The Investment Strategy on EV Cars

and the whole engine characteristics of the range extender can be set as the

advantages of high heating efficiency, compact structure and low cost. And through the related circulation system, make the engine to work efficiently, by improving the compression ratio and other methods. Adopt low friction technology, consider every two cylinder design and unique airway injection technology, to meet the overall design requirements of the car (Pero et al., 2018).

4.1.3 Improve Engine Thermal Efficiency

In the subsequent application process, the hybrid system itself puts forward higher requirements on the engine. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research on the existing basis to strengthen and improve the thermal efficiency of the whole engine. At present, in commercial use, the maximum heat rate of the whole gasoline engine is 37%, and the major automobile manufacturers are still committed to improving the thermal efficiency of the whole engine. In the research process, in terms of engine fuel consumption, the energy generated mainly includes the following five parts, including effective work, heat transfer loss, exhaust loss and combustion loss. Therefore, in order to comprehensively improve the thermal efficiency of the whole engine, the whole effective function can be completed by reasonable and effective adjustment method without changing the energy output, and the energy proportion of other parts can be reduced in the overall output. In the application of various technical means, the overall thermal efficiency can be well improved, and due to the high requirements of traditional models on the engine, the hybrid system can be based on the engine greater optimization space.

if the battery will last long enough to get them where they need to go, and if it is cheaper than the average gas or diesel passenger car. With regard to purchasing an electric vehicle, pricing is seen as the most important factor. Therefore, we believe it is important to assess when electric cars will be able to compete with

gasoline-powered automobiles in terms of cost (Larminie & Lowry, 2003).

Figure 4.1 LIKELIHOOD OF PURCHASE CONSIDERATION BY VEHICLE TYPE

Figure 4.2 MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS WHEN PURCHASING AN EV Demand 'pull' variables must take over for EV penetration to genuinely rise. An electric vehicle's usefulness must be seen as superior than that of a conventional vehicle by consumers. To do this, the cost of batteries must fall to the point where they are competitive with conventional cars. In addition to extending the range of electric vehicles, lower battery prices will also alleviate the issue of battery deterioration, which will be solved by improved technologies. If people are afraid about being "plugged in," a system of charging stations should be put in place. EVs are becoming more affordable because to recent breakthroughs in battery technology.

Higher densities and cheaper prices are being made possible through advances in chemistry and design, as well as larger-scale impacts. Superior cathodes with

increased nickel content, silicon-carbon composite anodes, and improved electrolytes that allow for higher voltages will all lead to considerable gains in energy density, specifically. 3–16 percent cheaper than the ICE versions of the VW Golf and Ford Focus during the next three years, according to Citi. An yearly mileage of 7,500 is used in the computation (based on the typical distance traveled by a privately owned car in the UK in 2016). Depreciation on EVs generally amounts for 97% of the

three-year total cost of ownership, whereas depreciation on ICEs accounts for 63% of the three-year total cost of ownership (Corbo et al., 2011).

Figure 4.3 THE PRICE OF ICE AS AN ALTERNATE TO BEV MODEL

Figure 4.4 Vehicle depreciation and fuel costs account for three years of total ownership costs.

Most analysts believe that at the present pace of battery cost reduction, pure EVs from industry leaders will achieve upfront cost parity with ICE vehicles by 2022-23, while mainstream EVs will reach cost parity with ICE cars by 2024. By 2029, EVs are predicted to be more cost competitive than even the least compliant ICE vehicles worldwide. These estimates solely include initial expenditures and do not account for ongoing cost reductions (i.e. fuel and maintenance). If we add the latter, our total yearly savings would rise by

US$700-1150.

Figure 4.5 THE LIION LARGE BATTERYPACK PRICE IS EXPECTED TO FALL TO US$100/KWH BY 2023

Figure 4.6 EV ECONOMICS ARE IMPROVING WITH BETTER AND CHEAPER BATTERIES

Figure 4.7 THE MAINSTREAM EVS COST CROSSOVER VS ICE CARS IS EXPECTED TO BE IN 2024

Figure 4.8 ANNUAL SAVINGS PER YEAR FOR FUEL AND MAINTENANCE BY REGION

In the field of future new energy investment, investment is mutual. Traditional auto giants are still investing in China. Mercedes-Benz has invested in a research and development center in Shanghai that focuses on software big data. Benz has signed a strategic cooperation intention with Ningde Times, and ningde Times' batteries will be carried in the upcoming Benz electric cars. As the epidemic continues to ravage all over the world, localization will be the first follow-up measure and development trend of Mercedes-benz in China, which can greatly reduce production and transportation costs. Mercedes-benz already produces EQC battery systems at its battery

manufacturing plant in China, and will subsequently produce and supply battery systems for EQC, EQA, EQB and EQE (Maggetto & Mierlo, 2001). The factory has been upgraded to produce all electric vehicles, including all the technological elements of the high-end electric model EQS. In the future, specific models will be put into production according to the market situation. At present, due to the impact of the epidemic, the automobile industry has seen the phenomenon of chip supply failure, and as time goes by, there is no sign of a solution. In order to realize the

implementation of Mercedes-Benz China's future strategy, stable and sustainable

supply should be maintained in all supply chains, including not only chips, but also all kinds of imported parts. At the same time, Chinese manufacturers have also started to build battery factories in Germany, including CATL, SVOLT and Farasis Energy. At present, 80% of the world's vehicle-mounted batteries are produced by China and South Korea, and There are no large battery factories in Europe.

