• Non ci sono risultati.

Campagna Urbanizzata or Sprawl? Images from the Florentine Conurbation

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Condividi "Campagna Urbanizzata or Sprawl? Images from the Florentine Conurbation"

Copied!
9
0
0

Testo completo

(1)!"#"$%&!'$()*'+,)&-&!'$()*'+,)&./0&1"#"$% 2',)'%%"&34"5'5" 6/$.,0,$*,&20/*,,("$%) 71/0,$*,8&7,409'0:-;9$,&<=>< !"#$%&'()*+(,-%.$#"(-/ (0.1#$23&4($'(564(7-"'5859:; <<<'="#$%&'$+>(?(@AAB(:65;C9DD; !.-E++F2$G3(=%1"23*+F(2$(HE>-1+.(59:;. 6'?+'%$'&@04'$"AA'5'&/0&B+0'C1D E?'%,)&.0/?&5F,&71/0,$5"$,&6/$904'5"/$ @#E-=-(I+>>2. 'LSDUWLPHQWRGL$UFKLWHWWXUD8QLYHUVLWjGL)LUHQ]H LDFRSR]HWWL#XQLÀ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´FDPSDJQDXUEDQL]]DWDµ XUEDQLVHG FRXQWU\VLGH

(2) 7KLVWH[WUHÁHFWRQLI DQGKRZWKLVSURJHQ\LVVWLOOYLVLEOHDQGLPSRUWDQWIRUSDUWRI RXUVHWWOHPHQWVDQG 2/ (#$F(%$>2"(<*#>(+K>+$>(>*+(%.1#$(&#>+.2#"(2$*+.2>+F(/.-&(>*#>(=+E%"2#.(LE-%$>.J32F+M(23(>*+(=-3321"+(E-$>+$>(-/ (#(E2>J( 3>2""("27#1"+'()*+(F23E%332-$(23(1#3+F(-$(>*+(F+3E.2=>2-$(#$F(E.2>2E#"($#..#>2-$(-/ (>*+(.+E+$>(3>-.J(#$F(-/ (>*+(>-<$3E#=+( RI WKHÁDWODQGDURXQG)ORUHQFH.

(3) !"#$%&'(#)%" ,QWKHÀUVWKDOI RI WKHVHYHQWLHVZKHQWKHWHUPVSUDZOZDVQRW\HWVRZLGHVSUHDGRUZHOONQRZQDVWRGD\ #$7(;*+$(<*+(=*+$-&+$-$(;#3($-<(3-(+>27+$<(2$(?<#"@A(=#.<(-/ (<*+()%36#$(.+82-$(;#3(#$#"@3+7(1@(B2#6-&-( %HFDWWLQL 

(4) DQGGHVFULEHGZLWKUHJDUGWRXUEDQGHYHORSPHQWDQGXUEDQODQGVFDSHXVLQJWKHH[SUHVVLRQ ´FDPSDJQDXUEDQL]]DWDµ XUEDQLVHGFRXQWU\VLGH

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ÁXHQFHRQEXLOGLQJVWUDWHJLHVLQ )%36#$@A(3*#=2$8(<*+(72//%3+7(%.1#$23#<2-$(-/ (<*+(="#2$3(2$(#(/-.&(<*#<(23(J%2<+(72//+.+$<(/.-&(;*#<(*#=E SHQHGLQWKHVDPHSHULRGLQWKHEHWWHUNQRZQDQGPRUHVWXGLHGVSUDZODUHDVRI 9HQHWR ,QGRYLQD

