Argamassa armada. Textile reinforced concrete, social inclusion through technology and design

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POLITECNICO DI MILANO

Scuola di Ingegneria Edile - Architettura

Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Edile-Architettura

Accademic year 2018-2019

Argamassa armada

Textile Reinforced Concrete, social inclusion through technology and design

Supervisor: Massimo TADI

Co-Supervisor: Alberto BOLOGNA

Co-Supervisor: Patricia GUAITA

Co-Supervisor: Gabriele MASERA

Author: Francesca PEREGO

2 4.1 6

South West Facade, scale 1:50

2 4.1 7

South East Facade, scale 1:50

2 4.1 8

North East Facade, scale 1:50

2 4.1 8

Render

4.2 Technological design

2 4.2 1

Technological solutions, scale 1:10

2 4.2 2

Technological solutions, scale 1:10

2 4.2 3

Technological solutions, scale 1:10

2 4.2 4

Technological solutions, scale 1:10

2 4.2 5

Technological solutions, scale 1:10

2 4.2 6

Technical details,scale 1:5

2 4.2 7

Technical details,scale1:5

2 4.2 8

Technical details, scale1:5

2 4.2 9

Technical details, scale1:5

2 4.2 10

Technical details,scale 1:5

2 4.2 11 Blow up, scale 1:20

2 4.2 12 Blow up, scale 1:20 2 4.2 13 Ground floor,scale 1:50 2 4.2 14 First floor,scale 1:50 2 4.2 15 Second floor,scale 1:50 2 4.2 14 Terrace, scale 1:50 4.3 Structural design

2 4.3 1

Structural plants, scale 1:100

2 4.3 2

Structural section a-a scale 1:50

2 4.3 3

Structural section b-b scale 1:50

2 4.3 4

Structural details

A3 board, Table of contents:

2 Project framing by IMM Methodology, Phase I the local scale 2 2.2 1

IMM horizontal analysis Volume, scale 1:1000

2 2.2 2

IMM horizontal analysis Voids, scale 1:1000

2 2.2 3

IMM horizontal analysis Functions, scale 1:1000

2 2.2 4

IMM horizontal analysis Transportation, scale 1:1000

2 2.2 5

IMM vertical analysis Diversity, scale 1:1000

2 2.2 6

IMM vertical analysis Accessibility, scale 1:1000

2 2.2 7

IMM vertical analysis Interface, scale 1:1000

2 2.2 8

IMM vertical analysis Effectiveness, scale 1:1000

2 2.2 9

IMM vertical analysis Proximity, scale 1:1000

2 2.2 10

IMM vertical analysis Porosity, scale 1:1000

3 IMM phase II modifi cation

2 3 1

Project area

2 3 2

Pilot project effectiveness

2 3 3

Conceptplan, scale 1:500

2 3 4

Conceptual section, scale 1:500

2 3 5

Masterplan, scale 1:500

2 3 6

Masterplan, scale 1:200

4 O ateliê

4.1 Architectural design

2 4.1 1

Ground floor and First floor, scale 1:100

2 4.1 2

Second floor and Terrace, scale 1:100

2 4.1 3

Sections a-a and b-b, scale 1:100

2 4.1 4

Sections a-a and b-b, scale 1:100

2 4.1 5

North West Facade, scale 1:50

2 4.3 5

Structure 3D

2 4.3 6

Structure 3D

2 4.3 7

Structure section 3D

4.4 Energy and lighting analysis 2 4.4 1

Energetic scheme Winter season

2 4.4 2

Energetic scheme Summer season

2 4.4 3

Light analysis Ground floor and First floor

2 4.4 4

Light analysis Second floor

2 4.4 5

Light analysis Second floor

5 IMM phase III retrofi t

2 5 1

IMM horizontal analysis Volume, scale 1:1000

2 5 2

IMM horizontal analysis Voids, scale 1:1000

2 5 3

IMM horizontal analysis Functions, scale 1:1000

2 5 4

IMM horizontal analysis Transportation, scale 1:1000

2 5 5

IMM vertical analysis Diversity, scale 1:1000

2 5 6

IMM vertical analysis Accessibility, scale 1:1000

2 5 7

IMM vertical analysis Interface, scale 1:1000

2 5 8

IMM vertical analysis Effectiveness, scale 1:1000

2 5 9

IMM vertical analysis Proximity, scale 1:1000

2 5 10

IMM vertical analysis Porosity, scale 1:1000

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Volume

The analysis stress put the high density of the neigh-borhood. In detail the density percentage is equal to the 84%, higher than the 80% in average of the whole favela. The main voids are given by the vehicle accessible cars as the Estrada da Gavea and the Rua 2. Between the volumes is recognizable the shape of the Rua 1 that cross the buildings on the top part connecting them with the Estrada da Gavea. All the other voids are mainly a consequence of the steep topography that characterize the North-East side of the area. In fact the topography is the main actor in defining the urban morphology together with the main roads which are the main catalyst of the urban scenario.

Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

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Voids

Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

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Function

The function were checked and spotted during the site survey in October 2018. Non the less to spot the main public functions as schools, health services, garbage collecting points etc. the PAC 2 report, pub-lished by the municipality of Rio de Janeiro was taken as reference. The analysis highlight how almost any functions is located on the proximity or facing the Es-trada da Gavea or the Rua 2. As seen in the global analysis Estrada da Gavea confirms its role in being the main attractive spot for function and services in-side the favela leaving the majority of the built area isolated. Moreover the analysis underlines a structur-al lack of basic public services as schools and hestructur-alth structures on the area.

Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

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Transportation

Bus stop Bus Catchment Taxi bus stop Taxi bus Catchment

Moto taxi bus Moto taxi Catchment

4

Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Horizontal analysis, Transportation 2 2.2

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Diversity

Diversity is the superimposition of the Voids and the Functions layers. The key functions previously spotted were subdivided in three key categories: Necessary regular activities: health services, waste collection and food market (NR); Necessary occasional ac-tivities: bank/atm, post offices and shopping(NO); Optional activities: bar, restaurants and sport facil-ities(OP);

The Walkalytics demo was used once again to define the catchment area. The diversity highlight which cat-egory of function is the most diffused and the reach-able by the majority of the area. In the case of the top par of the area 3 is visible how the most diffuse func-tion are the ones belonging to the category 2, NO, and that the regular activities are lacking. Moreover the majority of them are food market. Once again the is clear and critical the isolation of the North-East part of the area, that is far away from accessible roads. Bank/atm Post office Health services Education services Sport services Waste collection Shopping Market (food) Bar/Restourant NECESSARY REGULAR ACTIVITIES NECESSARY OCCA-SIONAL ACTIVITIES OPTIONAL ACTIVITIES NR NO OP

5

Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Diversity 2 2.2

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Accessibility

Accessibility is the superimposition of the Transporta-tion and the FuncTransporta-tions layers. This analysis is focused on evaluating the degree of accessibility of the area spotting the less accessible areas to improve them. This specific analysis obtained by overlapping the horizontal layers, confirms previous statement about how both transportations and functions are located on the main roads and this one are well connected among each other.

