.
eAlso at Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France. fAlso at Suez Canal University, Suez, Egypt.
gAlso at Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. hAlso at British University, Cairo, Egypt.
jAlso at Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
kAlso at Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland. lAlso at Universite´ de Haute-Alsace, Mulhouse, France. mAlso at Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
nAlso at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany. oAlso at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. pAlso at Eo¨tvo¨s Lora´nd University, Budapest, Hungary.
qAlso at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research–HECR, Mumbai, India. rAlso at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India.
sAlso at Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. tAlso at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran. uAlso at Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
vAlso at Facolta` Ingegneria Universita` di Roma, Roma, Italy. wAlso at Universita` della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy.
x
Also at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro dell’ INFN, Legnaro, Italy.
yAlso at Universita` degli studi di Siena, Siena, Italy.
zAlso at Faculty of Physics of University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. aaAlso at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. bbAlso at University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
ccAlso at Universite´ de Gene`ve, Geneva, Switzerland. ddAlso at Scuola Normale e Sezione dell’ INFN, Pisa, Italy.
eeAlso at INFN Sezione di Roma, Universita` di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza,’’ Roma, Italy. ffAlso at University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
ggAlso at The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA. hhAlso at Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland.
iiAlso at University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia. jjAlso at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia.
kkAlso at Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey. llAlso at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey. mm
Also at The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
nnAlso at Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
ooAlso at Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey. ppAlso at Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
qqAlso at Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. rrAlso at Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
ssAlso at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom.
ttAlso at School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom. uuAlso at INFN Sezione di Perugia, Universita` di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
vvAlso at Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah, USA. wwAlso at Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia.
xxAlso at Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA. yyAlso at Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey.