(6)  DQG/RPEDUG\ %RHULHWDO

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ÀIWLHVWKHPRVWG\QDPLFHFRQRPLFDFWLE YLW\ DWOHDVWXQWLOWHQ\HDUVDJR

(8) DQGWKHPRVWEXLOGLQJDFWLYLW\LQVLGHWKHUHJLRQ)LQDOO\LWLVH[DFWO\WKHSDUW RI WKHWHUULWRU\VWXGLHGE\%HFDWWLQLZKHQGHÀ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ÀQDOSURGXFW7KRVHVLQJOHSURGXFWLRQXQLWVZHUHORFDWHGLQGLIIHUHQWSODFHVLQWKHYDOOH\VEXWLQVRPH ZD\OLQNHGE\DJHRJUDSKLFDODQGORJLVWLFSUR[LPLW\ 7KLV¶SURFHVVRI GHYHORSPHQWE\GLVLQWHJUDWLRQ·ZDVJRLQJRQDJDLQVWDEDFNJURXQGRI JHQHUDOGHSRSXODE <2-$(-/ (<*+(6-%$<.@327+(#$7(%.1#$(8.-;<*A(2$(<*+(6-$<+D<(-/ (#(3-62+<@(<*#<(;#3(%$7+.(#(=+.+&=<-.@(<.#$E 3/-.&#<2-$(/.-&(.%.#"(<-(%.1#$A(#$7((=.-7%62$8(#($+;(<+..2<-.2#"(3+<<2$8'(!.-7%6<2-$(#6<2>2<2+3(;+.+("-6#<+7( ZLWKLQWKHPLQXWHXUEDQIDEULFWKHSURGXFWLRQSURFHVVVHJPHQWHGWRLQYROYHVLQJOHIDPLOLHVZRUNLQJLQWKHLU KRPHVZKLOHPDLQWDLQLQJDSUHGRPLQDQFHIRUVSHFLÀ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

(9) -.(2$327+(<*+(3+<<"+&+$<3=(#"-$8(.2>+.3(-.(2$(<*+("-?+.(@#.<(-/ (<*+(*2""3=(#66-.72$8(<-(#(6-&@"+A(#$7(6#.+/%"(#$#"B323(-/ ( +6-$-&2+3(#$7(723+6-$-&2+3(-/ (#88"-&+.#<2-$=(?2<*-%<(7-%1<(?2<*(#(3%13<#$<2#"(>2+?(<-(@.2>#<+(.+C%2.+&+$<3(DEF )URPDQRWKHUYLHZSRLQWWKDWFRPSHWLWLRQKDVJLYHQULVHWRWKHIRUPDWLRQWKDQNVWRKXQGUHGVRI WKRXVDQGVRI ´LQGHG SHQGHQWµVHWWOHPHQWFKRLFHVRI DVRUWRI VHPLXUEDQLVHGQHWZRUNWKDWJULSVWKHSRUWLRQRI 7XVFDQ\FRYHUHGE\OLJKW LQGXVWULDOLVDWLRQ %HFDWWLQLSS²RZQWUDQVODWLRQ

(10) . H66-.72$8(<-(<*23(-@2$2-$=(<*+(3+<<"+&+$<(-.8#$23#<2-$(*23<-.26#""B(6*#.#6<+.232$8(<*#<(@#.<(-/ ()%36#$B(I#$7=( PRUHLQJHQHUDOWKDWSDUWRI FHQWUDO,WDO\

