THE TREND OF ACCIDENTS AT WORK AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

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NR. 12 - DECEMBER

2020

ISSN 2035-5645

TEXTILE INDUSTRY: FLAGSHIP OF THE

“MADE IN ITALY”

WORK ACCIDENTS IN THE TEXTILE SECTOR FROM 2015 TO COVID-19

OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN THE TEXTILE AND CLOTHING SECTOR

COMMUNITY MASKS: TEXTILE INDUSTRY ANSWER TO COVID EMERGENCY

ISI CALLS: TEXTILE AND CLOTHING

INDUSTRY BETWEEN ASBESTOS REMOVAL, REDUCTION OF NOISE RISK AND ACCIDENTS FROM INJURIES OR CUTS

INAIL FUNDING FOR COMPANIES IN THE TEXTILE SECTOR WITH THE 2018 ISI NOTICE

THE TREND OF ACCIDENTS AT WORK AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

DATI

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2 Managing Director Mario G. Recupero

Chief Editor Alessandro Salvati

Editorial Staff

Diana Antimi Ciccarelli Raffaello Marcelloni Claudia Tesei E-mail

statisticoattuariale@inail.it Editorial Board

Adelina Brusco Giuseppe Bucci Andrea Bucciarelli Maria Rosaria Fizzano Raffaello Marcelloni Silvia Naldini Gina Romualdi Alessandro Salvati Liana Veronico Editors for this issue

Liana Veronico, Raffaello Marcelloni, Antonella Altimari, Fizzano Maria Rosasia e Frusteri Liliana, Silvia Mochi, Riccardo Vallerga

Tables by Andrea Bucciarelli Charts by Gina Romualdi Graphic layout by Claudia Tesei Translated by

Raffaello Marcelloni Paolo Perone

Note: Graphs, where not otherwise stated, are based on data provided by Inail

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December 2020 – n. 12

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Weaving, clothing finishing, linen manufacturing, embroidery and knitting: a thousand facets of the textile sector, which is a flagship activity of Italian manufacturing and a worldwide reference point for quality and design.

Made in Italy plays a strategic role, especially in the clothing sector, and its input into international fashion is such that it defines an orientation that goes well beyond the territory of our peninsula.

40 thousand companies and 300 thousand employees in 2018 (for NACE sectors C13 and C14 according to Istat): 11% of manufacturing sector and 0,9% of the whole industrial sector in terms of number of companies, 8,5% and 1,8% - respectively - in terms of employees.

It counts 52 billion euro turnover (1,7% of national turnover) and 6,4% of national exports.

Analysing the economic results of the companies by groups and classes, the one relating to the Manufacture of wearing apparel (except fur apparel) alone accounts for 61,8% of the companies and 55,7% of the employees, producing more than half of the turnover of the entire textile manufacturing industry (51,2%). The remaining workforce is mainly employed by Manufacture of other textiles (15,9%), Weaving of textiles (8,9%) and Manufacture of knitted and crocheted apparel (7,9%).

TEXTILE INDUSTRY: FLAGSHIP OF THE

“MADE IN ITALY”

ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR ENTERPRISES IN YEAR 2018, BY GROUP AND CLASS - NACE 2.2 DIVISIONS C13 AND C14

Nace 2.2 groups and classes number of

enterprises

turnover

(thousands of euro) workers of which:

employees

worked hours

(thousands)

13: Manufacture of textiles 12.615 21.193.255 115.001 99.238 161.875 131: Preparation and spinning of textile fibres 1.417 3.649.254 15.999 14.059 23.403 132: Weaving of textiles 1.651 6.421.048 28.611 26.393 43.652 133: Finishing of textiles 1.837 2.070.379 19.040 16.904 27.393 139: Manufacture of other textiles 7.710 9.052.574 51.351 41.882 67.427 1391: Manufacture of knitted and crocheted fabrics 770 902.954 5.378 4.322 6.915 1392: Manufacture of made-up textile articles, except

apparel 3.930 2.281.153 17.672 12.863 19.747 1393: Manufacture of carpets and rugs 116 271.178 1.006 886 1.486 1394: Manufacture of cordage, rope, twine and netting 150 214.688 1.213 994 1.649 1395: Manufacture of non-wovens and articles made

from non-wovens, except apparel 201 1.662.769 4.980 4.748 8.027 1396: Manufacture of other technical and industrial