Moto taxi bus Moto taxi Catchment Bank/Atm Post office Health services Education services Sport services Waste collection Shopping Market (food) Bar/restaurant

6

Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Accessibility 2 2.2

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Interface

Interface is obtained by the superposition of Trans-portation and voids. Interface is an indicator of the quality of the network and a clever tool to observe the urban morphology highlighting the efficiency of the connections between voids and urban flow net-work. In other words, Interface is an indicator of the quality of movement provided by the street networks. On the global scale it was one of the most important indicator, on the other hand at the local scale it has few impact since is largely affected by changes on the whole network rather than by local ones. To evaluate the interface quality was employed the software for the University College of London “UCL Depthmap” The color scale is proportional to the quality of the connection link: a warm color indicates a well-con-nected and safe street network; meanwhile, a cold color indicates a bad connected street. The Analysis show how the Estrada da Gavea is well connected as the Rua 2. On the other hand the residential North-East part is badly connected, in detail it is visible the path of the Rua 1 which is the main spine of all this residential area. Focusing on the top part of the area 3 is clear how connecting the top part of the Rua 2 with the Rua 1could be useful to improve the scarce level of connection of this whole neighborhood.

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Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Interface 2 2.2

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4

1

4

1

5

3

2

6

4

7

5

2

5

6

7

6

2

6

5

6

7

3

7

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7

3

2

5

1

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1

3 Effectiveness

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

As for the analysis on the global scale it was consid-ered the potential gradient of the Effectiveness Key category to be zero since i t is unrealistic to plan for any future urban development in such dense area. Despite global analysis the reference grid was re-duced to 20 x 20 meters. The highest level of effec-tiveness are located on the Estrada da Gavea. More-over, the level of effectiveness along the Rua 2 is still hight thanks to the2 bus stop at the beginning of Rua 2 on Estrada da Gavea. Once again, in according to previous investigations the Rua 1 and the North/East area have no capability in terms of transportation.

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Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Effectiveness 2 2.2

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Proximity is the superimposition of the Volume and Function layers. Proximity is highly related with the pedestrian fruition of the space and is defined by the number of key functions within a walkable distance. As before the Walkalytics demo was employed to define the catchment area of a 5 minutes walkable distance. The results shows, in coherence with other analysis a great level of superimposition on Estrada da Gavea and a bit lower on Rua 1. On the oth-er hand, once again the ,majority of the residential area is isolated. Beside the graphical representation an analytical study had been carried out to evalu-ate with a statistical approach the performance level of the fruition and the walkability of the case study area. This specific analysis have been run only on the project intervention area. Six different indicator were evaluated and quantified to provide a evalua-tion chart that would be compared with further results in the retrofitting phase. The values analyzed were: • L_Sw/L_St: Ratio of window shop surface to the total

lateral surface on the street level;

• S_Sw/S_St: Ratio of sidewalk surfaces to the total street surface;

• N_j/N_t: Ratio of number of jobs to the total occu-pied population;

• Sp/S_t: Ratio of paved surface to the total street surface;

• A_f/A_t: Ratio of functional area to the total built-up area;

• L_nm/L_t: The ratio of non-motorized links length to the total street length.

LSw/LSt Lnm/Lt Af/At Sp/St Nj/Nt Ssw/St LSw/LSt Lnm/Lt Af/At Sp/St Nj/Nt Ssw/St 16.67% 97.45% 5.76% 7.27% 1.12% 3.23%

Poroximity

9

Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Proximity 2 2.2

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Porosity

Proximity is the superimposition of the Volume and Voids layers. As for the proximity case an analysis have been performed to evaluate the performance of the Porosity and to compare the obtained results with the Retrofit one. The value analyzed were:

• VOLUME

Ps (%)=V_v/V_T= 30.5%

The value obtained is low, 30.5 due to the high density of Rocinha and consequently of the proj-ect area.

• SURFACE

SURF%= S_v/(S_v+A_t)=62.3% • FOOTPRINT:

COV(%)= A_fp/A_T=69.5% FAR%=(A_fp,floor+N°_floors)/A_T=38.9 • DISTRIBUTION FACTOR: BDF%=1-[(n°Groups(d)-1)/100] • NUMBER OF BUILDINGS: NB%=(N_built/A_T)/150 sK>hD ^hZ&^ Ks;йͿ &Z;йͿ /^dZ/hd/KE &dKZ E VOLUME 30.5% SURFACES 62.3% COV(%) 69.5% FAR(%) 38.9% DISTRIBUTION FACTOR 98.0% NB 63.1%

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Ch. 2 Phase II Investigation and Analysis

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Porosity 2 2.2

1 floor (3 m height) 2 floor (6 m height) 3 floor (9 m height) 4 floor (12 m height) 5 floor (15 m height) 6 floor (18 m height) 7 floor (21 m height) 8 floor (24 m height)

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Ch. 3 Phase III Modification

Scale: 1:1000

Project area 2 3

1

Project area IMM intervantion areas 1km 2km 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 12 11 13 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 12 13 8 9 10

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Green areas, suitable to be converted in terraces or ver-tical walls for urban farming have been spotted. Urban farming has been implemented to create a microeconom-ic system based on own produced healthy food. In detail, urban farming terraces, placed on the top of the area 3, could be an opportunities for old or young people which are unable to pay themselves daily a public or private transportation to reach the main economic centers.

The introduction of waste collection points is one of the main assets to the IMM project to ensure health. In detail, in the project area two new garbage collection points have been added. A main collection point is placed on the Rua 2 to be easily collected by the public service or by the “De OlhoNo Lixo “. One more have been placed on the top of the area 3, facing the Rua 1 to supply the neighborhood and to be easily transported to the one of Rua 2 below.

The water issue concerns two topics: the drainage and sewerage issues. The drainage is about discharge the rain water. In detail the area is crossed by the talveg-ue, which is an existing rainwater collecting channel. The talvegue is subjected to flooding phenomena due to the topography and to the high building density. Therefore the talvegue system have been implemented, increasing its coverage area and adding new pipes. Moreover, the existing green area have been improved to act as resil-ient surfaces against water flooding. About the sewage system, today the area is lacking if this basic service. In consequence ,black waters are discharged on the

Talve-In the first phase of the Polimi para Rocinha project the area and the building to demolish were identified, there-after, overlapping the area defined by each pilot project the overall project area has been defined.

PV panel smart grid has been implemented to supply free and sustainable energy for the public buildings and for public services as bikes-sharing electric charge station and roads lightening system. A preliminary solar analysis was carried out and the PV panels have been installed on new buildings defined by project design and on existing selected buildings.

Bike-sharing project connects the neighborhood with the new internal network of connections. Moreover a close stop of public bus line to the area 3 makes it a privilege spot to install a bike-sharing stop creating a transporta-tion node in which the interurban network and the ex-tra-urban network meet each other.

Food

Waste

Water

Project area:

Energy

Mobility

gue. To improve the health conditions a new sewer system, which fallow mainly the same path of the drainage system, have been implemented to serve the majority of the build-ing on the area and it has been connected to the existbuild-ing main sewer system on the Rua 2. Moreover, to supply to the demands of potable, that is an important issue due to low water quality of accessible water in the favlea, two wa-ter-house, one on top and one on the bottom of the area have been placed. The one on the bottom has a bigger catchment area meanwhile the one on top supplies the residential neighborhood on top.