(11) SRO\FHQWULFDQGQRW\HWZLGHVSUHDGZDVDJRRGFXOWXUHPHGLXP /-.(<*+(7+>+"-@&+$<(-/ (#(@.-7%6<2-$(&-7+"(#$7(<*+(.+G3+<<"+&+$<(-/ (#(3-62+<B(%$7+.(7++@(<.#$3/-.&#<2-$=( EXWVWLOOPDLQWDLQLQJVRPHWUDGLWLRQDOIHDWXUHVDQGIDPLO\UHODWLRQVKLSV:KDW,ZRXOGOLNHWRXQGHUOLQHLVWKDW WKHÀQDOXUEDQHQYLURQPHQWLVPDLQO\WKHUHVXOWRI VXEMHFWLYHGHFLVLRQVPRUHWKDQWKHUHVXOWRI SODQQHG XUEDQGHYHORSPHQWOD\LQJÀUPO\RQWKHORFDOKLVWRULFDOKHULWDJHUDWKHUWKDQSURGXFLQJDQHZXUEDQSDWWHUQ #$7(-.8#$23#<2-$'. !"#$%&''#()*$+, $-(.&)$/(+0'" ¶/LJKWQLQJVSHHGHQODUJHPHQWLQDORQJVWULSRI WRZQVDQGYLOODJHV·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ÀFXUEDQODQGVFDSHEXWKDYHEHHQHQFRPSDVVHGLQWKH .+327+$<2#"(%.1#$(/#1.26'(M$(<*+(&#@3(/.-&(NO;P=(NOQQ(#$7(RSNS(2<(23(+>27+$<(<*#<=(#<("+#3<(%$<2"(NO:S(#$7(#/<+.=( <*+(&#<.2A(-/ (3+<<"+&+$<3(6"+#."B(>2321"+(2$(NOSS(3<2""(@.->27+7(<*+(/#1.26(-$<-(?*26*(#$B(+A@#$32-$(*#7(1++$( KRRNHGZLWKQRVSHFLÀF!""#$%&!#"'#(''!")*(&!#"'#+'%'(*%,,-'"*.'*/!)#0*1. '' !"#$%&'((4()*+(1%2"72$83(>2321"+(2$(<*+(&#@(-/ (NO;P(#$7(-/ (RSNS. 7KLVLVDOVRGXHWRWKHIDFWWKDWWKHURDGQHWZRUNGLGQRWFKDQJHLQWKLVSHULRGLWZDVFHUWDLQO\LPSURYHG EXWWKHRQO\QHZELJD[LVEXLOWZDVWKHPRWRUZD\ZKLOHORFDOMRXUQH\VZHUHVWLOODEVRUEHGE\KLVWRULFURXWHV 7KHVWULSRI WRZQVDQGYLOODJHVLVWKHUHIRUHWKHHIIHFWRI WKHROGYLOODJHVVWLOOLGHQWLÀDEOHE\WKHLUSRVLWLRQ ZHOGLQJWRJHWKHUDORQJKLVWRULFURXWHV%XWZKDWGRZHÀQGLQVLGHWKLVXUEDQDUHDLI ZHH[FOXGHWKHKLVWRULF VHWWOHPHQWV")LUVWRI DOODW\SLFDOIRUPRI JURZWKDORQJWKHURDGVZLWKWHUUDFHGKRXVHVDQGEDFNJDUGHQVD SRUWLRQRI WKHWRZQVEXLOWXQWLOWKHÀIWLHVVL[WLHV7KHQLQWKHVHYHQWLHVDQGSDUWRI WKHHLJKWLHVUHVLGHQWLDO GZHOOLQJVLQVRPHELJPXOWLVWRUH\EORFNVDURXQGWKHKLVWRULFFHQWUHVIROORZHGLQWKHQLQHWLHVE\WKHFRQG VWUXFWLRQRI VLQJOHIDPLO\ RUWZRWRIRXUIDPLO\

(12) GHWDFKHGKRXVHVZLWKJDUGHQV0RUHUHFHQWO\WKLVPRGHO KDVHYROYHGLQWRQHZDJJUHJDWLRQVLQVPDOOWRPHGLXPVL]HGEORFNVRI WHUUDFHGRUURZKRXVHV 7KLVLVFHUWDLQO\DQH[WUHPHO\URXJKVLPSOLÀFDWLRQEXWLI ZHDFFHSWLWZHFDQVHHWKDWH[FHSWIRUWKHSHULRG ZKHQWKHSRSXODWLRQJURZWKZDVVRVWURQJDVWRUHTXLUHWKHEXLOGLQJRI ELJEORFNVRI ÁDWVWKHJXLGLQJ /-.6+3(-/ (<*+(%.1#$23#<2-$(#$7(<*+(1288+3<(@#.<(-/ (<*+("#$7(6-$3%&@<2-$(.+3%"<+7(/.-&(<*+(3+#.6*(/-.(#($+?(. !"#$%&'()*+(,-%.$#"(-/ (0.1#$23&(4(5-$/+.+$6+(!.-6++72$83. 9(4(:;.

(13) .+327+$6+(2$(#$(%.1#$(#.+#<(6-$$+6=+7(=-(=*+(=.#$3/-.&#=2-$(-/ (>=#"?(/.-&(#(.%.#"(=-(#$(2$7%3=.2#"(3-62+=?(2$( WKHÀIWLHVDQGVL[WLHVDQGPRUHUHFHQWO\PDQ\IDPLOLHV·GHVLUHWRLPSURYHWKHLUVWDQGDUGVRI UHVLGHQWLDOOLYLQJ 6RWKHWUDGLWLRQDODUFKLWHFWXUHRI WHUUDFHGKRXVHVKDVEHHQUHSURGXFHG LQVRPHZD\

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¶KXQGUHGVRI WKRXVDQGVRI LQGHSHQGHQWVHWWOHPHQW FKRLFHV·",WKLQNLWLVQRWEHFDXVHXUEDQJURZWKZDVQRWFRQWUROOHGE\DQ\IRUPRI WRZQSODQQLQJ LQ7X@ VFDQ\WRZQSODQQLQJLVFHUWDLQO\SUHVHQW