textiles 1.411 3.189.718 15.193 13.605 22.421 1399: Manufacture of other textiles n.e.c. 1.132 530.114 5.909 4.464 7.182 14: Manufacture of wearing apparel 29.709 31.198.165 207.050 175.591 255.124 141: Manufacture of wearing apparel, except fur apparel 26.140 26.814.379 179.484 152.563 218.927 1411: Manufacture of leather clothes 766 542.984 4.106 3.269 4.820 1412: Manufacture of workwear 518 526.214 2.828 2.187 3.388 1413: Manufacture of other outerwear 17.379 19.933.115 126.572 109.061 156.205 1414: Manufacture of underwear 1.797 1.371.066 13.257 11.147 16.226 1419: Manufacture of other wearing apparel and

accessories 5.680 4.441.000 32.721 26.899 38.288 142: Manufacture of articles of fur 788 215.230 2.122 1.154 1.738 143: Manufacture of knitted and crocheted apparel 2.781 4.168.556 25.444 21.874 34.459 Total C13 and C14 divisions 42.324 52.391.420 322.051 274.829 416.999

Source: I.stat database - data extracted on 9th December 2020.

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The enterprises are usually characterised by a very small size: 82,3% of them have less than 10 employees (85,1% for the manufacture of wearing apparel) but employ just one third of the workers in this sector. 16% of them is made by medium sized enterprises, with less than 50 employees (but more than 9), and only the 0,2% of them gives work to 250 employees or more.

These firms are spread almost equally over the national territory, with a prevalence in the Centre (32%) and in the North-West (25,5%), but it is the latter division that registers the highest number of employees (34%) and the highest percentage of exports of goods (43,3% of the Italian total).

Liana Veronico

NUMBER OF ENTERPRISES AND EMPLOYEES IN ACTIVE ENTERPRISES OF DIVISIONS C13 AND C14 (NACE 2.2) BY EMPLOYEES CLASS - PERCENTAGES - YEAR 2018

Enterprises Employees

NUMBER OF ENTERPRISES AND EMPLOYEES IN ACTIVE ENTERPRISES OF DIVISIONS C13 AND C14 (NACE 2.2) BY GEOGRAPHICAL AREA - PERCENTAGES - YEAR 2018

Enterprises Employees

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WORK ACCIDENTS IN THE TEXTILE SECTOR FROM 2015 TO COVID-19

The textile and clothing industry boasts an ancient tradition in our country and represents one of the most important sectors of the manufacturing industry.

However, during the difficult year 2020, this sector too was strongly affected by the crisis due to the Coronavirus pandemic.

According to the data of the "Third Survey on the impact of Covid-19 on companies in the sector"

prepared by the “Confindustria Moda” study center and published last November 4th, Italian fashion companies, in the quarter July-September 2020, recorded an average turnover decline equal to -27,5%

compared to 2019; a worrying performance, even if better than the -36,2% of the first quarter and - 39% of the second.

However, this decrease in turnover resulted in a corresponding reduction in the accident phenomenon in the textile sector.

Thanks to the adoption of the Ateco-Istat classification, Inail data is collected on all accidents broken down by each single economic activity. With the items “Manifacture of textiles” and

“Manufacture of wearing apparel”, the injuring events that occurred to the operators in the sector in question are then well identified.

According to the most recent data published by Inail in the Open Data section, in fact, if in the period January-November 2019 there were 2.340 cases of work with this classification, in the same period of 2020 the share fell to 1.524 accidents equal to a decrease of 34,9%. The percentage drop expresses even more the difficult moment of the sector when compared with the -25.8% of the whole manufacturing activities and with the -12,6% of the entire Industry sector (excluding health and social assistance which, instead, they have been hit very hard by the pandemic).

Wanting to observe the accident trend of the textile sector in the five-year period 2015-2019, from the point of view of claims (both in the course of work and while commuting), a substantially stable trend is observed. The number of recorded cases has in fact increased by just 0,8%, from 3.522 events in 2015 to 3.549 in 2019. This trend is the result of clearly different trends in the two sectors of the textile and packaging industry.

If in the first sector, in fact, in the same period it rose from 1.959 cases to 2.059 with an increase of 5,1%, in the second there was a decrease of 4,7% going from 1.563 injuries in 2015 to 1.490 in 2019.

The numbers regarding white deaths have a fairly stable trend as seen for the injuries.

