In conclusione l’analisi dei processi, la standardizzazione dei tempi e dei percorsi e la raccolta e valutazione dei dati in modo critico, possono essere un valido aiuto per implementare il cambiamento.
Le strategie operative spesso non difficili da mettere in pratica si associano ad una riduzione del ritardo evitabile.
La ricerca di rapidi interventi ben coordinati tra loro (diagnosi precoce, contatto diretto con una singola chiamata tra medici ed attivazione immediata dei percorsi) rende possibile il raggiungimento e talvolta il miglioramento dei tempi consigliati dalle linee guida internazionali per la gestione dei pazienti con STEMI.
La “rete IMA” nella provincia di Pisa è attiva dal 2009.
Nel primo anno di attivazione solo il 9% dei pazienti poté seguire il percorso; negli anni successivi la percentuale è costantemente aumentata: 2010, 18%; 2011, 24%; 2012, 31%; 2013, 41%.
Nonostante l’incremento è evidente che ancora molti pazienti non riescono ad
utilizzare appieno le possibilità offerte dalle strutture sanitarie provinciali, accedendo troppo tardi alle cure o effettuando percorsi più lunghi che mettono a rischio la loro vita o l'esito della terapia. Per questo motivo è stata avviata una campagna
informativa che provi a raggiungere buona parte della popolazione. La campagna prevede spot a rotazione nelle tv locali, nei cinema e nelle farmacie, inserzioni sui
57 quotidiani, affissioni murali e distribuzione di pieghevoli. Grande attenzione è stata dedicata all'informazione dei più giovani; i cardiologi hanno incontrato circa 2000 ragazzi, tra i 16 e i 18 anni, di 20 scuole della provincia.
L'importanza di una corretta informazione sulla diagnosi precoce dell'infarto
miocardico è evidenziata dai dati che abbiamo a disposizione: la maggior parte di chi ne è colpito non sopravvive abbastanza a lungo per ricevere assistenza medica. È quindi fondamentale la tempestività della diagnosi e l’applicazione di un corretto percorso terapeutico.
La Toscana è stata una delle prime regioni ad applicare le linee guida internazionali che prevedono la creazione di percorsi che colleghino tra loro le diverse strutture dedicate sanitarie e a creare le cosiddette “Reti dell’infarto”. La campagna
informativa, soprattutto nei seminari tenuti nelle scuole superiori, ha voluto anche porre l'accento sulle cause dell'infarto miocardico e sui fattori di rischio: l'ipertensione arteriosa, l'alterazione del metabolismo di colesterolo e trigliceridi, il diabete mellito, l'obesità e il fumo di sigaretta.
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