Tabella 1. Selected studies on the relationship of diabetic retinopathy and mortality

Tabella 1. Selected studies on the relationship of diabetic retinopathy and mortality

WESDR, Wisconsin Epidemiological Study of Diabetic Retinopathy; ETDRS, Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study; NPDR,

non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy; T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Adjusted hazard rate or relative risk <1.5 (+), 1.5–2.0 (++), >2.0 (+++); (NS), not statistically significant.

Study Population Follow-up Retinal Status Associations References

WESDR 1370 T2DM 16 years NPDR

PDR

+ ++

Klein et al.

(1999)

ETDRS 2267 T2DM 5 years

Moderate–severe NPDR Moderate–severe

PDR

+ +++

Cusick et al.

(2005)

Finnish 824 T2DM 18 years

NPDR in men NPDR in women

PDR in men PDR in women

+ +++

++

+++

Juutilainen et al.

(2007)

WESDR 996 T1DM 16 years Moderate NPDR or

PDR

+ (n.s.) Klein et al. (1999)

ETDRS 1444 T1DM 6 years

Severe NPDR Moderate/severe

PDR

+ (n.s.) + (n.s.)

Cusick et al.

(2005)

EURODIAB 2237 T1DM 8 years PDR +++ (n.s.) Van Hecke et al.

(2005)

Tabella 2. Selected studies on the relationship of diabetic retinopathy and heart disease

WESDR, Wisconsin Epidemiological Study of Diabetic Retinopathy; ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study; WHO-MSVDD, World Health Organization Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetes; NPDR, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy;

T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; CHD, coronary heart disease; CHF, congestive heart failure.

Adjusted hazard rate or relative risk <1.5 (+), 1.5–2.0 (++), >2.0 (+++); (NS), not statistically significant.

Study Population Follow-up Retinal Status Associations References

ARIC 1524 T2DM 8 years Any DR ++ (CHD) Cheung et al.

(2007)

ARIC 627 T2DM 7 years Any DR +++ (CHF) Wong et al.

(2005)

WHO-MSVDD 1126 T1DM

3179 T2DM 12 years

DR in T1DM men DR in T1DM women DR in T2DM m or w

+++

++

+++

Fuller et al.

(2007)

Finnish 824 T1DM 18 years

NPDR in men NPDR in women

PDR m or w

+ (n.s.) ++

+++

Juutilainen et al.

(1999)

Finnish 1040 T2DM 7 years NPDR

PDR

+ (n.s.) +++

Miettinen et al.

(2005)

WESDR 996 T1DM 20 years DR severity + Klein et al.

(2005)