Measurement of associated production of vector bosons and top quark-antiquark
pairs in pp collisions at
p
ffiffiffi
s
¼ 7 TeV
S. Chatrchyan et al.* (CMS Collaboration)
(Received 13 March 2013; published 25 April 2013)
The first measurement of vector-boson production associated with a top quark-antiquark pair in proton-proton collisions atpffiffiffis¼ 7 TeV is presented. The results are based on a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of5:0 fb1, recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC in 2011. The measurement is performed in two independent channels through a trilepton analysis ofttZ events and a same-sign dilepton analysis ofttV (V ¼ W or Z) events. In the trilepton channel a direct measurement of the ttZ cross section ttZ¼ 0:28þ0:140:11ðstatÞþ0:060:03ðsystÞ pb is obtained. In the dilepton channel a measurement of the ttV cross
section yieldsttV¼ 0:43þ0:170:15ðstatÞþ0:090:07ðsystÞ pb. These measurements have a significance, respectively, of 3.3 and 3.0 standard deviations from the background hypotheses and are compatible, within un-certainties, with the corresponding next-to-leading order predictions of0:137þ0:0120:016and0:306þ0:0310:053pb. DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.172002 PACS numbers: 14.65.Ha, 13.85.Qk, 14.70.e
Although the top quark was discovered more than 15 years ago [1,2], many of its properties have not yet been fully investigated. In particular, most of its couplings have never been directly measured. The large value of its mass indicates that the top quark could play a special role in the context of electroweak symmetry breaking. Extensions of the standard model (SM), such as techni-color or other scenarios with a strongly coupled Higgs sector, could alter the top-quark couplings. A measurement of the production of a top-quark pair in association with vector bosons is a key test of the validity of the SM at the TeV scale. In Fig. 1 the most important leading-order Feynman diagrams forttW and ttZ production in proton-proton collisions are shown. The current estimate of the cross section for these processes is based on quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations at next-to-leading order (NLO), which yield0:169þ0:0290:051 pb [3] forttW pro-duction, and0:137þ0:0120:016 pb [4] forttZ production.
In this Letter, the first measurement of the cross section for associated production of a vector boson and att pair is presented. Two analyses are conducted: one based on trilepton signatures produced inttZ decays, and one based on same-sign dilepton signatures produced byttV events (withV ¼ W or Z).
This measurement uses data from proton-proton colli-sions, produced at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, cor-responding to an integrated luminosity of 5:0 0:1 fb1 [5]. The data were collected by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the Large Hadron Collider
(LHC) in 2011. As the signal would appear as an excess over a background of similar size, the background estima-tion is a focus of the analysis. The majority of background contributions are estimated using the data, while the remaining background processes are estimated using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Simulated MC event samples are generated using theMADGRAPH5.1.3.30 event generator [6], interfaced with PYTHIA 6.4 [7] for parton showering. The same generator chain is used for signal events. AGEANT4-based [8] simulation of the response of the CMS detector is used for both signal and background events. These events are processed with the same recon-struction algorithms as the data. Simulated event yields are scaled to the integrated luminosity in the data using cross section calculations to the highest order available, taking into account the trigger and reconstruction efficiencies determined from the data. In addition, the simulated dis-tribution of the number of simultaneous proton-proton collisions within the same bunch crossing (pileup) is reweighted to match the one observed in the data.
A detailed description of the CMS detector can be found elsewhere [9]. Its central feature is a 3.8 T superconducting solenoid of 6 m internal diameter. Within its field volume are the silicon tracker, the crystal electromagnetic calo-rimeter (ECAL), and the brass and scintillator sampling hadron calorimeter. The muon system, composed of drift
FIG. 1. Most important leading-order Feynman diagrams for ttW and ttZ production in proton-proton collisions. The charge conjugate of the diagrams shown is implied.
*Full author list given at the end of the article.
Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distri-bution of this work must maintain attridistri-bution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.
tubes, cathode strip chambers, and resistive-plate cham-bers, is installed outside the solenoid, embedded in the steel return yoke. CMS uses a right-handed coordinate system, with the origin at the nominal interaction point, the x axis pointing to the center of the LHC, the y axis pointing up (perpendicular to the LHC plane), and the z axis along the counterclockwise-beam direction. The polar angle is measured from the positive z axis and the azimuthal angle is measured in the x-y plane. The pseudorapidity is defined as ln½tanð=2Þ.
Muons [10] are measured with the combination of the tracker and the muon system, in the pseudorapidity range jj < 2:4. Electrons [11] are detected as tracks in the tracker pointing to energy clusters in the ECAL up to jj ¼ 2:5. Both muons and electrons are required to have a momentum transverse to the beam axis,pT, greater than 20 GeV. Both the pT and requirements are consistent with those employed in the online trigger selection, where the presence of two isolated charged leptons, either elec-trons or muons, in any flavor combination, is required to accept the events.
