Pantè C.*[1], Pugliese M.[1], Purpari G.[2], Guercio A.[2]
[1]Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie - Università degli Studi di Messina ~ Messina, [2]ISTITUTO ZOOPROFILATTICO SPERIMENTALE SICILIA " A.MIRRI" ~ Palermo
Feline calicivirus (FCV) and feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) are the two primary causes of upper respiratory tract disease in cats. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the distribution of FCV and FHV- 1 among the feline population in Sicily.
The study was conducted on 60 cats with or without clinical signs of respiratory disease from different locations, including households, breeding catteries, veterinary clinics and animal hospitals sites on area of Palermo and Messina. The samples consisted of conjunctival swabs and sections of various organs (spleen, liver, lung) collected at necroscopy.
Thirty-seven cats were young, twenty-three were adults; thirty-seven were female and twenty three were male. Were collected 129 samples (80 organs and 49 conjunctival swabs). The virus isolation was performed in CRFK cells and, subsequently, the identification was confirmed by PCR. FHV-1 alone was isolated from 18.4% of cats, FCV alone from 11,7%, both viruses were isolated from only 8,4% of samples tested. The PCR and RT-PCR confirmed respectively FHV-1 in 10% of samples and FCV in 8,4% of samples; all resulted already positive with virus isolation. They was not significant differences on gender or age. Both viruses were isolated from cats that showed no signs of disease.
The results of our study was in according with that reported in other countries. The data suggest that a carrier state is common for both viruses in the evaluated population. Both viruses were present in Sicily, but appear a more prevalence of FHV-1. The virus isolation appear more sensible than PCR in evaluation of presence of virus; however the PCR are considered the gold standard in diagnosis of these diseases.
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