BEHIND THE HEADLINES

CLAIMS FOR ACCIDENT IN THE COURSE OF WORK BY NACE CLASSIFICATION. INDUSTRY & SERVICES SECTOR Jan-Nov 2019 Jan-Nov 2020 Var % Industry and Services 382.104 379.169 -0,8%

of which: Manifacturing 72.692 53.935 -25,8%

of which: Manifacture of textiles 1.541 1.032 -33,0%

Manufacture of wearing apparel 799 492 -38,4%

Human health and social work activities 25.350 67.531 166,4%

Source: Open Data Inail - data updated at 30.11.2020

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The data at the beginning and at the end of the period coincide and are equal to 8 fatal cases with a maximum of 10 events occurred in 2016 and a minimum of 6 cases in 2017. Also in this case the sector trend is very divergent. In the textile sector, a decrease from 5 cases in 2015 to 2 cases in 2019 contrasts with an increase in the packaging sector where it went from 3 to 6 cases.

Most accidents in the textile industries occur during the course of work. In 2019, against the 959 cases that occurred on the way home-work-home, 2.590 were reported during the course of work with a share of 73,0% and an overall increase of 3,1% compared to 2015. In the two sectors the proportions are slightly different: in the textile industry the share is 82,5% (1.698 cases, +6,8% compared to 2015) while in packaging it drops to 59,9% (892 cases, -3,3% on 2015).

The claims in the course of work that ended the administrative process with a positive definition are 2.152 at the sector level, with a decrease of 3,1% compared to the beginning of the five-year period in question, and are distributed among the textile and packaging sectors respectively with 1.448 and 704 cases with variations compared to 2015 equal to + 1,5% for the first sector and -11,3% for the second.

Raffaello Marcelloni

ACCIDENT AT WORK CLAIMS BY NACE CLASSIFICATION AND MODE OF EVENT - YEARS 2015-2019

ACCIDENTS IN THE COURSE OF WORK POSITIVELY CONFIRMED BY NACE CLASSIFICATION AND MODE OF EVENT YEARS 2015 - 2019

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OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN THE TEXTILE AND CLOTHING SECTOR

The textile-clothing production sector - consisting of a supply chain that starts from companies that deal with the production of yarns and fabrics and reaches companies operating in the manufacture of underwear, clothing and household linen - plays a key role in the economy of the Country in the manufacturing sector.

In the many processes that distinguish these two sectors there is, however, the possibility of contracting an occupational disease.

In fact, in 2019, 522 cases were reported to Inail: 361 (69%) are pathologies manifested to workers in the clothing sector, of which, about 82% (295), referring to the "Manufacture of clothing items, excluding fur clothing" sector; the remaining 161 cases are reported by workers in the

“Manufacture of textiles”, of which one third pertain to the “Other textile industries” sector (linen, technical articles, etc.).

Compared to 2015, occupational diseases recorded a decrease of 15,3% (from 616 to 522 cases) entirely attributable to a significant decrease in the sector “Manufacture of wearing apparel" (-22,9%;

from 468 to 361), within which the "Manufacture of clothing items, excluding fur clothing" sector recorded a decrease of 20,1% which becomes approximately 53,0 % for that of the “Manufacture of knitwear”; an increase instead (from 6 to 11 cases) for “Packaging of fur articles”. In the "Manufacture of textiles" sector, up by 8,8% (from 148 to 161 cases), the "Other textile industries" sector (linen, technical articles, etc.) is, on the other hand, the only one to register a decrease compared to 2015 of 18,5% (from 65 to 53).

Textiles and clothing are the only manufacturing sectors in which the female employment rate is greater than that of men, so the pathologies reported concern this component more and in fact of the 522 total claims, in 2019, 421 of them (approximately 81%) refer to female workers and two thirds of them are concentrated in the “Manufacture of textiles” sector.

With 55,1%, the age group between 50-59 years (285 cases) is the one that registers the greatest number of diseases and the percentage recorded among female workers of this age group is even higher, which even amounts to about 86% (245).