Ch. 4.3 Pilot project

Scale:

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Ch. 3.3 OSA Conceptplan

Scale: 1:500

Conceptplan 2 3

3

Legend:

Social

Educational social ser-vice (NRA)

Technical education Retail point (argammas-sa armada)

Food:

Market (retail of healthy products)

Urban Farming Energy:

PV panel (smart grid) Mobility:

Bike-sharing stop Waste:

Waste collecting point Water:

Resilient areas Water-house

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Ch. 3.3 OSA Conceptplan

Scale: 1:500

Conceptual section 2 3

4

Legend:

Social

Educational social ser-vice (NRA)

Technical education Retail point (argammas-sa armada)

Food:

Market (retail of healthy products)

Urban Farming Energy:

PV panel (smart grid) Public lightning Mobility:

Bike-sharing stop Waste:

Waste collecting point Water:

Sewer and rainwater Drainage system Water basin Resilient areas Water-house

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Ch. 3.3.4 Masterplan

Scale: 1:500

Masterplan 2 3

5

+115 +120 +149 +163

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Ch. 3.4 Masterplan

Scale: 1:200

Masterplan 2 3

6

+115

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Ch. 4.1 Architectural design

Scale: 1:100

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2

Ch. 4.1 Architectural design

Scale: 1:5

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Ch. 4.1 Architectural design

Scale: 1:100

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Ch. 4.2 Architectural design

Scale: 1:50

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Ch. 4.2 Architectural design

Scale: 1:50

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Ch. 4.2 Architectural design

Scale: 1:50

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Ch. 4.2 Architectural design

Scale: 1:50

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Ch. 4.2 Architectural design

Scale: 1:50

Render 2 4.1

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Ch. 4.2 Technological design

Scale: 1:10

Technological solutions 2 4.2

1

H.C 01

H.C 03: flat roof

1: Finishing layer in ceramic tiles, dim. 30x30 cm, thk. 0.7 cm;

2: Grout filling for ceramic tiles, thk. O.4 cm;

3: Cement adhesive for ceramic tiles, = 2.3 W/mK, = 2400

kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 1 cm;

4: Leaning layer in concrete, = 2.3 W/mK, = 2400 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 3 cm;

5: Protection layer in sand, = 0.35 W/mK, = 1400 kg/m³, c=800 J/kgK, thk. 1 cm;

6: Nonwoven fabric layer, tck. 0.2 cm;

7: Water proof membrane root-proof in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.5 cm;

8: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber, = 0,037 W/mK, = 97 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk. 5,0 cm;

9: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0.4 cm;

10: Protecting and anti-defect base in water based bitumen primer, thk. 0.5 cm;

11: Leaning and service layer in portland concrete lighted thanks to expanded polystyrene sphere (Ø2mm), = 0,104 W/mK, = 515 kg/m³, c=1000 J/kgK, thk. 8-4 cm;

12: Floor slab in textile reinforcement concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 2cm/7 cm; H.C 02: flat roof Thermal transmittance U 0.42 W/m²K Thermal resistance Rt 2.38 m²K/W Thickness thk 23.1/ 19.1 cm Decrement factor fa 0.51 -Thermal shift Φ 8.05 h Thermal mass m 228.6 kg/m² Mold/Condensation NO H.C 02: flat roof 23.3 E I

H.C 02: Slab on cold spaces H.C 02: Slab on cold spaces

Thermal transmittance U 0.43 W/m²K Thermal resistance Rt 2.306 m²K/W Thickness thk 13.9 cm Decrement factor fa 0.8 -Thermal shift Φ 4.21 h Thermal mass m 103.4 kg/m² Mold/Condensation NO I E

H.C 02: Slab on cold spaces

13.9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 I nh slope 1% slope 1% 1 2 3 32.0

1: Colored self-levelling floor finishing in concrete based mixing,

thk. 1 cm;

2: Leaning and service layer in portland concrete lighted thanks

to expanded polystyrene sphere (Ø2mm), = 0,104 W/mK, = 515 kg/m³, c=1000 J/kgK, thk. 5 cm;

3: Acoustic insulation layer in felt sheets for floating floors, thk.

0.6cm;

4: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber, = 0,037 W/mK, = 97 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk. 5.0 cm;

7: Floor slab in textile reinforcement concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 2cm/7 cm;

H.R 04: Flat coverage

1: Leaning layer in concrete, = 2.3 W/mK, = 2400 kg/m³,

c=780 J/kgK, thk. 3 cm;

2: Protection layer in sand, = 0.35 W/mK, = 1400 kg/m³,

c=800 J/kgK, thk. 1 cm;

4: Water proof membrane in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.5 cm;

5: Floor slab in textile reinforcement concrete, = 2500 kg/m³,

c=780 J/kgK, thk. 2cm/7 cm; E H.R 04: Flat coverage 6.5 E 1 2 3 4 5 slope 1%

1: Leaning and service layer in concrete, = 2.3 W/mK,

= 2400 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 3 cm;

2: Foundation slab in reinforced concrete, Ø10 @20 cm,

= 2.3 W/mK, = 2500 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 18 cm

3: Leaning layer in Raw concrete, thk. min 10 cm

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

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Ch. 4.2 Technological design

Scale: 1:10

Technological solutions 2 4.2

2

E

H.C 04: green roof

1: Cultivation soil with expanded clay, = 0.300 W/mK, =

750 (1200) kg/m3, c= 1.840 J/kgK, thk. 10 cm;

3: Drainage layer in expanded clay, = 0.12 W/mK, =

380kg/m3, c= 1000 J/kgK, thk. 5 cm;

5: Water-accumulating drainage sheet in ashlar membrane of

high density polyethylene, thk. 0.8 cm

6: Water proof membrane root-proof in polymer-bitumen, thk.

0.5 cm;

7: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density

glass-fiber, = 0,037 W/mK, = 97 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK,

thk. 5.0 cm;

8: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0.4 cm;

10: Leaning and service layer in portland concrete lighted thanks to expanded polystyrene sphere (Ø2mm), = 0,104 W/mK, = 515 kg/m³, c=1000 J/kgK, thk. 8-4 cm;

11: Floor slab in textile reinforcement concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, thk. 2cm/7 cm; H.C 03: green roof Thermal transmittance U 0.31 W/m²K Thermal resistance Rt 3.24 m²K/W Thickness thk 37.2/ 33.2 cm Decrement factor fa 0.06 -Thermal shift Φ 19.1 h Thermal mass m 321.6 kg/m² Mold/Condensation NO H.C 03: green roof 32.2 I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 slope 1% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 V.C 01: TRC insulated wall I E E I 20.9 20.9 V.View H.View 1 3 4 6 8 9 5 7 10 2

1: Double layer of plasterboard with lime finishing, = 0,21

W/mK, = 900 kg/m³, c= 1000 J/kgK, thk. 2.5 cm, 2: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0,4 cm;

3: C aluminum guide profile, 50x75x50, thk 6 mm.

