All Eurofound publications are available at www.eurofound.europa.eu
Eurofound (2017b), European Quality of Life Survey 2016:
Quality of life, quality of public services, and quality of society, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound (2018a), Social insecurities and resilience, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound (2018b), State initiatives supporting the labour market integration of older workers, Eurofound working paper, Dublin.
Eurofound (2018c), Local area aspects of quality of life:
An illustrated framework, Eurofound working paper, Dublin.
Eurofound (2019), Challenges and prospects in the EU:
Quality of life and public services, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound (2020a), Living, working and COVID-19, COVID-19 series, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound (2020b), Long-term care workforce:
Employment and working conditions, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound (2020c), Addressing household over-indebtedness, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound (2020d), Access to care services: Early childhood education and care, healthcare and long-term care, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound (2020e), Upward convergence in material well-being: Is a COVID-19 setback inevitable?
Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound (2021a), Living, working and COVID-19 (Update April 2021): Mental health and trust decline across EU as pandemic enters another year, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound (2021b), ‘Protecting access to healthcare during COVID-19 and beyond’, blog post, 18 January.
Eurofound (2021c), ‘Wages in long-term care and other social services 21% below average’, news article, 25 March.
European Commission (2020a), European Commission report on the impact of demographic change, Brussels European Commission (2020b), ‘Communication from the Commission: Guidelines concerning the exercise of the free movement of workers during COVID-19 outbreak’, Official Journal of the European Union, C 102, 30 March.
European Commission (2020c), Analysis of shortage and surplus occupations 2020, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
European Commission (2021a), Study on exploring the incidence and costs of informal long-term care in the EU, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
European Commission (2021b), Employment and social developments in Europe, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies (2020), COVID-19 Health System Response Monitor (HSRM): Malta, web page, available at
https://eurohealthobservatory.who.int/monitors/hsrm/
hsrm-countries/hsrm/malta, accessed 14 January 2022.
European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies (2021), COVID-19 Health System Response Monitor (HSRM): Hungary, web page, available at
https://eurohealthobservatory.who.int/monitors/hsrm/
hsrm-countries/hsrm/hungary/ensuring-sufficient-physical-infrastructure-and-workforce-capacity/physica l-infrastructure/, accessed 26 October 2021.
European Parliament (2021), Report on an old continent growing older – Possibilities and challenges related to ageing policy post-2020, 2020/2008(INI), Brussels.
Finnish Centre for Pensions (2021), Effective retirement age rose briskly in the year of the coronavirus, web page, accessed 26 October 2021.
FRA (European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights) (2020), Coronavirus pandemic in the EU – Fundamental rights implications: With a focus on older people,
Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Harroui, S., Conkova, N. and Fokkema, T. (2020), De impact van het COVID-19 virus op het dagelijkse leven van Marokkaanse migrantenouderen, web page, accessed 26 October.
Helliwell, J. F., Layard, R., Sachs, J. D., De Neve, J-E., Aknin, L. B. and Wang, S. (2021), World happiness report 2021, Sustainable Development Solutions Network, New York.
Hernández-Moreno, J. and Pereira-Puga, M. (2021), On the corona frontline: The experiences of care workers in Spain, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Bonn.
Honkanen, P. (2021), Koronakriisin vaikutukset sosiaaliturvaan, SOSTE Suomen sosiaali ja terveys ry, Helsinki.
Horn, V. and Schweppe, C. (2020), Die Corona-Pandemie aus der Sicht alter und hochaltriger Menschen, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Houses of the Oireachtas (2021), Joint Committee on Health debate – Tuesday, 2 Mar 2021 – COVID-19 health related issues: Update, web page, accessed 27 October 2021.
ILO (International Labour Organization) (2021), World employment and social outlook – Trends 2021, Geneva.
Intrum (2021), European consumer payment report 2020, Stockholm.
Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (2021), Altered lives in a time of crisis: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of older adults in Ireland, Dublin.
Istat (Istituto Nazionale di Statistica) (2020), Aspetti di vita over 75, web page, available at
https://www.istat.it/it/archivio/241894, accessed 27 October 2021.
Istat (2021a), Rapporto BES 2020: Il benessere equo e sostenibile in Italia, web page, accessed 27 October 2021.
Istat (2021b), Il mercato del lavoro 2020, web page, accessed 27 October 2021.