BEHIND THE HEADLINES

CLAIMS FOR OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BY NACE CLASSIFICATION - YEARS 2015-2019

Economic activity sector 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2019/2015

Manufacture of textiles 148 189 158 198 161 8,8%

of which:

Preparation and spinning of textile fibers 26 28 38 30 37 42,3%

Weaving 26 37 39 32 26 0,0%

Textile finishing 29 36 33 46 43 48,3%

Other textile industries 65 88 47 85 53 -18,5%

Manufacture of wearing apparel 468 414 337 401 361 -22,9%

of which:

Manufacture of clothing items, excluding fur clothing 369 352 285 331 295 -20,1%

Packaging of fur articles 6 4 2 5 11 83,3%

Manufacture of knitwear 85 49 43 55 40 -52,9%

Textile and Clothing Industry 616 603 495 599 522 -15,3%

Source: data processing Inail - data updated at 31.10.2020

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42,1% of the claims for pathologies in the textile and clothing sector, in 2019, occurred in the center of the country (220 cases) with 103 in the Marche (31,1% in the province of Pesaro and Urbino) and 70 in Tuscany (32,9% in the province of Prato), followed by the North with 34,7% (181 cases;

equidistributed between the North-West and the North East respectively 90 and 91 cases) and the South with 23,2% (100 cases in the South where 43% of pathologies are concentrated in the province of Pescara alone).

At a territorial level, all the geographical areas of the country recorded a decrease in claims for occupational diseases ranging from 27,1% in the South and Islands (Islands -50% and South -26,5%) to follow the Center with 17,9 % and the North with 0,5 (North-West -8,2% and +8,3% North-East).

Of the 522 pathologies reported in 2019, almost all (93,1%) involved Italian workers (486 cases) and only 6,9% of workers were of foreign origin (36) and of them about two thirds are non-EU.

There are several risk factors and work pathologies in the textile and clothing sector ranging from musculoskeletal disorders, exposure to physical agents, chemical risk, dust and fibers and related work stress.

CLAIMS FOR OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BY NACE CLASSIFICATION AND GENDER YEAR 2019

Manufacture of textiles Manufacture of wearing apparel

CLAIMS FOR OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BY ICD-10 CLASSIFICATION - YEAR 2019

Manufacture of textiles Manufacture of wearing apparel

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All these risks with related pathologies are confirmed in the data on claims for occupational diseases, according to the ICD-10 classification, where the greatest number of pathologies reported, in 2019, are precisely those affecting the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue: 321 out of 522 (62%) with a 66% prevalence of soft tissue disorders. Following the diseases of the nervous system with 126 cases reported, almost all of which from carpal tunnel syndrome. Another pathology, with 31 reported cases, is that of the ear mainly due to problems relating to the inner ear. Over the five-year period, all types of disease recorded a decrease in claims number except for those of the ear which increased by about 15%.

Antonella Altimari

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COMMUNITY MASKS: TEXTILE INDUSTRY ANSWER TO COVID EMERGENCY

Since the COVID 19 health emergency began to spread across the country, the demand for masks has increased considerably and the textile industries are among those that have responded most to this need, converting part, or sometimes the entire internal cycle, towards the production of masks.

In order to deal with the emergency, the legislator, in addition to taking into consideration Individual Protection Devices (PPE) and Medical Devices (MD), in Article 16, paragraph 2 of Decree Law No. 18 of 17 March 2020, also provided for the use of filtering masks without the CE mark and produced in derogation of the current rules on marketing, with the sole purpose of reducing the circulation of the virus in the population.

Such masks, defined by the Prime Ministerial Decree of 26 April 2020 as 'community masks', should be considered neither DM nor PPE.

FFP2 and FFP3 half-masks, which are intended as PPE for the respiratory tract for certain categories of workers, are designed and manufactured in accordance with technical standard UNI EN 149:2009.

Surgical masks are DM designed and manufactured in compliance with the technical standard UNI EN ISO 14683:2019. Although surgical masks do not follow Regulation 425/2016 on PPE, with art.34 paragraph 3 of Legislative Decree 2 March 2020, the possibility of using them as devices suitable for protecting healthcare workers in relation to the COVID 19 emergency has been established; all this in coherence with the World Health Organisation guidelines and in accordance with current scientific evidence.

Community masks, on the other hand, cannot be used to protect workers, but can be worn by the general population only for the time allocated to non-work activities, for the sole purpose of containing the spread of the COVID 19 pandemic.

The legislator has not specified the minimum safety requirements for community masks, which can also be marketed or self-produced with the following characteristics: their shape and fit must allow coverage from the chin to above the nose, they must use multi-layered materials that are neither toxic, allergenic nor flammable, and they must guarantee comfort and breathability¹.