The full details of electron and muon identification criteria are described elsewhere [12]. Isolation require-ments on lepton candidates are enforced by measuring the additional detector activity in a surrounding cone of R pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiðÞ2þ ðÞ2< 0:3, where and are the
differences in pseudorapidity and in azimuthal angle, mea-sured in radians, respectively. For muons the total sum of the transverse momenta of the additional reconstructed tracks and of the energy in the calorimeters in the sur-rounding cone is required to be less than 15% of the muon transverse momentum in the trilepton channel and 5% in the dilepton channel. Electron isolation requirements are similar but vary depending on the shape of the electron shower. To minimize the contribution of lepton candidates arising from jet misidentification, tighter isolation and identification requirements are employed in the dilepton channels.
Jets are reconstructed with a particle-flow (PF) algo-rithm [13], a global event reconstruction technique which optimally combines the information of all subdetectors to reconstruct the particles produced in a collision. Reconstructed particle candidates are clustered to form PF jets with the anti-kT algorithm [14] with a distance
parameter of 0.5. The jet energy resolution is typically 15% at 10 GeV and 8% at 100 GeV. Jets are required to be inside the tracker acceptance (jj < 2:4), to increase the reconstruction efficiency, and the precision of the energy measurement using PF techniques. Jet energy corrections are applied to account for the nonlinear response of the calorimeters to the particle energies and other instrumental effects. These corrections are based on in situ measure-ments using dijet and þ jet data samples [15]. Pileup activity has an effect on jet reconstruction by contributing additional particles to the reconstructed jets. The average
energy density due to pileup is evaluated in each event and the corresponding energy is subtracted from each jet [16]. A jet identification requirement, primarily based on the energy balance between charged and neutral hadrons in a jet, is applied to remove misidentified jets. Jets are required to havepT> 20 GeV.
To identify jets originating from the hadronization of bottom quarks, a b-tagging algorithm [17] is employed. The algorithm identifies jets from b-hadron decays by requiring at least two tracks to have significant impact parameters with respect to the primary interaction vertex. This tagger is used here with two operating points: the loose point corresponds to an efficiency for jets originating fromb quarks of about 80% and a misidentification proba-bility for jets from light quarks and gluons of 10%, while the medium operating point provides an efficiency for b jets of about 65% and a misidentification probability of about 1%.
In the trilepton analysis, events originating from the process
pp ! ttZ ! ðt ! b‘Þðt ! bjjÞðZ ! ‘‘Þ
ðwith ‘ ¼ e or Þ (1)
are selected if they contain two same-flavor, opposite-charge leptons (electrons or muons) with pT> 20 GeV, where the dilepton system must have an invariant mass between 81 and 101 GeV andpT> 35 GeV. The presence of a third lepton withpT> 10 GeV and at least three jets, two of which are positivelyb-tagged (one medium and one loose tag), is required, and the scalar sum of the pT of all selected jets (HT) is required to be larger than 120 GeV. These selection requirements have been chosen by opti-mizing the expected significance of the measurement.
The main background contributions in this analysis are dilepton events from the Drell-Yan process and from tt events, where a third lepton is reconstructed from hadro-nization products, and WZ events where both vector bosons decay to leptons. To determine the background contributions from the data, event samples with less strin-gent requirements are used. Dileptone events that satisfy only the lepton pT and jet multiplicity requirements are dominated by top-quark pair production and are used to control the normalization of the tt simulation. A normal-ization factor of1:05 0:12 with respect to the NLO cross section is found. The normalization of the Drell-Yan and WZ simulations is determined from a control sample where all the signal requirements are met, except there are no b-tagged jets. The simulations must be normalized by a factor of 1:30 0:13 to correctly predict the number of events in the Z-mass peak in this background-dominated region. Sources of background arising from single-top-quark production mediated through a virtual W boson, in conjunction with a Z boson (tbZ), are taken from the simulation, scaled to the leading-order cross section, and an uncertainty of 50% is assumed on this yield. The
contribution from events containing a SM Higgs boson, assuming a mass of 125 GeV, as suggested by recent findings [18,19], has been estimated and found negligible for the trilepton channel.