(15) EXWHYLGHQWO\EHFDXVHKHUHSODQQHUVZHUHQRWDEOHWRJXLGHWKDW 8.-A=*<(#$7(D.-D-3+7(#(6-&D"+C(#$7(6-&D.+*+$32B+(27+#(-/ (=*+(62=?'(F=(=*+(3#&+(=2&+<(#$(#==2=%7+(72.+6=+7( WRZDUGVWKHGD\WRGD\PDQDJHPHQWRI SHUVRQDOQHHGVDQGWKHÀQDOXVHUVDQGEXLOGHUV·UHTXLUHPHQWVOHG =-(#$(%$#A#.+$+33(-/ (=*+(+$B2.-$&+$=#"(#$7("-823=26(7#&#8+(=*#=(=*23(8.-A=*(&-7+"(A-%"7(6#%3+<(%$=2"(2=( EHFDPHHYLGHQWZKHQLWUHDFKHGWKHWKUHVKROGDWWKLVSRLQWKDUGWRVROYHEHFDXVHRI DODFNRI VSDFHDQG ÀQDQFLDOUHVRXUFHV. !"#$%&')_$VHTXHQFHRI WHUUDFHGKRXVHVLQDVWUHHWRI &DPSL%LVHQ]LR. $FOHDUH[DPSOHRI KRZWKHJURZWKZRUNHGLVYLVLEOHLQWKHW\SLFDOSDWWHUQRI HURVLRQRI WKHUXUDOODQGVFDSH QHDUWKHERUGHURI EXLOWDUHDV PDLQO\EHIRUHWKH7XVFDQQHZSODQQLQJODZRI 

(16) ZLWKSLORWLQWHUYHQWLRQV #$7(/-""-A2$8(3#=%.#=2-$'(!.#6=26#""?(A*#=(*#DD+$+7(23(=*#=(3-&+($+A(7A+""2$83(A+.+(1%2"=($-=(2&&+72#=+"?( RQWKHERXQGDU\RI WKHVHWWOHGDUHDVEXWDWDFHUWDLQ QRWH[DJJHUDWHG

(17) GLVWDQFHXVLQJVRPHH[LVWLQJROG URDGVDQGOLQNLQJWKHQHZXUEDQLVDWLRQLQVRPHZD\WRWKHH[LVWLQJRUJDQLVDWLRQRI UXUDOÀHOGV$IWHUD 6+.=#2$(#&-%$=(-/ (=2&+(=*+(.+3%"=(A#3(#(6-&D#6=(%.1#$(1-7?(A2=*(3+B+.#"(B+.?(3&#""(3+6-$7#.?($%6"+2(#=(#( 6+.=#2$(723=#$6+<(/-""-A+7(#/=+.(#(A*2"+(1?(#($+A(&#3=+.(D"#$(6-$327+.2$8(6-&D"+=2-$(#$7(3#=%.#=2-$($+6+33#@ U\ FRPSOHWDPHQWRDQGVDWXUD]LRQHDUHWZRZRUGVYHU\RIWHQIRXQGLQWKHPDVWHUSODQV

(18) 7KHSLORWDQGRWKHU GZHOOLQJVZHUHEXLOWXQGHUSUHVVXUHIURPDQGIROORZLQJWKHGHFLVLRQRI VLQJOHDFWRUV,QWKHRIÀFLDOSODQQLQJ DOOWKLVODQGZDVIRUQHZEXLOGLQJV ,DPQRWGHVFULELQJDQLOOHJDOSURFHGXUH

(19) EXWWKHVHTXHQFHRI JURZWK #$7(#"3-(=*+(3*#D2$8(-/ (=*+(%.1#$(3D#6+(23(=*+(.+3%"=(-/ (#(3+.2+3(-/ (6-&D"+=+"?(2$72B27%#"(7+6232-$3'(G-(2$(=*23( FDVHSODQQLQJGLUHFWHGWKHJURZWKWRZDUGVVSHFLÀFDUHDVEXWWKHQIDLOHGWRFRQWUROWKHJHQHUDORUJDQLVDWLRQ RI WKHXUEDQERG\:KDWZDVÀQDOO\PLVVLQJLQWKLVVLWXDWLRQZDVFOHDUO\DVLQJOHLGHQWLÀDEOHGHVLJQDQGDQ. 9(4(:;. !"#$%&'()*+(,-%.$#"(-/ (0.1#$23&(4(5-$/+.+$6+(!.-6++72$83.