4: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density

glass-fiber, = 0,034 W/mK, = 80 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk. 4.0 cm;

5: Air cavity, = 0,1 W/mK, thk. 3,5 cm;

6: Wall panel(interior face sandwich panel) in textile reinforced

concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, thk. 2 cm;

7: Cast on site joint fill with concrete and reinforced with steel

bars Ø 6 mm;

8: Neoprene dilatation joint, tkh. 2,5 mm;

9: Polyurethane insulation layer, = 0,028 W/mK, = 38 kg/m³,

c= 1450 J/kgK; thk. 6 cm;

10: Wall panel(exterior face sandwich panel) in textile reinforced concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, thk. 2,5 cm; V.C 01: TRC insulated wall V.C 01: TRC insulated wall Thermal transmittance U 0.26 W/m²K Thermal resistance Rt 3.82 m²K/W Thickness thk 20.9 cm Decrement factor fa 0.21 -Thermal shift Φ 7.9 h Thermal mass m 155 kg/m² Mold/Condensation NO 1 4 6 8 9 5 7 10 2 3

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Ch. 4.2 Technological design

Scale: 1:10

Structural section 2 4.2

3

V.C 02: TRC insulated wall with service layer

I E E I 23.4 25.1 V.View H.View 4 6 9 10 11 7 9 12

V.C 03:Hollow bricks wall

I E E I 25.4 25.4 H.View 1 2 4 5 6 5 E 3 3 2 1 V.View

1: Grout filling for ceramic tiles, thk. O,4 cm;

2: Finishing layer in ceramic tiles, dim. 30x30 cm, thk. 0.7 cm; 3: Cement adhesive for ceramic tiles, = 2,3 W/mK, = 2400 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 1 cm;

4: Double layer of plasterboard with lime finishing, = 0,21 W/mK, = 900 kg/m³, c= 1000 J/kgK, thk. 2.5 cm, 5: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0,4 cm;

6: C aluminum guide profile, 50x75x50, thk 6 mm. 7: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density

glass-fiber, = 0,034 W/mK, = 80 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk. 4,0 cm;

9: Wall panel(interior face sandwich panel) in textile reinforced concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, thk. 2 cm;

10: Cast on site joint fill with concrete and reinforced with steel bars Ø 6 mm;

12: Polyurethane insulation layer, = 0,028 W/mK, = 38 kg/m³, c= 1450 J/kgK; thk. 6 cm;

13: Wall panel(exterior face sandwich panel) in textile reinforced concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, thk. 2,5 cm;

V.C 02: TRC insulated wall with service layer V.C 02: TRC insulated wall with_{service layer}

Thermal transmittance U 0.25 W/m²K Thermal resistance Rt 4.02 m²K/W Thickness thk 25.1 cm Decrement factor fa 0.19 -Thermal shift Φ 8.7 h Thermal mass m 172 kg/m² Mold/Condensation NO 8

V.C 03:Hollow bricks wall V.C 03:Hollow bricks wall

Thermal transmittance U 0.41 W/m²K Thermal resistance Rt 2.43 m²K/W Thickness thk 25.4 cm Decrement factor fa 0.23 -Thermal shift Φ 10.3 h Thermal mass m 253 kg/m² 1: Double layer of plasterboard with lime finishing, = 0,21

W/mK, = 900 kg/m³, c= 1000 J/kgK, thk. 2.5 cm, 2: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0,4 cm;

3: C aluminum guide profile, 50x50x50, thk 6 mm. 4: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber, = 0,034 W/mK, = 80 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk. 4.0 cm;

5: Air cavity, = 0,1 W/mK, thk. 1 cm;

6: Bearing layer in hollow bricks, = 0,350 W/mK, = 800 kg/m3, c = 840 J/kgK, dim. 5 x 11,5 x 24,5 cm, thk.

(11.5+5 cm) joined by cement mortar, thk. 1 cm; 6 3 7 4 11 9 3 13 4 2 5 1 10 5 2 1 8 12 6

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Ch. 4.2 Technological design

Scale: 1:10

Technological solutions 2 4.3

4

V.P 01: TRC panel I I I 10.5 10.0 V.View H.View 4 6 7 5 8 I V.C 04: TRC panel Inh E E 10.0 10.0 V.View H.View 1 3 4 2 5 3 2 1

4: Wall panel(interior face sandwich panel) in textil

reinforced concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, thk. 2 cm; 5: Cast on site joint fill with concrete and reinforced with steel bars Ø 6 mm;

V.C 02: TRC insulated wall with service layer

1: Grout filling for ceramic tiles, thk. O,4 cm;

2: Finishing layer in ceramic tiles, dim. 30x30 cm, thk. 0.7 cm; 3: Cement adhesive for ceramic tiles, = 2,3 W/mK, = 2400 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 1 cm;

4: Wall panel(interior face sandwich panel) in textile reinforced concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, thk. 2 cm;

5: Cast on site joint fill with concrete and reinforced with steel bars Ø 6 mm;

V.P 01: TRC panel

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Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:5

Technical details 2 4.2

5

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 D.V. 02 and D.H. 01

1:Colored self-levelling floor finishing in concrete based mixing, thk. 1 cm;

2: Leaning and service layer in portland concrete lighted thanks to

expanded polystyrene sphere (Ø2mm), = 0,104 W/mK, = 515

kg/m³, c=1000 J/kgK, thk. 5 cm

3: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber, = 0,037 W/mK, = 97 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk.5.0 cm; 4: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0.4 cm;

5:Protecting and anti-defect base in water based bitumen primer, thk. 0.5 cm;

6: Wooden baseboard; 7: Neoprene joint;

8:Cast on site joint fill with concrete and reinforced with steel bars Ø 6 mm;

10:Polyurethane insulation layer,λ= 0,028 W/mK, ρ= 38, kg/m³, c= 1450 J/kgK; thk. 6 cm;

9,11:Wall panel(in textile reinforced concrete, ρ= 2500 kg/m³,thk. 2; 2,5 cm;

14: C aluminum guide profile, 50x75x50, thk 6 mm.

1 2 3 4 5 6 9 8 10 11 7 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 15 16 14

15: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0,4 cm;

16:Double layer of plasterboard with lime finishing, λ= 0,21 W/mK, ρ= 900 kg/m³, c= 1000 J/kgK, thk. 2.5 cm,

17:Operable double glass window with aluminum frames isulated by thermal breaks; U=1.4 W/m²K

18: Infill insulation layer, thk. 1 cm;

19: Water proof tape in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.25 cm; 20:Aluminum square profile for joint protection, dim. 25x25 mm, thk. 6 mm;

21: Wood frame, dim 5x3 cm;

22:Water proof tape in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.25 cm; 23:Precast concrete windowsill;

24: Shading layer with hollow bricks, dim. 5x11.5x24.5 cm; 25: TRC pillar;

26:Grout filling for ceramic tiles, thk. O,4 cm;

27: Finishing layer in ceramic tiles, dim. 30x30 cm, thk. 0.7 cm; 28: Cement adhesive for ceramic tiles, = 2,3 W/mK, = 2400 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 1 cm; 24 22 23 19 18 17 22 7 8 25 28 27 26

(31)

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:5

Technical detail 2 4.2

6

1 2 4 6 5 7 3

1:Double layer of plasterboard with lime finishing, = 0,21 W/mK, = 900 kg/m³, c= 1000 J/kgK, thk. 2.5 cm,

2:Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0,4 cm; 3:C aluminum guide profile, 50x50x50, thk 6 mm.

