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The survey was carried out with molecular (PCR) and serological (IFAT) techniques,

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6 Parole chiave: leishmania, volpe rossa (Vulpes vulpes), PCR, IFAT, Pisa

La volpe rossa (Vulpes vulpes) è considerata un possibile ospite secondario di Leishmania infantum. Essendo scarsi i lavori presenti in letteratura a riguardo, abbiamo ritenuto utile effettuare un’indagine sulla popolazione volpina della provincia di Pisa, zona endemica per leishmaniosi canina. L’indagine è stata effettuata tramite metodiche molecolari (PCR) e sierologiche (IFAT), su 97 volpi abbattute in regolari battute di caccia. I campioni prelevati dalle carcasse sono stati milza, linfonodo popliteo, cute sovrastante l’osso nasale e un coagulo sanguigno intracardiaco; dopo il prelievo, questi campioni sono stati congelati a -20°C e successivamente analizzati. Le volpi sono state divise in due popolazioni in base all’anno di abbattimento e al tipo di campioni prelevati. La PCR ha mostrato la presenza del DNA del parassita nel 49% dei soggetti, che sono risultati positivi all’analisi del linfonodo e/o nella milza. La cute, analizzata tramite la stessa tecnica, è risultata invece sempre negativa. Al test sierologico nessuna volpe ha mostrato presenza di anticorpi contro leishmania. Dopo una discussione sulla diversa sensibilità dei campioni prelevati, i nostri risultati sembrerebbero indicare che la volpe rientra nel ciclo selvatico di L. infantum. La mancanza di campioni cutanei positivi alla ricerca del genoma del parassita però potrebbe suggerire che questo mammifero, per lo meno nelle nostre zone, non rivesta un importante ruolo di serbatoio.

Key words: leishmaniasis, red fox (Vulpes vulpes), PCR, IFAT, Pisa

The red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) is considered a possible secondary host of Leishmania infantum. Lacking works in literature about it, we consider useful to survey the vulpine population in the province of Pisa, a well-known canine leishmaniasis endemic zone.

The survey was carried out with molecular (PCR) and serological (IFAT) techniques,

on 97 foxes shot down in regular fox haunting. Samples collected from carcasses were

spleen, popliteal lymph-node, skin from nasal bone and an intracardiac blood clot. After

collecting, samples were frozen at -20°C and subsequently analyzed. Foxes are shared

out into two populations, based on the year in which they were shot down and on the

samples collected. PCR showed the presence of parasite DNA in 49% of the subjects,

which resulted positive to lymph-node and/or spleen samples. The skin, analyzed with

the same technique, was always negative. None of the fox showed specific antibodies

against leishmania. After a discussion about the different sensitivity of the collected

samples, it seems that our result lead to the conclusion that the fox belongs to the wild

cycle of L. infantum, but that this mammal, at least in our area, would not act as a

reservoir

.

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