(20) LGHDRI SXEOLFVSDFHDVFRQQHFWLYHWLVVXH3XEOLFVSDFHKDGDVSHFLÀ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ÀF+HQFHWKHQHHGIRUQHZULQJURDGVLQRUGHUWR IUHHUHVLGHQWLDODUHDVIURPVWURQJWUDIÀFÁRZV%XWWKHE\SDVVHVTXLFNO\EHFRPHQHZXUEDQURDGVDOORZLQJ DQH[WHUQDOULQJWREHEXLOW HYHQLI IUHTXHQWO\FRQVLGHUHGQRWIRUEXLOGLQJLQVRPHSUHYLRXVPDVWHUSODQ

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ÀFDQWHIIHFWEHA 6#%3+(2$(=*23(<#==+.$(=*+(<%1"26(3<#6+(23(=*+("+/=-G+.(/.-&(#""(=*+($+>(1%2"72$8(#.+#3(=*#=(=*+(2$7+<+$7+$=( 3+=="+&+$=(6*-26+3( *#G+( 36#==+.+7(2$( =*+( =+..2=-.@'( L$( =*+( 6-$=.#.@J( 2$( =*+( #.+#3( 1%2"=( 1+/-.+( =*+( &#332G+( 7+G+"-<&+$=J(=*+($+=(-/ (3=.++=3(#$7(3M%#.+3(6#$(3=2""(1+(3++$(=-(*#G+(#(6"+#.(&+#$2$8'. ((. !"#$%&')_7KHSXEOLFVSDFHLVIUHTXHQWO\MXVWWKHWKHHPSW\VSDFHLQEHWZHHQ. !"#$%&'()*+(,-%.$#"(-/ (0.1#$23&(4(5-$/+.+$6+(!.-6++72$83. '. 9(4(:;.

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ÀHGDQGULJLGZD\DOZD\VLQWKHPLGGOHRI  ELJSDUNLQJDUHDV:KLOHFRQQHFWHGWRWKHUHVWRI WKHWHUULWRULDOVWUXFWXUHE\URDGMXQFWLRQVWKH\DUHDOZD\V MX[WDSRVHGZLWKWKHUHPDLQLQJHOHPHQWVRI WKHFDPSDJQDXUEDQL]]DWDQHYHUGLDORJXLQJZLWKWKLVVSHFLÀF /-.&(-/ (3+=="+&+$='()*+.+(23(#(3=.-$8"A(@2321"+(.28272=A(#"-$8(=*+(6-$=#6=("2$+3(1+=?++$(=*-3+(#.+#3(#$7(=*+( UHVWRI WKHFLW\ZKHUHZHÀQGEDUULHUVLQVWHDGRI LQWHUIDFHVHYHQLQWKHFDVHVZKHQJUHHQDUHDVWU\WRPHB GLDWHWKHWUDQVLWLRQ7KHGLVWDQFHEHWZHHQWKHÀQHJUDLQRI WKHODQGVFDSHRI WKHXUEDQLVHGFRXQWU\VLGHDQG WKHVKRSSLQJDGYHUWLVLQJPDFKLQHLVWRRELJLWLVQHYHUPHGLDWHGE\DQ\DWWHQWLRQWRWKHDUFKLWHFWXUDODQG /%$6=2-$#"(7+328$' )LJXUH8UEDQJURZWKDWWKHHGJHRI WKHKLVWRULFVHWWOHPHQWRI &DPSL%LVHQ]LR,WLVFOHDUO\YLVLEOHWKHGHB YHORSPHQWWKURXJKVHYHUDOVDWXUDWLRQSKDVHVDQGWKHGLIÀFXOWUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQWKHVPDOOVSDFHVRI WKH KLVWRULFVHWWOHPHQWDQGWKHQHZELJEXLOGLQJVIRUVKRSSLQJDQGORLVLU)URPOHIWWRULJKW 3DUDGR[LFDOO\VRPHWKLQJVLPLODUFDQDOVREHVDLGRI WKHUHPDLQLQJVSDFHVRI DJULFXOWXUDOODQG)LHOGVZHUH DQGVWLOODUHDUHVHUYRLURI EXLOGLQJODQGLQDJHQHUDOHFRQRPLFIUDPHZRUNZKHUHDJULFXOWXUHLVQRWVLJQLB ÀFDQWDQ\PRUHDQGXUEDQUHQWVDUHDVWURQJIRUFHEHKLQGWKHEXLOGLQJLQGXVWU\HYHQLQDEVHQFHRI DUHDO PDUNHW LQVRPHUHFHQWFDVHVQHZSURGXFWLRQEXLOGLQJVKDYHUHPDLQHGHPSW\IRU\HDUVEXWFRQVWUXFWLRQGLG QRWVWRSDWOHDVWXQWLOYHU\UHFHQWO\EHFDXVHRI WKHÀQDQFLDOFULVLV