6: Bearing layer in hollow bricks, = 0,350 W/mK, = 800 kg/m3, c = 840 J/kgK, dim. 5 x 11,5 x 24,5 cm, thk. (11.5+5 cm) joined by cement mortar, thk. 1 cm;

7: Window frame by double C aluminum guide profile, 50x50x50, thk 6 mm, filled with thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber, = 0,034 W/mK, = 80 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk. 4.0 cm; 8: Water proof tape in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.25 cm;

9: Infill insulation layer, thk. 1 cm;

10: Aluminum square profile for joint protection, dim. 25x25 mm, thk. 6 mm;

11: Fixed double glass window with aluminum frames isulated by thermal breaks; U=1.4 W/m²K 12: Shading layer with hollow bricks, dim. 5x11.5x24.5 cm

13: Tubular frame, dim 75x55 mm thk. 2.5 mm 14: Precast concrete pot

15: Precast concrete pillar reinforced with tensile net and reinforced concrete Ø14

16: Operable double glass window with aluminum frames isulated by thermal breaks; U=1.4 W/m²K D.H. 02 8 9 10 11 13 12 14 15 16

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7

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:5

Technical details 2 4.2

1 2 5 D.V. 01 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 16 14 15 1: Leaning and service layer in concrete, = 2.3 W/mK, = 2400 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 3 cm;

2: Foundation Plinth in reinforced concrete, dim. 50x30 cm;

3: Foundation slab in reinforced concrete, Ø10 @20 cm, = 2.3 W/mK, = 2500 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 18 cm; 4: Foundation beam in reinforced concrete, dim 50x50x 30 cm

5: Leaning layer in Raw concrete, thk. min 10 cm 6: Water gutter, dim. 5x3 cm

7:Drainage layer in gravel; 8. Drainage gutter Ø10 cm; 9: Nonwoven fabric layer, tck. 0.2 cm;

10:Protection layer in ashlar membrane of high density polyethylene, thk. 0.8 cm 11: Water proof membrane in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.5 cm;

12: Wood for membranes leaning, dim. 3x3 cm

13: Wall panel(interior face sandwich panel) in textile reinforced concrete, ρ= 2500 kg/m³, thk. 2 cm; 14: Polyurethane insulation layer,λ= 0,028 W/mK, ρ= 38, kg/m³, c= 1450 J/kgK; thk. 6 cm; 15: Wall panel(exterior face sandwich panel) in textile reinforced concrete, ρ= 2500 kg/m³,thk. 2,5 cm; 16: Cast on site joint fill with concrete and reinforced with steel bars Ø 6 mm;

(33)

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:5

Technical detail 2 4.2

8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 12 17 15 16

2: Leaning and service layer in portland concrete lighted thanks to expanded polystyrene sphere (Ø2mm), = 0,104 W/mK, = 515 kg/m³,

c=1000 J/kgK, thk. 5 cm

3: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber, = 0,037 W/mK, = 97 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk.5.0 cm; 4: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0.4 cm;

5:Protecting and anti-defect base in water based bitumen primer, thk. 0.5 cm; 6:Wooden frame ,dim. 10x3 cm ;

7:Steel profile for cast on site windowsill joint; 8:Water proof tape in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.25 cm; 9: Infill insulation layer, thk. 1 cm

10: Floor slab in textile reinforcement concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, c=780 J/kgK, thk. 2cm/7 cm; 11:Water proof tape in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.25 cm;

12: Precast concrete windowsill;

13: Shading layer with hollow bricks, dim. 5x11.5x24.5 cm;

14: Operable and fixed double glass window with aluminum frames isulated by thermal breaks; U=1.4 W/m²K 15: Precast concrete pot, dim 15x 16 cm, thk. 1.5 cm;

17: Cultivation soil with expanded clay, = 0.300 W/mK, =750 (1200) kg/m3, c= 1.840 J/kgK, thk. 10 cm;

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9

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:5

Technical details 2 4.2

slope 1%

1:Cultivation soil with expanded clay, = 0.300 W/mK, = 750 (1200) kg/m3, c= 1.840 J/kgK, thk. 10 cm;

3: Drainage layer in expanded clay, = 0.12 W/mK, = 380kg/m3, c= 1000 J/kgK, thk. 5 cm; 4: Nonwoven fabric layer, tck. 0.2 cm;

5: Water-accumulating drainage sheet in ashlar membrane of high density polyethylene, thk. 0.8 cm 6: Water proof membrane root-proof in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.5 cm;

7: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber, = 0,037 W/mK, = 97 kg/m³,

c= 1030 J/kgK, thk. 5.0 cm;

8: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0.4 cm; 9: Protecting and anti-defect base in water based bitumen primer, thk. 0.5 cm;

10:Leaning and service layer in portland concrete lighted thanks to expanded polystyrene sphere (Ø2mm), = 0,104 W/mK, = 515 kg/m³, c=1000 J/kgK, thk. 8-4 cm; D.V. 05 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 17 15 16 19 22 21 20

11: Floor slab in textile reinforcement concrete, = 2500 kg/m³, thk. 2cm/7 cm; 12: Drainage layer in gravel

13: Drainage gut Ø 110 14: Metal flashings;

15: Precast concrete pot, dim 15x 16 cm, thk. 1.5 cm; 16: Nonwoven fabric layer, tck. 0.2 cm;

17: Cultivation soil with expanded clay, = 0.300 W/mK, =750 (1200) kg/m3, c= 1.840 J/kgK, thk. 10 cm;

18: Metal mesh parapet, h=100 cm; 19: Hollow brick, dim. 5x11.5x24.5 cm;

20: Blind box for curtain in precast concrete, dim.15x 16 cm, thk. 1.5 cm; 21: Removable Curtain, dim.10x10 cm;

22: Operable double glass window with aluminum frames isulated by thermal breaks; U=1.4 W/m²K 18

(35)

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:5

Technical detail 2 4.2

10

1 2 4 3 5

1:Double layer of plasterboard with lime finishing, = 0,21 W/mK, = 900 kg/m³, c= 1000 J/kgK, thk. 2.5 cm,

4: Bearing layer in hollow bricks, = 0,350 W/mK, = 800 kg/m3, c = 840 J/kgK, dim. 5 x 11,5 x 24,5 cm, thk. (11.5+5 cm) joined by cement mortar, thk. 1 cm;

5: U aluminum guide profile, 50x50x50, thk 6 mm; 6: Wooden baseboard;

8:Leaning and service layer in portland concrete lighted thanks to expanded polystyrene sphere (Ø2mm), = 0,104 W/mK, = 515 kg/m³, c=1000 J/kgK, thk. 5 cm 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 13 15 16 12 17 18 19 20 21 24 23 22 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 32 31 30 25 27 26 29 28

9: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber, λ= 0,037 W/mK, ρ= 97 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk.5.0 cm;

10: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0.4 cm; 11:Protecting and anti-defect base in water based bitumen primer, thk. 0.5 cm;

12:Cast on site joint fill with concrete and reinforced with steel bars Ø 6 mm;

15:Polyurethane insulation layer,λ= 0,028 W/mK, ρ= 38, kg/m³, c= 1450 J/kgK; thk. 6 cm; 14,16:Wall panel(in textile reinforced concrete, ρ= 2500 kg/m³,thk. 2; 2,5 cm;

17:Operable double glass window with aluminum frames isulated by thermal breaks; U=1.4 W/m²K 18: Infill insulation layer, thk. 1 cm;

19:Water proof tape in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.25 cm; 20: Wood frame, dim 5x3 cm;

21: Aluminum square profile for joint protection, dim. 25x25 mm, thk. 6 mm; 22:Precast concrete windowsill;

23: Water proof tape in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.25 cm;

