Logiciel Libre Cours 0 — Presentation

(1)

Logiciel Libre

Cours 0 — Presentation

Stefano Zacchiroli

zack@pps.univ-paris-diderot.fr

Laboratoire IRIF, Université Paris Diderot

2016–2017

URL http://upsilon.cc/zack/teaching/1617/loglib/

License Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en_US

Stefano Zacchiroli (Paris Diderot) Presentation 2016–2017 1 / 11

(2)

Free Software

Definition (Free Software — a definition)

Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) is computer software that gives users the freedom torunthe software for any purpose as well as to study,modify, anddistributethe original software and the adapted versions.

How is that different from “usual” (proprietary) software ? Let’s look at a sample EULA :

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/Useterms/OEM/Windows/ 10/UseTerms_OEM_Windows_10_English.htm(July 2015)

(3)

Free Software

How is that different from “usual” (proprietary) software ?

Let’s look at a sample EULA :

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/Useterms/OEM/Windows/ 10/UseTerms_OEM_Windows_10_English.htm(July 2015)

(4)

Free Software

How is that different from “usual” (proprietary) software ? Let’s look at a sample EULA :

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/Useterms/OEM/Windows/

10/UseTerms_OEM_Windows_10_English.htm(July 2015)

(5)

Why bother ? — as citizens

Lester picked up a screwdriver. “You see this ? It’s a tool.

You can pick it up and you can unscrew stuff or screw stuff in. You can use the handle for a hammer. You can use the blade to open paint cans. You can throw it away, loan it out, or paint it purple and frame it.” He thumped the printer. “This [ Disney in a Box ] thing is a tool, too, but it’s not your tool. It belongs to someone else — Disney. It isn’t interested in listening to you or obeying you. It doesn’t want to give you more control over your life.” [. . . ]

“If you don’t control your life, you’re miserable. Think of the people who don’t get to run their own lives : prisoners, reform-school kids, mental patients. There’s something inherently awful about living like that.Autonomy makes us happy.”

— Cory Doctorow, Makers http:// craphound.com/ makers/

(6)

Why bother ? — as computer scientists

Free Software hasradically changed the way software is : developed

tested proven conceived marketed

sold

maintained taught deployed . . .

(7)

Why bother ? — as IT professionals

Free Software is everywhere

participation in Free Software : a big plus on CVs

in France : ≈10% of IT GDP in 2014 (≈4 BEUR), constantly growing in spite of the crisis

More info :

http://cnll.fr/static/pdf/pac-logiciels-libres-2015.pdf

(8)

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Le marché Logiciel Libre Open Source So4ware en France

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Le marché Logiciel Libre Open Source So4ware en France

Le marché du logiciel libre en France

2015

Enquête logiciels libres Novembre 2015 - Confidentiel 2

10%

14%

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

9.0%

10.0%

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Croissances comparées du marché du Logiciel Libre Open Spurce So7ware et du

marché des logiciels et des services en France

Marché kogiciel et service francais

Marché Logiciel Libre Open Source SoEware en France Meuros

Le logiciel libre en % du marché des logiciels et services informatiques

Un poids conséquent: 50 000 emplois

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

9.0%

10.0%

Marché Logiciel Libre Open Source SoEware en France 0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

9.0%

10.0%

Marché Logiciel Libre Open Source SoEware en France

(9)

Une croissance globale à deux chiffres est attendue pour les revenus associés aux logiciels libres

Enquête logiciels libres Novembre 2015 - Confidentiel 2015 7

0% 1% 0%

10%

1%

14% 13%

60%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Baisse de plus de 10%

Baisse de 5% à 10%

Baisse de moins de 5%

Stable Hausse de moins de 5%

Hausse de 5% à 10%

Hausse de plus de 10%

Hausse de plus de 20%

Evolution du chiffre d’affaire Logiciel Libre/Open Source Software attendu d'ici à 2020 en France

Part en % des répondants, N=70

Commentaire PAC: La croissance attendue des logiciels libres suit les tendances de marché les plus porteuses comme le Cloud computing (SaaS) et la transformation numérique. Ces deux axes sont des sujets porteurs pour les logiciels libres.

(10)

This course — topics

An introduction to Free Software topics, along the following axes history

philosophy legal

management / organization technical

Feedback from others, with external speakers companies

professionals

organizations / non-profits

(11)

This course — organization

Teaching (CM) :

2

3 lectures

1

3 external speakers (usual time)

Practice (TD/TP) :

11 sessions, alternating TD and TP as needed

(12)

This course — evaluation

1 exam

2 TD

ñ exercises

ñ short essays on selected topics, including external speaker interventions

3 project(mandatory, not CC)

ñ relevantcode contributionto an existing,major Free Software project. Examples and guidance will be provided during TP

ñ exclusion criteria :

“pour le cours de Logiciel Libre de M. Zacchiroli je dois contribuer un patch à votre projet, pourriez vous m’aider s’ils vous plaît ?”

⇒do the above, and your project note will be 0

Final note

1e session : 50% exam + 50% project 2e session : 50% exam + 50% project

(13)

This course — teaching material

http://upsilon.cc/zack/teaching/1617/loglib/

Some material reused/adapted—as permitted by license terms and/or authors directly—from :

Máster Universitario en Software Libre, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain) http://docencia.etsit.urjc.es/

moodle/course/category.php?id=34 Cours de Logiciel Libre de Roberto Di Cosmo

http://dicosmo.org/CourseNotes/LogicielLibre/

Addendum :

as separate slide decks

orally →take notes(also during external speaker interventions)

(14)

Textbooks

Joshua Gay, Richard M. Stallman

Free Software, Free Society : Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman 2009

http://www.gnu.org/doc/fsfs-ii-2.pdf Van Lindberg

Intellectual Property and Open Source : A Practical Guide to Protecting Code

O’Reilly Media, 2008 Eric S. Raymond

The Cathedral and the Bazaar : Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary

O’Reilly Media, 1999

http://catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/

Karl Fogel

Producing Open Source Software : How to Run a Successful Free Software Project

O’Reilly Media, 2005

http://producingoss.com/

(15)

Q&A

?