(23) 7KHZHDNQHVVRI DJULFXOWXUHKDVJLYHQ RYHUÀHOGVWRWKHH[SDQVLRQRI EXLOGLQJVDQGZKDWUHPDLQVLVJUHDWO\IUDJPHQWHG7KHLQWHUIDFHEHWZHHQ FRXQWU\VLGHDQGWRZQLVQRUPDOO\WKHEDFNRI WKHODVWH[SDQVLRQRI UHVLGHQWLDODUHDVRUWKHERUGHURI VRPH. 9:(4(;<. !"#$%&'()*+(,-%.$#"(-/ (0.1#$23&(4(5-$/+.+$6+(!.-6++72$83.

(24) PDOOWKHUHIRUHQRWDQLQWHUIDFHEXWDEDQDOIULQJHRI WKHXUEDQDUHD7KDWLQWHUIDFHFRXOGKDYHEHHQWKH 8%#.#$<++(-/ (#(6-..+6<(.+"#<2-$3*2=(1+<>++$(<*+($#<%.#"(#$7(1%2"<(+$?2.-$&+$<(#$7(#(&#.82$(<*#<(2&="2+3(<*+( HQGRI WKHHURVLRQRI WKHFRXQWU\VLGHEXWWKHUHODWLRQVKLSVKDYHEHHQEURNHQXS$VLWLVQRWPDQDJHGWKH LQWHUIDFHLVMXVWWKHODVWSRUWLRQRI WKHVHULHVRI LQGHSHQGHQWVHWWOHPHQWFKRLFHVWKDWZLOOEHRYHUWKURZQDW WKHÀUVWRSSRUWXQLW\. !"#$%&'((4()*+(6*#-<26("#$736#=+(-/ (#(3*-==2$8(&#""(#.+#'(@-&+(/.#8&+$<(-/ (.%.#"("#$7(3%..-%$7+7(1A($+>(.+327+$<2#"( 1%2"72$83. !"#$%&'("#)*+'*,-.*$/01/2#/*&34/#(55/,/*',(%%*/*2""6*1%/$.*,"*%(7.8 7KHSODLQEHWZHHQ)ORUHQFHDQG3UDWRWKHDUHDRI FDPSDJQDXUEDQL]]DWDZKLFKLVWKHVXEMHFWRI P\GHB VFULSWLRQ LV QRW FHUWDLQO\ DQ XQSODQQHG DUHD (YHU\WKLQJ WKDW KDSSHQHG KHUH IURP WKH ÀIWLHV  VL[WLHV WR 7#<+(2$(<+.&3(-/ (%.1#$(8.-><*(>#3(=#.<(-/ (#(&#3<+.(="#$C(3-&+<2&+3(#3(#(=-33212"2<A(-/ (/%<%.+("#$7(%3+C( VRPHWLPHVHYHQZLWKVRPHVXSSRUWIURPSXEOLFSROLFLHV (8IXQGLQJIRUH[DPSOH

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‡ WKHOLWWOHFRKHUHQFHLQWKHRYHUDOOSDWWHUQRI WKHFLW\ ‡ <*+(%$&#$#8+7(.+"#<2-$3*2=(1+<>++$(1%2"<B%=(#$7(8.++$(#.+#3C(#$7(8.++$(%.1#$(#.+#3(#$7(#8.26%"<%.#"( ODQG ‡ WKHULQJURDGVWUDQVIRUPHGLQWRXUEDQURDGVEXWZLWKRXWDQ\FKDQJHVRUWUDQVIRUPDWLRQIURPWUDIÀF ODQHWRXUEDQVWUHHW ‡ WKHJURZWKRI PDQ\QHLJKERXUKRRGVWKDQNVWRWKHMX[WDSRVLWLRQRI LQGHSHQGHQWFKRLFHVUDWKHUWKDQD FRPSUHKHQVLYHXUEDQGHVLJQ ‡ WKHODFNRI IRUPDODQGIXQFWLRQDOUHODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQÀQHJUDLQUHVLGHQWLDOWLVVXHVDQGELJPRQRIXQB 6<2-$#"(3*-==2$8(6-&=-%$73' )-(<*+("23<(>+(6#$(#"3-(#77(#$(%$3#<23/#6<-.A(8+$+.#"(H%#"2<A(-/ (#.6*2<+6<%.#"(7+328$C(>*26*(23(?2321"+(2$(=#.<(-/ ( WKHUHVLGHQWLDOEXLOGLQJV PDLQO\LQWKHFRQGRPLQLXPVRI WKHVHYHQWLHVDQGHLJKWLHV