Nowadays, with the upgrading of consumption, consumer demand is rising greatly. They not only value the use value of products, but also care more about beauty and comfort, and even more about the brand and grade of products. The same is true for automobile consumption. At present, the development of electric vehicle industry is not mature and stable, so it is necessary to increase investment in

technology, carry out scientific and technological innovation, improve industrial value and increase consumer confidence. In the case of frequent safety problems of electric vehicles, the vehicle safety is placed in the top priority. EQC's battery pack sacrifices battery life performance and leaves space as a buffer zone in case of impact. This protection structure can effectively absorb external impact and protect passengers and drivers. EQC also improves crash safety in the vehicle structure, dedicating more interior space to crashproof structure and structural deformation buffer. In the event of a collision or combustion accident, the EQC's high voltage system automatically deactivates the power according to the severity of the accident, and also supports manual deactivation. Compared with Tesla, which frequently suffers from poor quality control, uncontrolled driving, spontaneous combustion and a series of quality problems, Mercedes is expanding rapidly to increase its market share, while steadily promoting the launch of new products to ensure that every car can win with quality and reputation (Shang, 2014).

Electric vehicles are closely combined with digital networks. For the electric vehicle market, the new market brings a brand new purchasing experience and marketing mode. In order to improve the value of differentiation and customers' consumption power, the development of digital economy is also needed as the basis of enterprise development in marketing.

Different from fuel vehicles, electric vehicles need to change the original sales model, use new media to explore new channels, and improve customer purchasing and service experience. Electric vehicle companies can set up special electric vehicle sales team to focus on the new electric vehicle sales model. Use big data to tap potential consumer groups and target groups. Open an e-commerce sales platform, infiltrate from online to offline, and feedback relevant auto products to customers by means of accumulative points. In the early stage, due to low market demand and low output, the order-based production mode can be adopted to constantly improve the freshness of customers, which can also effectively streamline inventory. Customized and personalized products will increase car buying experience, improve consumer satisfaction and enhance brand value.

Guide consumers to attach importance to brand value. Brand is always a powerful guarantee for automobile sales. The brand value that consumers care about is not only an effective guarantee for product quality, grade, maintenance and

after-sales, but also an added value that will run through the whole product life cycle.

For new energy vehicles, new entrants to the enterprise if it has already been in fuel car market is brand awareness, so when entering new energy automobile industry still has certain advantages, has a certain viscosity of consumption on the one hand, the original owners, on the other hand history of mouth to play a positive role in attracting potential consumers, And customers' worries about brand life will be greatly reduced.

For new car manufacturing forces, it takes a lot of marketing and cost and a certain amount of time to acquire brand value, which is a challenge with a high threshold.

Chapter5: Conclusion

In the automobile dynamic changes, by a certain impact on the development of internal combustion engine, also pointed out the development direction for it, to its at the same time of accepting challenges from all sides, to firm its development direction, toward diversification, strengthen the power to save energy and fuel, prolong service life, lower quality, smaller volume, simplify the maintenance operation and so on rapid development direction. Based on this, it is necessary for relevant researchers to

constantly improve the internal combustion engine based on the drawbacks of the current internal combustion engine and the demand for automotive power reform, so as to achieve the desired results of the development of internal combustion engine as soon as possible and provide guarantee for the development of the automotive industry.

Although new energy vehicles occupy a small market share, from the trend of market share growth year by year, new energy vehicles have broad prospects for development. At present, most countries in the world are in the situation of oil shortage and fossil fuel shortage, and the burning of fossil energy has caused great harm to the environment. Acid rain, acid fog, haze and other weather conditions appear more and more frequently, and the proportion of people suffering from respiratory diseases in the world is also increasing year by year. Countries urgently need to find a new energy to replace fossil energy, and the use of new energy has correspondingly driven the development of new energy vehicles. Because of new energy vehicles will not discharge gas pollution, and energy sources, solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, nuclear power can be directly or indirectly used in

generating new energy cars, reduce the dependence on fossil fuels, and even make a few countries to get rid of the "oil control politics", to their long-term stable

development and construction is of great significance.

Electric vehicles have come a long way in the past few years, with the

encouragement and support of the government, the auto industry has begun to move from the era of internal combustion engines to the era of electrification. After one hundred years of development, the market share of mature diesel locomotive is the largest. However, with the development of technology, the proportion of diesel locomotive decreases, so the industry shrinks and production declines are inevitable.

This does not mean that the internal combustion engine will withdraw from the historical stage, but that the strong are left after the elimination of the weak through fierce market competition. While the ownership rate of new energy vehicles is low, they will develop rapidly in the future, seize a large number of market shares in a short time, and become the golden period of new energy development.

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