Kestilä, L., Härmä, V. and Rissanen, P. (eds.) (2020), Covid-19-epidemian vaikutukset hyvinvointiin,
palvelujärjestelmään ja kansantalouteen, Terveyden ja Hyvinvoinnin Laitos, Tampere, Finland.
Koppel, K. and Laurimäe, M. (2021), Socio-economic impact of COVID-19: Salary subsidy paid by the
Unemployment Insurance Fund in 2020, Praxis Centre for Policy Studies, web page, available at
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Ksinan Jiskrova, G., Bobák, M., Pikhart, H. and Ksinan, A.
J. (2021), ‘Job loss and lower healthcare utilisation due to COVID-19 among older adults across 27 European countries’, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Vol. 75, pp. 1078–1083.
Kuruc, A., Valkovičová, V. and Jablonická-Zezulová, J.
(2020), Prieskum životnej situácie počas pandémie COVID-19, Inštitút pre výskum práce a rodiny, Bratislava.
Leiblfinger, M., Prieler, V., Rogoz, M. and Sekulová, M.
(2021), ‘Confronted with COVID-19: Migrant live-in care during the pandemic’, Global Social Policy,
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Leichsenring, K., Staflinger, H. and Bauer, A. (2020), Report: The importance of migrant caregivers in the Austrian long term care system highlighted by the COVID19 outbreak, web page, accessed 27 October 2021.
Litwin, H. and Levinsky, M. (2021), ‘Social networks and mental health change in older adults after the COVID-19 outbreak’, Aging & Mental Health,
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Lorenz-Dant, K. and Comas-Herrera, A. (2021), ‘The impacts of COVID-19 on unpaid carers of adults with long-term care needs and measures to address these impacts: A rapid review of evidence up to November 2020’, Journal of Long-Term Care, Vol. 2021, pp. 124–153.
Martín, M., Bastida, R. and Piqué, F. (2020), Treballar en temps de Covid-19: La experiencia del teletreball, Col·lecció Estudis UPF-BSM – No. 1, Barcelona School of Management, Barcelona.
MCLPF (M. Ciuzelio labdaros ir paramos fondas) (2020), 2019 m. veiklos ataskaita, Vilnius.
Medical Online (2021), Ennyien nem jutottak ellátáshoz a járvány miatt, web page, accessed 27 October 2021.
Miklitz, C., Westerteicher, C., Lippold, S., Ochs, L., Schneider, A. and Fliessbach, K. (2021), ‘The impact of COVID-19-related distress on levels of depression, anxiety and quality of life in psychogeriatric patients’, European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical
Neuroscience, 13 October 2013, pp. 1–14.
Ministry of Labour and Social Policies (2020), I servizi sociali italiani al tempo del coronavirus. Pratiche in corso nei Comuni italiani, Rome.
Monahan, C., Macdonald, J., Lytle, A., Apriceno, M. and Levy, S. R. (2020), ‘COVID-19 and ageism: How positive and negative responses impact older adults and society’, American Psychologist, Vol. 75, No. 7, pp. 887–896.
Morlotti, S. (2021), Emersione dei rapporti di lavoro:
ritardi e ostacoli di una procedura ‘a rischio’, Fondazione ISMU, Milan.
Nowicka, M., Bartig, S., Schwass, T. and Matuszczyk, K.
(2020), ‘COVID-19 pandemic and resilience of the transnational home-based elder care system between Poland and Germany’, Journal of Aging and Social Policy, Vol. 33, No. 4–5, pp. 474–492.
nra.lv (2021), Aija Barča: Covid-19 sāpīgi sit arī pa senioru maciņiem, web page, available at
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NZa (Nederlandse Zorgautoriteit) (2021), Gevolgen van de coronacrisis voor verwijzingen naar de medisch specialistische zorg en inzichten uit Zorgbeeld, Utrecht.
Oliver, N., Barber, X., Roomp, K. and Roomp, K. (2020),
‘The Covid19 Impact Survey: Assessing the pulse of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain via 24 questions’, Argos, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia.
Paat-Ahi, G., Randväli, A. and Purge, P. (2020),
Kaugvastuvõtu rakendamine eriolukorras, Praxis Centre for Policy Studies, Tallinn.
Pieh, C., Budimir, S. and Probst, T. (2020), ‘The effect of age, gender, income, work, and physical activity on mental health during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown in Austria’, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, Vol. 136, 110186.
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