(26) DQGLQSUDFWLFDOO\DOOWKH .+6+$<(&#""3C(1%<(>*26*(23(+?+$(&-.+(?2321"+(2$(<*+("->(H%#"2<A(-/ (<*+(7+328$(-/ (=%1"26(#$7(8.++$(3=#6+3(I>2<*( VRPHLQWHUHVWLQJH[FHSWLRQV

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

(28) DWWHPSWWRFRQWURODOOWKHDVSHFWVRI WKHFLW\·VGHYHORSPHQWIDLOHGÀ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

(30) EXWLWLV QRWLPSRVVLEOHWRLPDJLQHDGLIIHUHQWIXWXUHWKURXJKDSDUWLDOLPSURYHPHQWSURMHFWWKDWWRXFKHVIRUH[DPB SOHWKHIDoDGHVDQGWKHWHFKQLFDOV\VWHPV VRPHH[DPSOHVFDQDOUHDG\EHVHHQLQ/H3LDJJHQHLJKERXUKRRG

(31)  $IXUWKHUQHWZRUNWKDWKDVWREHSUHVHUYHGDQGLQPDQ\FDVHVUHFRQVWLWXWHGLVWKHQHWZRUNRI UXUDODQG $#@%.#"(#.+#3'()*+(2$@+./#6+(1+@=++$(@-=$(#$7(6-%$@.?327+(*#3(@-(1+(>"#$$+7(6-$362-%3"?C(@-(>.+A+$@(@*+( ERUGHUVEHLQJQLEEOHGDZD\DQGPDNHWKHPFOHDUO\YLVLEOH )*+(128(3*->>2$8(&#""3(#.+(@*+("#3@(#$7(&-3@(6.2@26#"(+"+&+$@3(@*#@(*#A+(1++$(2$3+.@+7(2$(@*+(#.+#'()*+?(#.+( WRRELJDQGWKHLUVKDSHWRRULJLGWRÀWLQWRWKLVÀQHJUDLQIUDPH7KH\QHHGELJDUHDVEXWWKHELJJHVWVWLFNLQJ SRLQWLVWKDWWKH\SURSRVHDYLVLRQRI XQGLIIHUHQWLDWHGVSDFHLQVWHDGRI VSHFLÀFPLOLHXV,QWKLVFDVHWRR VRPHRI WKHIHDWXUHVRI WKHFDPSDJQDXUEDQL]]DWDFDQKHOSPHGLDWHWKHQHJDWLYHLPSDFWRI WKHVHREMHFWV EXWZHQHHGÀUVWWRDFFHSWWKHLGHDWKDWIURPQRZRQWKHUHLVQRPRUHURRPIRUWKHVHQHZVDWHOOLWHVWR ODQGLQWKLVWHUULWRU\

(32) ,QGHHGWKHQHWZRUNRI SXEOLFVSDFH KHULWDJHRI WKHSDVWEXWVRPHWLPHVDQHFHVVDU\. 9:(4(;<. !"#$%&'()*+(,-%.$#"(-/ (0.1#$23&(4(5-$/+.+$6+(!.-6++72$83.

(33) SURMHFWIRUWKHIXWXUHDVZULWWHQDERYH

(34) FDQEHXVHGWROLQNWKHHPSW\VSDFHVDURXQGWKHPDOOVWRWKHXUEDQ WLVVXH7KHSUREOHPRI UHLQVHUWLQJWKHVHDUHDVLQWKHFLW\LVÀUVWRI DOODSUREOHPRI WKHLUVL]HDVVDLGEXWZH 6#$(2&#82$+(#(/-.&(-/ (*=1.2723#>2-$(-/ (>*+("#.8+.(&+3*(-/ (>*-3+(+&?>=(3?#6+3(@#$7(%?(>-(#(6+.>#2$(?-2$>(#"3-( RI WKHEXLOGLQJV