24: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber,λ= 0,034 W/mK, ρ= 80 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk. 6.0 cm;

25:Cultivation soil with expanded clay, λ = 0.300 W/mK, ρ=750 (1200) kg/m3, c= 1.840 J/kgK, thk. 10 cm;

26:Precast concrete pot, dim 15x 16 cm, thk. 1.5 cm;

27: Nonwoven fabric layer, tck. 0.2 cm; 28: Metal mesh parapet, h=100 cm; 29: Hollow brick, dim. 5x11.5x24.5 cm; 30: Metal flashings;

31: Drainage layer in gravel 32: Drainage gut Ø 110

31:Cultivation soil with expanded clay, λ = 0.300 W/mK, ρ= 750 (1200) kg/m3, c= 1.840 J/kgK, thk. 10 cm;

32:Nonwoven fabric layer, tck. 0.2 cm; 33: Drainage layer in expanded clay, λ= 0.12 W/mK, ρ= 380kg/m3, c= 1000 J/kgK, thk. 5 cm;

34: Nonwoven fabric layer, tck. 0.2 cm; 35: Water-accumulating drainage sheet in ashlar membrane of high density polyethylene, thk. 0.8 cm

36: Water proof membrane root-proof in polymer-bitumen, thk. 0.5 cm;

37: Thermal and acoustic insulation layer in high density glass-fiber, λ= 0,037 W/mK, ρ= 97 kg/m³, c= 1030 J/kgK, thk. 5.0 cm;

38: Vapor resistant membrane in elastoplastomeric with aluminum reinforcement, thk. 0.4 cm; 39:Protecting and anti-defect base in water based bitumen primer, thk. 0.5 cm; 40:Leaning and service layer in portland concrete lighted thanks to expanded polystyrene sphere (Ø2mm), λ= 0,104 W/mK, ρ= 515 kg/m³, c=1000 J/kgK, thk. 8-4 cm;

(36)

11

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:20

Blow up 2 4.2

(37)

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:20

Blow up 2 4.2

12

(38)

13

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:50

Ground floor 2 4.2

A B C D 1 2 3 A B C D +115.5 ±0.00 111 3333 DDDD 33333333333 111 DDDD CCCC BBB AAAA 70 210 70 210 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 1 2 37 Slope 1% Slope 1% Slope 1% Slope 1% 291 291 112 112 89 609 89 300 300 80 299 300 300 305 68 150 153 150 68 88 128 136 3 300 300 300 918 100 300 300 100

(39)

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:50

First floor 2 4.2

14

±0.00 +3.12 A B D 1 2 3 A B C D 11 33333 DDD 33333333333 111 DDDD CCCC BBB AAAA 75 100 75 100 75 100 75 100 50 150 50 150 70 210 100 285 100 285 100 285 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 140 285 140 285 1 2 70 210 99 D.H 01 147 99 54 80 75 291 291 103 99 2 DD 2 D 22 DD 3 300 300 300 918 100 300 300 100

(40)

15

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:50

Second floor 2 4.2

1 2 3 A B C D 1 2 3 A B C D 300 300 300 +6.12 918 73 2 70 210 70 210 50 150 50 150 150 50 150 100 150 100 285 30 75 285 100 285 50 150 150 ₅₀ 150 100 150 100 150 100 210 100 75 300 300 75 150 73 142 75 291 291 75 382 288 492 584 203 153 148 67 164 73 144 53 152 203 157 33 ₇₅ 285 100 285 100 285 100 285 100 285 100 285 75 100 75 100 50 150 75 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 D.H. 02 D.H. 02 100 300 300 100

(41)

Ch. 4.2 Technical design

Scale: 1:50

Terrace 2 4.2

16

A B C D 1 2 3 +9.35 A A C D 50 150 150 50 150 100 150 100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 30 31 32 33 34 35 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 29 36 784 92 300 300 92 599 289 82 110 490 288 +9.21 1 2 Slope 1% Slope 1% Slope 1% Slope 1% Slope 1% Slope 1% 3

(42)

Ch. 4.3 Structural design

Scale: 1:100

Structural plants 2 4.3

1

A S2 S2 S2 S2 S2 S1 S2 S2 S2 S2 S2 S2 S2 B C D A B C D 1 2 3 1 2 3 FP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP FB FB FB FB FB FB FB FB FB CFP FB FB CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP RWF RWF RWF RTWF P2 P2 P2 BW1 BW1 BW2 BW2 P3 P3 P3 P3 a' a' b' b' CFP 300 300 300 207 1109 120 300 300 120 840 FOUNDATIONS (S1) P2 P2 P2 1 2 3 A B C D A B C D 1 2 3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 P2 P2 P2 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S4 S4 S4 S4 S4 S4 BW1 BW2 BW2 B2 B2 B2 BW1 a' a' b' b' FIRST FLOOR (S2) 100 100 99 299 100 150 300 100 800 150 P2 P2 P2 1 2 3 A B C D A B C D 1 2 3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S4 S4 S4 S4 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 BW1 BW1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 B1 B1 B1 a' a' b' b' 100 150 300 100 801 S5 S5 S5 S5 S5 S5 S5 S5 S5 S5 S5 S5 S6 S6 S5 S5 S5 S5 150 109 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 309 300 299 980 SECOND FLOOR (S3) 1 2 3 A B C D A B C D 1 2 3 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 a' a' S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S6 S4 S4 S4 S4 S6 S6 S4 S4 S4 S4 S6 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 B1 B1 B1 BW1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 b' b' 100 100 100 100 100 99 300 299 100 150 300 100 800 150 COVERING (S5) B1 B1 B1 1 2 3 A B C D A B C D 1 2 3 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S6 S4 S4 S4 S4 S6 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 BW2 BW2 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 BW1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 B1 B1 B1 a' a' BBBBBBBBBBB B BB B BB B BB B BB B BB B BB B PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP P PP P PP P PP P PP P PP P PP P PP P B B B B B B B B B B B B B B BBBB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB PP P PP P PP P PP P PP P PP P PP P PP P PPP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP b' b' 109 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 309 300 299 980 100 150 300 100 800 150 THIRD FLOOR (S4)

Structural elements compendium (Scale 1:50) Foundations:

FP, Plinth Foundation

Ø10 @20 cm

Raw concrete layer 10 cm 50

30

CFP, Continuous Plinth Foundation

Ø10 @20 cm

Raw concrete layer 10 cm

50

30

RWF, Retain Wall Foundation

Ø10 @20 cm

30

FB, Foundation Beam

Ø10 @20 cm

20 30 15 35 Vertical elements P1, Concrete Pillar (thk. 3 cm) 28 18 P2, HEB 160 16 16 Ø14

Double layer of tensile net @20 mm

Horizontal elements

B1, Concrete Beam (thk. 2 cm)

28

26

S3,4,5,6: Concrete slab reinforced by 2 layer of tensile net @20 mm

Precast section reinforced by tensile net @ 20 mm Cast on site joint reinforced by steel bars

S1,2, Concrete Foundation Slab

17 10 Ø10 @20 cm Welded mesh Ø5 @10 cm S3 150 150 100 100 S4 S6 S5 28

P2, Reinforced concrete pillar

(43)

