Stéphanie Lopes d’Azevedo - UTP
Fare system in
French Local Public
Transport
The professional association of France’s urban transport and rail transport undertakings :
Urban Transport members: over 160 urban transport undertakings, public or private, coming from CarPostal, Keolis, Group RATP, SNCF, Transdev, Vectalia or independant SME
Rail Transport members (freight and passengers):
Euro Cargo Rail, Europorte, Eurostar, SNCF, Thalys, Thello and VFLI, since 2006
Rail Infrastructure managers Eurotunnel, Lisea, SNCF Réseau, since 2013
UTP : Union des Transports Publics
et ferroviaires
Representing the interests of their members before national and European institutions.
Participating to the social dialogue: negociating collective agreements for urban transport, developing the collective agreement for rail transport.
Promoting the public transport.
Producing statistics of the traffic, production, revenues, technical issues (energies, rolling stock, …), social issues (employees, salaries, training, …), …
Role of UTP
Out of Paris area :
4 levels of territorial administration until 2017 320 municipalities or “inter-municipal structures of cooperation” : organisation of urban transport services (buses, metro, tramways)101 departments: organisation of “suburban” road transport and school transport (coaches)
13 regions : organisation of road and rail transport of “regional interest” (trains and coaches)
1 central state : organisation of the rail national transport (trains)
French public transport organization
Inside Paris area
(12 M inhabitants):
1 authority (STIF for every mode)
Out of Paris area
320 municipalities : Fares frame ended since 2005, fare system build after negotiation between local authority and operator (depends on the contract and the risk)
101 departments : Fares frame ended since 1987, fare system decided by the authority (mostly flat)
13 regions : Fare system dependent on the overall framework decided by the State.
1 central state : Fare dependant on the distance.
Inside Paris area : STIF decides fares
French public transport fare system
French public transport exploitation funding
Urban network, Out of Paris area
Paris Area network
Regional network Suburban network
Versement Transport Traffic revenues Public contribution
…the central state can restrict local authorities freedom to operate :
- SRU Law (2000) : obligation for local authorities to propose social fares for public
- « Prime transport » (1992 in Paris, 2009 out of Paris) : obligation for employers to refund 50% of the cost of their employees annual or mensual cards.
- Value Added Tax (2011 and 2014) : from 5,5% to 10%
- Minimum number of employees to contribute to Versement Transport : from 9 to 11 in 2015
Urban transport : local fare system
but….
Reduced price tickets
Free
journey
Full price tickets
2004 44,5% 15,4% 40,1%
2009 47,9% 14,4% 37,7%
2014 51,3% 12,6% 35,5%
Part of the traffic in Urban transport
Less and less free journeys, but more and more reduced prices
Average price
Lowest price
Highest price
Single ticket 1,22 € 0,50 € 1,80 € Ticket from a book 0,96 € 0,20 € 1,59 €
Day card 3,64 € 2,00 € 7,00 €
Weekly card 12,71 € 7,00 € 21,25 € Monthly card 30,71 € 10,00 € 70,00 € Annual card 300,02 € 50,00 € 731,50 €
All customers urban tarification 2015
Source: Base TCU, DGITM, CEREMA, GART, UTP. 100 networks in France
Prices depend on the size of the network, but not only
Current euros
Constant euros
2006 2009 2011 2013 2015 Var. 2006-2015
Single ticket 1,08 1,15 1,15 1,19 1,25 3,0%
Ticket from a book 0,83 0,90 0,91 0,96 0,99 7,5%
Day card 3,27 3,43 3,50 3,59 3,75 2,4%
Monthly card 27,75 29,43 29,96 31,03 32,23 3,7%
Annual card 290,51 305,61 306,73 313,66 321,39 -1,2%
All customers urban tarification evolution 2006-2015
Each ticket or pass increases less than global inflation (+12% between 2006 and 2015)
Networks in
the panel Networks Maximum age
Average price
Less than 50 000 inhabitants 25 14 25,1 18,70 €
Between 50 et 100 000 inhabitants 58 43 25,1 15,10 €
Between 100 et 200 000 inhabitants 35 26 24,6 19,50 €
More than 200 000 inhabitants
without metro or tram 9 7 21,4 16,20 €
Networks with metro or tram 27 23 24,9 28,10 €
Global 154 113 24,7 18,50 €
Monthly card for young people 2015
Young people still a target for public transport.
Networks in the
panel Networks Minimum age
Average price
Less than 50 000 inhabitants 25 10 63,0 14,00 €
Between 50 et 100 000
inhabitants 58 24 63,2 15,80 €
Between 100 et 200 000
inhabitants 35 19 62,6 19,10 €
More than 200 000 inhabitants
without metro or tram 9 2 65,0 16,50 €
Networks with metro or tram 27 17 63,6 28,10 €
Global 154 72 63,0 18,62 €
Tarification for old people 2015
Less and less reduced price for old people only based on the age.
An answer to promove social equity (some employees poorer than retired or unemployed)
Based on revenues and on the composition of the family
Every member of the family can get reduced price if the« quotient familial » allows it
No more tarification based on status
No more free tickets (almost !)Solidary tarification : more than 20
networks in France
The example of Strasbourg
Less and less free tickets in the networks (unemployed, retired, old people, invalid, …)
23 totally free urban networks in France (on 320) , only one with more than 100 000 inhabitants : Aubagne.
Around 2% of the total population in urban networks
But soon : Dunkerque, Niort, … ?
About free transport
Revenue per trip 2004-2014 : -14%
0,35 0,40 0,45 0,50 0,55 0,60
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
classe 1 classe 2 classe 3 total province
Revenues now represent 30% of the cost
Price index of main public services
90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Water distribution Road passenger transport
Postal services School or university canteen
Domestic garbage collection Electricité, gaz et autres combustibles Inflation
A strong idea: public transport is expansive. But it’s the only public service wich price is lower in 2015 than in 2005