(35) WKURXJKWKHLQVHUWLRQRI VPDOOHOHPHQWVVXFKDVSDUNLQJLQWKHIRUPRI SDUNVJUHHQURRIV VRFLDONLWFKHQJDUGHQVWHPSRUDU\JDUGHQVHWF7KLVK\EULGLVDWLRQFRXOGWU\WREUHDNXSWKHELJEORFNVLQ WKHDWWHPSWWRPDNHWKHPFRPSDWLEOHZLWKWKHH[LVWLQJSRO\FHQWULFQHWZRUNRI VHWWOHPHQWV 7RFRQFOXGH,FDQXQGHUOLQHWKDWLQWKHFDPSDJQDXUEDQL]]DWDWKHGLDORJXHEHWZHHQWKHPLOLHXDQGWKHORFDO 3-62+>=(A#3($+B+.(6-&?"+>+"=(6%>(-//'(C%>(A*2"+(A#2>2$8(/-.(>*+(?%1"26(#7&2$23>.#>2-$(>-(6-&+(%?(A2>*(1%.+D DXFUDWLF LI QRWGHVLJQ

(36) SURSRVDOVIRUFLW\PDQDJHPHQWZKDWZDVPLVVLQJZDVDJXLGLQJFROOHFWLYHO\VKDUHG 27+#(-/ (?%1"26(3?#6+'(E*#>(A+($++7($-AF(#3(2$(3-&+(-/ (>*+(2""+8#"(#$7(2$/-.&#"(3+>>"+&+$>3F(#.+(G#6>2-$3(>-( FRQVWLWXWHSXEOLFVSDFHV· =DQÀS

(37) WRWUDQVIRUPWKH¶KXQGUHGVRI WKRXVDQGVRI ´LQGHSHQGHQWµ >@FKRLFHV·LQWRWKHVWDUWLQJSRLQWIRUORFDOFROOHFWLYHSURMHFWVIRVWHULQJWKHLPSOLFLWSRWHQWLDOLWLHVRI H[LD 3>2$8(?.#6>26+3(/-.(#(8--7(>-A$36#?+(#$7(#66+?>2$8(>*+(3-&+>2&+3(%$?.+726>#1"+(.+3%">3(-/ (#(B+.=("-6#"(#$7( 2$6.+&+$>#"("-826(/-.(>*+(.+7+B+"-?&+$>(-/ (>*+(%.1#$(+$B2.-$&+$>'. !"#"$"%&"'. %HFDWWLQL* HG

(38)  

(39) !"#$%&'())"#*+","-&+"#.*''/#0"$+/,/)LUHQ]H,53(7 %RHUL6/DQ]DQL$0DULQL( 

(40) 1'#2*33&2"3&"#+4*#+/-5&/6#7-5&*,2&8#)/*$/99&#*#&--/9&,&#.*''/#3*9&",*#-&'/,*$*0LODQR H12>#.+(I+8+3>#' %RHUL6/DQ]DQL/ 

(41) :'&#"3&;;",2&#.*''/#+&22<#.&==($/F(5#3#1+""#F(<JJF(??'(KKD<L' ,QGRYLQD) HG

(42)  

(43) !/#+&22<#.&==($/9HQH]LD'$(67 =DQÀ) 

(44) >&22<#'/2*,2&?#(,#)3"9*22"#)*3#'@12/'&/#/5($&%/0LODQR%UXQR0RQGDGRUL. !"#$%&'()*+(,-%.$#"(-/ (0.1#$23&(4(5-$/+.+$6+(!.-6++72$83. 9:(4(;<.

(45)

Riferimenti

Documenti correlati

La parte iniziale del tubo di fiamma è rappresentata dal cestello, che come già detto, risulta formato da una parte cilindrica, la camicia, e dal cappello nel quale si inserisce

Disegnare il grafico approssimativo della funzione dell’esercizio 8 nell’apposito spazio sul

Jacob aveva invitato 9 amici.. La caccia

[r]

Scrivere la teoria delle piccole oscillazioni attorno a tale punto.. Verificare che esiste almeno

La divisione è l'operazione che permette di distribuire in parti uguali, di dividere in parti uguali. A) La mamma ha 6 caramelle da distribuire ai suoi

[r]

Il soggetto promotore si impegna a far pervenire alla regione o alla provincia delegata, alle strutture provinciali del Ministero del lavoro e della previdenza sociale