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LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1. Constants in the standard and RNG k-ε models [14]………24
Table 4.1. Low-pressure injector specifications [18]………. 41
Table 4.2. Engine specifications [17,18]………..46
Table 4.3. Injector specifications [17,18]………..46
Table 4.4. Experimental Operating Conditions………47
Table 4.5. Pollutant emissions results. The abbreviations ‘Exp’, ’CK’ and ‘S-CTC’ mean experimental, CHEMKIN and Shell-CTC………49
Table 5.1. Dual-fuel combustion operating conditions………...59
Table 5.2. Experimental operating conditions for diesel test case [14]………...60
Table 5.3. Liftoff Length Test Matrix………65
Table 5.4. Engine and injector specifications for diesel/natural gas combustion………...71
Table 5.5. Test Matrix for Cummins dual fuel engine………...…………...72
Table 5.6. Engine specifications……….76
Table 5.7. Injector specifications and main operating conditions……...………77
Table 5.8. Emissions comparison for gasoline HCCI and dual fuel two-stage combustion………...93
Table 6.1. Simulation settings for the concept validation………..……102
Table 6.2. Simulation settings for the proposed solutions……….111
Table 6.3. HD Engine specifications………..……..116