Ch. 4.3 Structural design

Scale: 1:50

Structural section a-a 2 4.3

2

Ø12x2 Ø14x2 Ø10x2 Ø14x2 Ø14x2 Ø14x2 Ø10x2 Ø16x2 Ø16x2 Ø10x2 Ø16x2 Ø14x2 Ø16x2 Ø10x2 Ø12x2 Ø14x2 Ø16x3 Ø14x2 Ø14x2 Ø14x2 Ø14x2 Ø12x2 Ø12x2 Ø12x2 A A B B C C D D S4 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 P2 P2 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 BW2 P1 P1 BW2 P1 BW2 P1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 CFP CFP CFP CFP S2 S2 S2 30 598 300 1230 300 300 300 300 900

Structural elements compendium (Scale 1:50)

Foundations:

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

30

FB, Foundation Beam

Ø10 @20 cm

20

30

15

35

17 10 Ø10 @20 cm Welded mesh Ø5 @10 cm Vertical elements P1, Concrete Pillar (thk. 3 cm) 28 18

Ø14 @20 mm Double layer of tensile net

S3,4,5,6: Concrete slab reinforced by 2 layer of

tensile net @20 mm S3 150 150 100 100 S4 S6 S5 Horizontal elements B1, Concrete Beam (thk. 2 cm) 28 26

Precast section reinforced

by tensile net @ 20 mm by steel bars Cast on site joint reinforced

P3, HEB 160 16 16 28 18 Ø4x12

(44)

Ch. 4.3 Structural design

Scale: 1:50

Structural section BB 2 4.3

3

1 2 3 1 2 3 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 S5 BW1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 BW1 BW1BW1 CFP CFP CFP CFP1 CFP1 S2 S2 S2 S2 30 300 300 300 300 1230 100 300 300 100 800

Foundations:

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

30

FB, Foundation Beam

Ø10 @20 cm

20

30

15

35

P3, HEB 160 16 16 28 18 Ø4x12

(45)

Ch. 4.3 Structural design

Scale:

-Structural details 2 4.3

4

S.D. 2: Column and beam caste on site joint

Ø14 steel bar reinforcement

Cast on site concrete jont Precast section reinforced by tensile net @ 20 mm

Reinforcement in tensile net @ 20 mm Longitudinal reinforcement in steel bars (designed for each case) Precast column element

S.D. 5: Slab and beam caste on site joint

Cast on site concrete jont Precast section reinforced by tensile net @ 20 mm

Slab longitudinal reinforcement in tensile net @ 20 mm

Shear reinforcement in tensile net @ 20 mm

Lighting element in polyurethane dim: 4x14 cm

S. D. 4 Bracing wall -precast slab caste on site joint

Precast slab element thk. 2 cm

Lomgitudinal slab reinforcement in double layer of tensile net @ 20 mm

Ø6 steel bars reinforcement Cast on site joint

Tensile reinforced concrete facade panel dim: 8x100x100, (2.5, 2 cm TRC, 6 cm poliuyretan insulation panel)

Cast on site joint between panels

S. D. 3 Column, beam, bracing wall and precast slab caste on site joint S.D. 1: Foundation plinth and pillar joint

Ø14 steel bar reinforcement Reinforcement in tensile net @ 20 mm

Precast column element Cast on site foundation dim:30x50x50 Steel bars reinforcement, Ø10

Precast slab element thk. 2 cm

Ø6 steel bars reinforcement Cast on site joint between slab and precast beam

Tensile reinforced concrete facade panel dim: 8x100x100, (2.5, 2 cm TRC, 6 cm poliuyretan insulation panel)

Cast on site joint between column, beam and facade panels

Cast on site joint between panels Ø14 steel bars reinforcement

(46)

Ch. 4.3 Structural design

Scale:

-Structure 3D 2 4.3

5

BW1 BW1 BW1 S6 S6 S6 S6 S6 S6 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 S4 S4 S4 S6 S4 S6 S5 S5 S5 S5 FB FB FB FB FB FB FB CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP RWF

Foundations:

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

30

FB, Foundation Beam

Ø10 @20 cm

20

30

15

35

P3, HEB 160 16 16 28 18 Ø4x12

(47)

Ch. 4.3 Structural design

Scale:

-Structure 3D 2 4.3

6

BW2 BW1BW1 BW1BW1 BW1BW1 S6 S6 S6 S6 S6 S6 S6 S5 S5 S5 S5 S5 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 S4 S4 S4 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1

Foundations:

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

30

FB, Foundation Beam

Ø10 @20 cm

20

30

15

35

P3, HEB 160 16 16 28 18 Ø4x12

(48)

Ch. 4.3 Structural design

Scale:

-Structure section 3D 2 4.3

7

BW2 BW2 BW2 S4 S4 S4 S4 S4 S5 S6 S5 S5 S5 S3 S3 S3 S3 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 FB FB FB FB FB CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP CFP RWF CFP

Foundations:

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

50

30

Ø10 @20 cm

30

FB, Foundation Beam

Ø10 @20 cm

20

30

15

35

P3, HEB 160 16 16 28 18 Ø4x12

(49)

1

Ch. 4.4 Energy and lighting analysis

Scale: 1:100

Energetic scheme Winter season 2 4.4

(50)

2

Ch. 4.4 Energy and lighting analysis

Scale: 1:100

Energetic scheme Winter season

(51)

Ch. 4.4 Energy and lighting analysis

Scale: 1:100

Light analysis Ground floor and First floor 2 4.4

3

8% 8% 8%

Daylight factor: Daylight factor: Daylight factor:

7% 7% 7% 6% 6% 6% 5% 5% 5% 4% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 500 500 500 500 500 500 Illuminance

21 June: Illuminance21 June: Illuminance21 June:

435 435 435 435 435 435 375 375 375 375 375 375 315 315 315 315 315 315 250 250 250 250 250 250 190 190 190 190 190 190 125 125 125 125 125 125 65 65 65 65 65 65 Illuminance

21 January: Illuminance 21 January: Illuminance 21 January:

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4

Ch. 4.4 Energy and lighting analysis

Scale: 1:100

Light analysis Second floor 2 4.4

8% 8% 8%

Daylight factor: Daylight factor: Daylight factor:

7% 7% 7% 6% 6% 6% 5% 5% 5% 4% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 500 500 500 500 500 500 Illuminance

21 June: Illuminance21 June: Illuminance21 June:

435 435 435 435 435 435 375 375 375 375 375 375 315 315 315 315 315 315 250 250 250 250 250 250 190 190 190 190 190 190 125 125 125 125 125 125 65 65 65 65 65 65 Illuminance

21 January: Illuminance 21 January: Illuminance 21 January:

Second fl oor: First iteration, no shading Second fl oor: Second iteration, brick shading on all the windows Second fl oor: Third iteration, brick shading on top an bottom part of the windows

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Ch. 4.4 Energy and lighting analysis

Scale: 1:100

Light analysis Second floor 2 4.4

5

8% Daylight factor: 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 500 500 Illuminance 21 June: 435 435 375 375 315 315 250 250 190 190 125 125 65 65 Illuminance 21 January: Second fl oor: Third iteration, rick shading on top an bottom part of the windows and movable curtain

(54)

Volume

About volumes the overall scenario is almost un-changed. One of the project goal was to obtain the maximum improvement of urban quality avoiding as far as possible the demolition of building inside the favela. In fact, as consequence of changes in Rua Nova, Rocinha’s inhabitants are very sensitive to the topic of demolition and relocation. In the project site only two buildings were demolished and the fami-lies relocated at few meters distance to guarantee the same living conditions. If on one side the volume outlook is not changed that much, the voids is visible how the entrance to the connection between Rua 2 and Rua 1 is now highlight. This new space, despite its reduced dimensions, would have a center role in the urban re-qualification of the area.

Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

(55)

Voids

About volumes the overall scenario is almost un-changed. One of the project goal was to obtain the maximum improvement of urban quality avoiding as far as possible the demolition of building inside the favela. In fact, as consequence of changes in Rua Nova, Rocinha’s inhabitants are very sensitive to the topic of demolition and relocation. In the project site only two buildings were demolished and the fami-lies relocated at few meters distance to guarantee the same living conditions. If on one side the volume outlook is not changed that much, the voids is visible how the entrance to the connection between Rua 2 and Rua 1 is now highlight. This new space, despite its reduced dimensions, would have a center role in the urban re-qualification of the area.

Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

(56)

Function

The new spaces obtained by the demolition of two building have been designed to host as much as pos-sible new structural functions needed to enhance and create a new dynamic node for the neighborhood. In detail the new building have been designed to host at the ground floor shopping activities already present in the old building and other vital functions as an open space for a permanent market, that now use to take play in Sunday mornings, a garbage collect-ing point and the Waterhouse. The rest of the build-ing, the first and second floor has been devoted to a structural function as an educational one. Non the less the connection between the Rua 2 and the Rua 1 has been emphasized by satellite functions an other Waterhouse and waste collecting point as well as a small dwelling for retail of farming terraces aside.

Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

(57)

Transportation

The previous analysis had shown the lack of public transportation in the Rua 2 as well as the isolation of the residential neighborhood. In this case the ef-forts could be focused only on the main roads since the narrow path as well the high slope of the rest of the area made impossible to introduce any transpor-tation alternatives. Many Dop’s concern the mobility issue, in consequence a pilot project have been stud-ied to introduce and alternative mobility network of electric bike sharing stations, proposing a valid and safe alternative to the trafficked Estrada da Gavea. The Rua 2 have been included in this network, in con-sequence a bike sharing station have been placed on the new plaza in order to enhance the connection within existing network of bus, that connects the com-munity with the rest of the city and the new ones. In consequence this new functional node have gained a role as infrastructural secondary node. Nontheless, the new catchment area includes part of the residen-tial neighborhood.

Moto taxi bus Moto taxi Catchment Bike sharing stop Bike sharing Catchment

4

Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Horizontal analysis, Transportation 2 5.1

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Diversity

Diversity is the superimposition of the Voids and the Functions layers. The state of art analysis has shown the prevalence of necessary occasional activities as bank/atm, post offices and shopping(NO) and op-tional activities as bar, restaurants and sport facili-ties(OP).On the other hand, it was observed a lack of necessary regular activities, among them event if was noted the presence of waste collectors and food market it was also identified a structural lack of edu-cational and health services. At this purpose existing NR functions were improved and a new educational activity was added to enhance the role of this new urban node. Bank/atm Post office Health services Education services Sport services Waste collection Shopping Market (food) Bar/Restourant NECESSARY REGULAR ACTIVITIES NECESSARY OCCA-SIONAL ACTIVITIES OPTIONAL ACTIVITIES NR NO OP

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Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Diversity 2 5.1

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Accessibility

Accessibility is the superimposition of the Transpor-tation and the Functions layers.The previous analysis have spotted out the potentiality of functions placed on the Rua 2 since they are well connected with the network of public transportation on the Estrada da Gavea. Thank to this analysis both the improvement on the CAS s for the function and transportation lay-ers have been proved rigth. In fact not only the new functions on Rua 2 but, thanks to the bike sharing station, the satellite functions placed on the Rua 1 are all well connceted with the public transportation network.

Moto taxi bus Moto taxi Catchment Bike sharing stop Bike sharing Catchment Bank/Atm Post office Health services Education services Sport services Waste collection Shopping Market (food) Bar/restaurant

6

Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Accessibility 2 5.1

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Interface

Interface is obtained by the superposition of Trans-portation and voids. Interface is an indicator of the quality of movement provided by the street networks. On the global scale it was one of the most important indicator, on the other hand at the local scale it has few impact since is largely affected by changes on the whole network rather than local ones. To evaluate the interface quality was employed the software for the University College of London “UCL Depthmap” The color scale is proportional to the quality of the connection link: a warm color indicates a well-con-nected and safe street network; meanwhile, a cold color indicates a bad connected street. The previous analysis has stressed out ow the residential neighbor-hood is bad connected. New connections have been created between the Rua 2 and Rua 1. Non the less the impact of the changes on the interface indicator would be more relevant when performed on the glob-al scglob-ale.

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Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Interface 2 5.1

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3 Effectiveness

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Interface is obtained by the superposition of Trans-portation and Volume. As for the analysis on the global scale it was considered the potential gradient of the Effectiveness Key category to be zero since i t is unrealistic to plan for any future urban development in such dense area. Despite global analysis the refer-ence grid was reduced to 20 x 20 meters. The highest level of effectiveness are located on the Estrada da Gavea. Moreover, the level of effectiveness along the Rua 2 is still hight thanks to the2 bus stop at the be-ginning of Rua 2 on Estrada da Gavea. Once again, in according to previous investigations the Rua 1 and the North/East area have no capability in terms of transportation.

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Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Effectiveness 2 5.1

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Proximity is the superimposition of the Volume and Function layers. Proximity is highly related with the pedestrian fruition of the space and is defined by the number of key functions within a walkable distance. The increase of new functions on the area 3 have brought improve the proximity values. On the other hand, this effect is limited due to the low level of con-nection and to the bad mobility network (interface). In fact the catchment area is still confined due to lack of roads and the steep path. On the other hand, once again the ,majority of the residential area is isolated. A new analysis, to evaluate the performance level of the fruition and the walkability of the case study area, have been performed with the retrofitted masteplan.

Poroximity

9

Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Proximity 2 5.1

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Porosity

Proximity is the superimposition of the Volume and Voids layers. Porosity value is strictly related to the morphology of the area. In this case due to area den-sity and due to the project willingness the morpholo-gy has not be changed that much. In close the only relevant difference is the number of groups that has risen to 5, while previously were 3. On the other hand the final input is still very close 96% instead of 98%, as consequence of high density of the site and of an homogeneous morphology of the urban patten.

sK>hD ^hZ&^ Ks;йͿ &Z;йͿ /^dZ/hd/KE &dKZ E VOLUME 30.5% SURFACES 62.3% COV(%) 69.5% FAR(%) 38.9% DISTRIBUTION FACTOR 98.0% NB 63.1% sK>hD ^hZ&^ Ks;йͿ &Z;йͿ /^dZ/hd/KE &dKZ E VOLUME 31.3% SURFACES 63.3% COV(%) 68.7% FAR(%) 38.6% DISTRIBUTION FACTOR 98.0% NB 65.2%

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Ch. 5 Phase III Retrofit

Scale: 1:1000

IMM Vertical analysis, Porosity 2 5.1

1 floor (3 m height) 2 floor (6 m height) 3 floor (9 m height) 4 floor (12 m height) 5 floor (15 m height) 6 floor (18 m height) 7 floor (21 m height) 8 floor (24 m height)