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bstetric Anesthesia Handbook

Fourth Edition

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BSTETRIC ANESTHESIA

HANDBOOK

Fourth Edition

Sanjay Datta, MD, FFARCS (Eng)

Professor of Anesthesia

Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School

Boston, Massachusetts With 72 Illustrations

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Sanjay Datta, MD, FFARCS (Eng) Professor of Anesthesia

Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 USA

Library of Congress Control Number: 2005926767 ISBN 0-387-26075-7

ISBN 978-0387-26075-4

Printed on acid-free paper.

© 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

Third edition © 2000 by Hanley & Belfus, Inc

All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden.

The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.

While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the author nor the editor nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no war- ranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.

The recommendations in this book should not be viewed as an exclu- sive treatment option or serve as a standard medical practice. Neither the author nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made.

Printed in the United States of America. (BS/MVY) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

springeronline.com

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Preface

Three previous editions of Obstetric Anesthesia Handbook have proven valuable in serving those interested in managing pregnant women, each edition has become popular among anesthesiology residents, fellows, staff, and also among obste- tricians. This book has enjoyed strong international appeal and has been widely translated.

Obstetric anesthesia has undergone changes in its field, changes in the technique as well as in its specific pharma- ceutical agents. Updating these fields has been the primary focus for the fourth edition. The text has been written to retain the cohesiveness of a single-author work; all efforts have been made to keep the text concise and to keep it in a true hand- book format.

I sincerely hope the fourth edition will be as useful and as popular as previous editions. I thank Mrs. Elizabeth Kiernan, whose help has been immeasurable.

Sanjay Datta, MD

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Contents

Preface . . . . v

1. Maternal Physiological Changes During Pregnancy, Labor, and the Postpartum Period . . . 1

2. Local Anesthetic Pharmacology . . . . 14

3. Perinatal Pharmacology . . . . 27

4. Drug Interactions and Obstetric Anesthesia . . . . 38

5. Uteroplacental Blood Flow . . . . 59

6. Physiology of Labor and Delivery . . . . 72

7. Relief of Labor Pain by Systemic Medication . . . . 79

8. Spinal Opiates in Obstetrics . . . . 89

9. Effect of Maternally Administered Anesthetics and Analgesics on Neonates and Neurobehavioral Testing . . . 100

10. Fetal Monitoring . . . 117

11. Relief of Labor Pain by Regional Analgesia/Anesthesia . . . 130

12. Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery . . . 172

13. High-Risk Pregnancy . . . 211

14. Neonatal Resuscitation . . . 302

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15. Postpartum Tubal Ligation . . . 325

16. Anesthesia for Surgery During Pregnancy . . . 333

17. In Vitro Fertilization . . . 347

18. Maternal Mortality and Morbidity . . . 353

Index . . . 381 viii CONTENTS

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