It should be noted that community masks are a complementary measure to contain virus transmission and cannot replace other hygienic and behavioural measures and, in the presence of influenza symptoms, surgical masks as defined above should be used.

The issue of the technical characteristics of community masks has attracted the attention of the technical-scientific community and, both in Italy and in Europe, normative documents have been published for voluntary adoption. In Italy, UNI has published the reference practice UNI/PdR 90:2020 (part 1 and 2), which defines the essential requirements of community masks, proposing an identification of the type and a marking.

In general, reference practices are documents that define prescriptions or application models that are typical of technical standards, drawn up with a very rapid process of restricted sharing; they constitute a type of document through which it has been possible to provide a regulatory response to the need to contain the spread of the virus very quickly.

1 Prime Ministerial Decree of October 13, 2020, art. 1, paragraph 4.

PROFESSIONAL

NOTES

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Until now, in fact, there were no useful references for assessing the performance of community masks, whereas now manufacturers have technical references and analysis methods available:

obviously, their adoption by manufacturers is entirely voluntary.

Part 1 of the reference practice (UNI/PdR 90.1:2020), provides the performance requirements;

Part 2 (UNI/PdR 90.2:2020) specifies the "Test methods", providing indications for measuring filtering performance by means of particle removal efficiency and air crossing resistance tests. The practice also provides, in the appendices to part 1, indications on the use of community masks, materials, requirements for masks to be used in sport and requirements for masks for children.

According to practice, community masks are divided into three types, according to the impossibility or possibility of reusing them and the biodegradability of the material they are made of.

In any case, the purpose of the community mask is to limit the dispersion of particles exhaled by the wearer; it is never intended to protect the wearer from airborne agents. The community mask should remain in place on the face for the duration of its intended use, should not disintegrate, break or tear during use, and attention should be paid to cleaning, if any.

As a matter of practice, community masks should be offered for sale packaged so that they are protected against mechanical damage and contamination prior to use; the manufacturer should establish and declare the maximum number of cleaning and disinfection cycles the mask may be subjected to; and the materials should not cause irritation, allergenic or other toxic effects.

In the light of the evolving situation of the coronavirus epidemic in Europe, the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN), following an urgent request from the European Commission, also took an interest in the subject and published CWA 17553:2020 'Community face coverings - Guidance on minimum requirements, test methods and use'. Italy also collaborated in the drafting of the document, bringing its own experience consolidated with the UNI/PdR 90:2020 practice.

It is now in the interest of CEN, starting from the CWA 17553:2020, to publish a European technical standard and the CEN/TC248/WG38 Community face masks group has been charged with this task. This group, at Italian level, will be interfaced by the UNI sub-commission "Chemical and physical tests and characteristics on textiles - Safety of textiles".

Maria Rosaria Fizzano e Liliana Frusteri PROPER USE OF MASKS

1.

Before putting on the mask, hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 40-60 seconds or sanitized with alcohol solution for at least 20-30 seconds;

2. wear the mask by touching only the elastic bands, avoiding touching the inside;

3. during use, avoid touching the mask except by the elastic bands;

4. always use elastic bands to remove the mask;

5. wash hands with soap and water or perform hand hygiene with an alcohol solution;

6. do not put the mask in your pocket or place it on furniture or shelves;

7.

if the mask is disposable, dispose of it in undifferentiated waste; if it is reusable, wash it at 60 degrees with common detergent or according to the manufacturer's instructions, if available; in some cases,

manufacturers indicate the maximum number of washings.

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ISI CALLS: TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY BETWEEN ASBESTOS REMOVAL, REDUCTION OF NOISE RISK AND ACCIDENTS FROM INJURIES OR CUTS

The Textile and Clothing sector, although it has an accident frequency index equal to almost half of that of the manufacturing industry as a whole (respectively 8 positive accidents at work every thousand workers against 17), has a higher value in terms of severity (8 injuries compensated with an life annuity or a survivor annuity for every 100 compensated against 7 for manufacturing).

With the aim of reducing both the frequency and the severity of accidents at work, Inail promotes a whole series of initiatives, making incentives available to companies through the ISI Calls, already since 2011, to carry out projects for the improvement of occupational health and safety levels.

Almost 2.300 companies in the Textile and Clothing Industry have participated in the various ISI calls from 2011 to 2019 and one in four has been admitted to the incentive (510 companies) for a requested amount of approximately 37 million euros.

