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Survey and modeling: from the process to a methodology

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Resultado del Primer Congreso Internacional sobre Conservación de Sitios Mixtos — organizado en el marco de la Feria Nacional del Libro de la Be- nemérita Universidad Autónoma

In a previous study, we identified a number of Copy Number Variants (CNVs) by high- resolution array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization (a-CGH) analysis of the X chromosome, including

Per quanto riguarda il primo aspetto, il volume offre garanzie 'a scatola chiusa', dato il profilo dei due coautori: Ilvo Diamanti, politologo che negli anni si è

We start the construction of a new layer of analysis of multi-frequency CMB datasets, to be exploited prior to component separation, designed to discern the right

European Project GrapeGen 06 - Grapevine Genetic Resources.. European Grapevine Catalogue: Towards a

A different membrane permeability for ALY and azoALY was observed in experimental membrane permeability assays while using GUVs and LUVs: increased calcein release form GUVs

Olaparib maintenance therapy in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed serous ovarian cancer: a preplanned retrospective analysis of outcomes by BRCA status in a randomised phase

Keywords: open collaborative network; workflow; business rule; web ontology; data 42..