List of Symbols c Concentration, [%] C

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List of Symbols

c Concentration, [%] Cp Heat capacity [kJ/kg K]

e Specific exergy, [kJ/kmol] F pollution penalty factor Fc Specific fuel cost , [€/GJ] h Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

i Specific exergy loss flow rate, [W/kg air] k Specific heat ration Cp/Cv, unit cost

K Total capital cost, [€] m Mass flow rate, [kg/s] M Molecular weight, [kg/kmol]

n Stages

P pollutant measure P Pressure [bar]

q Specific thermal power Q Thermal energy [kJ/s] s Entropy [kJ/kg K]

S Steam required [kg steam/kg CO2 recovery]

T Temperature [K] U Utility function

W Power [kW]

w Weight factor or Specific power x Pressure ratio parameter

Z Monetary cost, [€]

∆Hr Enthalpy reaction [kJ/kg]

∆Hsol Solution reaction enthalpy [kJ/kg] ∆Hv Vaporization heat [kJ/kg]

∆T Temperature different [k]

Ι Exergy losses [MW]

Greek symbols

β Exergetic indicator of pollutant and thermal emissions, [kJ/s]

η First Law efficiency

ε Quality Index of the energy output, as indicator Index of fuel utilization τ Temperature ratio, Heat Rejected factor as indicator

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Ψ Utility function

α intensive property

χ mass fraction of CO2 captured[%]

γ Quality index of the energy input with respect to the output

ηc Carnot efficiency referred to the maximum temperature ηe environmental indicator

ηII Second Law efficiency ηis Isoentropic efficiency λ Pressure ratio

Subscripts, acronyms and abbreviations

a air

c compressor

ch chemical

des Desorption process

e relative to the environment f flue gas, final

g Gas

H relative to the high temperature

i Initial

I relative to the first law of thermodynamics II relative to the second law of thermodynamics in input, inlet

is isoentropic k k-th resource

l liquid

L relative to the low temperature o Environment conditions out output, outlet

p pollutant

r the r-th unit (r=0 environment) s Saturated vapour

scb Scrubber sen Sensible heat sol Solution strp Stripper

227 th thermal 0 Reference state

Superscript

List of Abbreviations

ACP Aggregated Coefficient of Power Generation CCP Clean Coal Plant

CCS Coal capture and storage

HRSG Heat Recovery Steam Generator IGCC Integrated Gasification combined cycle NGCG Natural gas cogeneration plant

PCC Pulverized coal combustion power plant PM Particulate matter

TIT Turbine Inlet Temperature TOT Turbine outlet temperature