Le neoplasie epiteliali sono stadiate secondo la classificazione FIGO (Federation Internationale de Ginecologie et Obstetrie) (24).
La stadiazione è di tipo patologico cosicché l’intervento chirurgico è funzionale sia alla diagnosi che alla stadiazione del carcinoma ovarico poiché consente di valutare con precisione ed accuratezza l’estensione anatomica della malattia.
Classificazione FIGO del carcinoma ovarico I Tumore limitato alle ovaie o alle tube
IA Tumore limitato a un ovaio (capsula intatta) o alla superficie di una tuba; assenza di tumore sulla superficie dell’ovaio o della tuba; assenza di cellule maligne nel liquido ascitico o nel lavaggio peritoneale
IB Tumore limitato a entrambe le ovaie (capsula intatta) o tube; assenza di tumore sulla superficie dell’ovaio o della tuba assenza di cellule maligne nel liquido ascitico o nel lavaggio peritoneale
IC Tumore limitato a una o entrambe le ovaie o tube, con una delle seguenti caratteristiche:
IC1 Spilling intraoperatorio
IC2 Capsula rotta prima dell'intervento chirurgico o tumore presente sulla superficie dell'ovaio o della tuba
IC3 Cellule maligne nel liquido ascitico o nel lavaggio peritoneale
II Tumore che coinvolge una o entrambe le ovaie o tube con estensione pelvica o tumore peritoneale primario
IIA Estensione e/o impianti nell'utero e/o nelle tube e/o nelle ovaie IIB Estensione ad altri tessuti pelvici intra.peritoneali
III Tumore che coinvolge una o entrambe le ovaie o tube o tumore peritoneale primario, con diffusione confermata citologicamente o istologicamente al peritoneo al di fuori della pelvi e/o metastasi ai linfonodi retroperitoneali
IIIA1= Solo linfonodi retroperitoneali positivi (con documentazione citologica o istologica) IIIA1 (i)= Metastasi con diametro maggiore fino a 10 mm
IIIA1 (ii) = Metastasi con diametro maggiore superiore a 10 mm
IIIA2= Interessamento peritoneale extra-pelvico microscopico con o senza linfonodi retroperitoneali positivi
IIIB = Metastasi peritoneali extra-pelviche macroscopiche fino a 2 cm di diametro massimo con o senza linfonodi retroperitoneali positivi
IIIC: Metastasi peritoneali extra-pelviche macroscopiche di diametro massimo superiore a 2 cm con o senza linfonodi retroperitoneali positivi
IV Metastasi a distanza escluse le metastasi peritoneali IVA = versamento pleurico con citologia positiva
IVB = metastasi parenchimali e/o metastasi a organi extra-addominali (inclusi i linfonodi inguinali e i linfonodi al di fuori della cavità addominale)
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