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Multiple Pregnancy: Diagnosis and Management

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Multiple Pregnancy: Diagnosis and Management

Erich Cosmi MD

Department of Gynecological Science and Human Reproduction Section of Maternal Fetal Medicine

University of Padua School of Medicine

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Twin Gestation

Expected

Twins: 43,329

Actual

Twins: 96,726

1997-2000

Total births USA 15,856,807

ART

Twins Triplets

USA USA, 1995, source CDC; Reynolds et al, Pediatrics, 2003

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OUTLINE

• Chorionicity

• Complications of the twin gestations

• Anomalies in twins

• Growth in twins

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Dizygotic twins Monozygotic twins

80 %

20 %

Mahony et al, , Radiology, 1985; Benirschle et al, NEJM, 1973;Spellacy et al, Obstet Gynecol, 1990;

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Diagnosis of Coryonicity

• Sex/Placentation

• Yolk sac and membranes

• T-sign

• Twin peak or Lambda sign

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Twin to twin transfusion syndrome

Incidence = from 5 to 15% of MC twin pregnancy

No treatment = 80-90% of fetal death

Possible therapy

•Septotomy

•Amnioreduction

•Selective laser coaugulation

Hawerkamp F et al. Eur J Paediat Neurol, 2001; Mari G. et al. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2001; Ville Y et al, NEJM, 2001.

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Placental Anastomosis AV; AA; VV=unbalanced

TTTS

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Recipient

Donor

TTTS stage Quintero Classification

I Abnormal amniotic fluid level

II Collapsed bladder in donor

III Abnormal Doppler flow in either twins

IV Hydrops in either twin

V Death of one twin

Quintero et al. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2003; Ville Y et al, BJOG, 1998

Amnioreduction SLPC

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Riferimenti

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