In particular, 343 are the companies of the "Manufacture of textiles" admitted for a requested amount of approximately € 27,5 million and 167 those of the "Manufacture of wearing apparel" for a requested amount of approximately 9,5 million euros.

INAIL WORLD

TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY - DISTRIBUTION OF THE PROJECTS WITH RELATIVE AMOUNTS BY ISI CALLS (Amounts expressed in euros)

ISI Calls Presented projects

Admitted projects

Requested amount for admitetd

projects

Regular admitted projects

Financeable amount to regular and admitted projects

Projects

payd Amounts paid

2010 300 20 1.504.122 14 1.035.947 13 1.001.512

2011 275 48 2.667.924 35 1.895.681 31 1.544.248

2012 172 50 2.312.621 39 1.643.615 35 1.465.651

2013 266 56 3.762.309 46 3.121.250 41 2.832.720

2014 318 52 4.723.397 42 3.725.913 36 3.061.147

2015 351 64 6.019.251 54 4.634.360 48 3.919.651

2016 233 47 3.952.532 39 3.035.073 36 2.454.005

2017 189 49 4.837.504 33 2.925.128 23 1.854.841

2018 188 124 7.166.947 91 5.153.898 20 739.988

Total 2.292 510 36.946.607 393 27.170.865 283 18.873.763

Source INAIL: ISI procedure

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Until the ISI 2014 call, the most presented and admitted projects were investment ones (on average 86,7% of admitted projects), mainly projects related to the removal of asbestos.

From the 2015 ISI call to the 2017 one, the introduction of the axis dedicated to "Remediation of materials containing asbestos" and of the axis dedicated to the "Manual handling of loads" has brought down the percentage of projects admitted for investment to 36,9% and increase that relating to the projects of the Asbestos axis to 58,1%.

With the ISI 2018 call, an axis dedicated to the Textile and Fishing sector was created and 67,8%

of the admitted textile and clothing projects concerned the projects of this axis while 29,8% continued to involve the projects of the Asbestos axis.

TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY - ADMITTED PROJECTS BY AXIS AND TYPE OF PROJECT - ISI CALLS 2010-2014

TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY - ADMITTED PROJECTS BY AXIS AND TYPE OF PROJECT - ISI CALLS 2015-2017

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77% of the admitted projects of the Textile and Clothing Industry (393, mainly presented by micro and small enterprises) passed the technical-administrative verification for a fundable amount of 27,2 million euros. 90% of the projects that passed the administrative technical verification concerned companies in the North West (45%), the Center (27%) and the North East (18%) of the country. In particular, 87,5% of these projects were presented by companies with PAT² in seven Italian regions:

Lombardy, Tuscany, Piedmont, Veneto, Emilia Romagna, Umbria and Marche.

The average amount requested for investment projects admitted and financed by the companies of the "Textile Industry" went from 88,5 thousand euros in the ISI 2010 call to 106,9 thousand euros in the 2018 ISI call. Asbestos axis went from 69,1 thousand euros in the ISI 2015 call to approximately 82,7 thousand euros in the 2018 ISI call, while the average amount for the projects of the axis dedicated to textile companies in the 2018 ISI call was equal to 44,5 thousand euros due to the ceiling of 50 thousand euros.

The average amount requested of the investment projects admitted and financed by the companies of the “Manufacture of wearing apparel” went from 75,9 thousand euros in the ISI 2010 call to 127,6 thousand euros in the ISI 2018 call. The average amount of the projects of the Asbestos axis went from 70 thousand euros in the ISI 2015 Call to approximately 70,4 thousand euros in the ISI 2018 Call, while the average amount for the projects of the axis dedicated to clothing companies in the Call ISI 2018 amounted to 39,7 thousand euros.

In December 2020, 283 projects relating to companies in the Textile and Clothing sector were financed for an amount of almost 19 million euros, of which 53% concerned the removal of asbestos, 10% the reduction of noise risk, 7% the reduction of the risk of injury from injury or cuts with pointed or sharp objects and 6% the adoption of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS) and organizational and management models. 71, on the other hand, are the projects that are in the reporting investigation, mainly relating to the 2017 and 2018 Calls, for a requested amount of 4,4 million euros.

Silvia Mochi

2 PAT: Posizione Assicurativa Territoriale (Territorial Insurance Position). It is the number of the workplace accident policy that companies are required by law to stipulate with Inail for the protection of all their workers.

TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY - ADMITTED PROJECTS BY AXIS - ISI CALL 2018

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INAIL FUNDING FOR COMPANIES IN THE

TEXTILE SECTOR WITH THE 2018 ISI NOTICE

From 2010 to 2018, Inail, by issuing the annual ISI (Incentives to Support Enterprises) calls, allocated more than EUR 2 billion for the implementation of interventions aimed at improving health and safety levels in the workplace.

Companies in the textile sector, due to the low average national riskiness at insurance rate level, have often shown difficulties in reaching the minimum threshold of 120 points required by the call for applications through the virtual desk. For this reason, in 2018 Inail has allocated the “funding Axis”

dedicated to micro and small enterprises operating in specific sectors (Axis 4) also to the textiles, wearing apparel and leather products manufacture sectors (NACE 2.2 codes C13, C14 and C15), allocating a total of €10 million at national level for this Axis.

In order to direct funding towards the most significant risk situations, Inail has selected the most widespread and critical risk factors in the above-mentioned sectors (noise, accidents, chemical risk and manual handling of loads), identifying solutions for their mitigation that take into account the specific production processes.

The positive outcome of the investigation was also subject to the extent of the risks to be reduced within the enterprise’s risk assessment and to the documentation of their improvement achievable with the project.

At the end of the technical-administrative inquiry, 88 companies were admitted to funding. They chose to reduce their risks by replacing machinery, in order to reduce the risk of accidents.

INAIL WORLD

RISK FACTORS AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FROM 2018 ISI CALLS FOR TEXTILE SECTOR Sostituzione di macchine:

 per preparazione fibre e filatura

 per tessitura

 per nobilitazione

 da taglio per tessuti e macchine per cucire

 per calzaturificio

 per la lavorazione della pelle

Realizzazione di interventi ambientali che prevedono l’acquisto e l’installazione di:

 pannelli fonoassorbenti

 cabine, cappottature, schermi acustici, separazioni

 silenziatori

 sistemi antivibranti

 trattamenti ambientali Acquisto e installazione:

 di impianti di aspirazione e captazione e cappe di aspirazione Sostituzione di macchine:

 per la tintura di filati e tessuti

 per la stampa di filati e tessuti

 per la lavorazione delle pelli in fase umida

 per la tintura e verniciatura delle pelli

 per la lavorazione del cuoio

 per la rifinizione Acquisto di:

 manipolatori, robot e robot collaborativi

 piattaforme e carrelli

 argani, paranchi e sistemi di gru leggeri/gru a struttura limitata

 sistemi automatici di alimentazione Rischio legato ad attività di movimentazione di

bassi carichi ad alta frequenza Rischio infortunistico

Rischio rumore

Rischio chimico

Rischio legato ad attività di sollevamento, abbassamento e trasporto di carichi

Automazione completa o parziale di fasi del ciclo produttivo che prevedono tale movimentazione

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In the majority of projects, the reduction of this risk was demonstrated by the replacement of machines more than 20 years old, many of which were placed on the market prior to the specific laws and regulations transposing the first Machinery Directive (Directive 98/37/EC ex 89/392/EEC).

Each project requested the purchase of an average of two machines, the most popular being those typical of the clothing sector, such as fabric and leather cutting machines and sewing machines (sewing machines, buttonholers, button attachers, embroidery machines, etc.), which alone accounted for 40% of the total.

The most economically significant projects, which often exceeded the maximum amount that could be granted, were those presented by companies in the knitwear sector for the purchase of straight knitting machines and hosiery machines. This situation highlights the strong interest in renewing the machinery fleet; an interest that is reflected in the willingness to present projects that, exceeding the

€ 50,000 limit set by the ISI call for proposals, require a proportionally greater economic effort than the 35% contribution that falls on companies below this limit.

On the whole, the analysis of the projects presented highlighted the strong interest of companies in the textile, wearing apparel, leather and footwear sectors in renewing their machinery fleet which has become, in many cases, inadequate both in terms of safety and in terms of technology and performance.

Riccardo Vallerga

RISK MITIGATION CHOSEN BY ENTERPRISES, BY TYPE OF RISK

TYPE OF MACHINERY OF WHICH PURCHASE HAS BEEN REQUESTED AND APPROVED