The total systematic uncertainty is evaluated by assess-ing the relative change in signal efficiency and background yield in the simulation when varying relevant parameters by 1 standard deviation. The sources of systematic uncer-tainty include experimental uncertainties such as the background estimate, lepton reconstruction and trigger efficiencies, jet energy scale and resolution, b-tagging efficiency, pileup modeling, and the integrated luminosity. Model uncertainties arising from scale variations of the matrix-element or parton-shower matching scale and the hard-scattering scaleQ2 are also included. The dominant uncertainty comes from the background estimate and amounts to 27% of the background yield; this includes the statistical uncertainty on the number of simulated events and the uncertainty on the background scale factors deter-mined from the data all added in quadrature. All other uncertainties are less than 5%. The signal efficiencies are determined from MC simulations using MADGRAPH. In order to account for any difference due to the NLO predic-tions, signal efficiencies are also calculated using the POWHEG BOX[20–22] generator. The two simulations differ in their predictions of the signal efficiencies by 13%, and this value is taken as a systematic uncertainty. Systematic uncertainties that affect both signal and background yields are assumed to be fully correlated. The total systematic uncertainty on the measured cross section is 15%.
The event yields after applying the full event selection are shown in Fig.2. Nine events are observed, compared to a background expectation of 3:2 0:8 events. From the combination of the four decay channels, the presence of a ttZ signal is established with a combined significance of 3.3 standard deviations, corresponding to ap value of 4 104, as obtained with an asymptotic profile
likeli-hood estimator [23]. The cross section is extracted through a simultaneous measurement performed in the four decay channels, and is measured to be
ttZ¼ 0:28þ0:140:11ðstatÞþ0:060:03ðsystÞ pb:
The measured cross section is found to be compatible, within uncertainties, with the NLO prediction of 0:137þ0:012
0:016 pb [4]. A comparison of the observed and
predicted distributions for several kinematic variables is available in the Supplemental Material [24].
The same-sign dilepton analysis searches for events with the following decay chains:
pp ! ttW ! ðt ! b‘Þðt ! bjjÞðW ! ‘Þ;
pp ! ttZ ! ðt ! b‘Þðt ! bjjÞðZ ! ‘‘Þ
ðwith ‘ ¼ e or Þ:
The final set of selection criteria for the dilepton channel requires the presence of two same-sign leptons, one with
pT> 55 and the other with pT> 30 GeV, and a dilepton
invariant mass greater than 8 GeV, at least three jets with pT> 20 GeV of which at least one is b-tagged by the
medium operating point, andHT> 100 GeV. These selec-tion requirements have been chosen by optimizing the expected significance of the signal excess. To make this data sample statistically independent of the data selected for the trilepton channel, events passing the trilepton selec-tion are removed.
The benefit of searching for same-sign dilepton events is that SM processes containing two prompt same-sign lep-tons in the final state have very small cross sections. The background processes considered here include diboson production (WZ, ZZ, W, Z, WW), tbZ, triboson production, and production of vector-boson pairs from double-parton scattering. Yields from these processes are taken directly from the simulation and scaled to NLO predictions whenever available.
(ee)e (ee)µ (µµ)e (µµ)µ Events 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Data + Z t t + W t t Z + jets tbZ t t Diboson CMS L = 5.0 fb-1 at s = 7 TeV ee µµ eµ Events 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Data + Z t t + W t t Non-prompt / MisID Charge MisID WZ Rare SM CMS L = 5.0 fb-1 at s = 7 TeV
FIG. 2 (color online). Event yields after final selection require-ments, separated in lepton flavor channels for the trilepton (top) and same-sign dilepton (bottom) analyses. The expected contri-butions from signal and background processes are shown, and the uncertainty on the estimated background yield is super-imposed with a grey hashed band.
The dominant background contributions originate from nonprompt leptons or misreconstruction effects: pions in jets or decay products of heavy-flavor mesons may give rise to nonprompt lepton candidates; charge misidentification in events with opposite-sign lepton pairs results in same-sign events. These background rates are determined from control regions in the data using techniques that determine the prompt and nonprompt lepton misidentification rates from QCD dijet andZ ! ‘‘ event samples [25]. The result is an estimate, fully based on control samples in the data, of backgrounds with one or more lepton candidates that are not reconstructed from a prompt final-state lepton. These include semileptonictt decays, Drell-Yan events with hard jet production, and QCD multijet production.
The background estimate due to charge misidentifica-tion of one of the leptons is obtained from the number of opposite-sign dilepton events in the signal region and the probability to wrongly measure the charge of a lepton. This probability is negligible for muons, but considerable for electrons. From the fraction of same-sign events in a control region dominated byZ decay, the electron charge misidentification probability is measured to be 0.02% (0.3%) in the barrel (endcap) region of the detector.
Systematic uncertainties relative to experimental mea-surements or model uncertainties are evaluated in a similar manner as in the trilepton channel and are expressed in terms of uncertainties on the signal efficiency or the back-ground yield. Uncertainties on the backback-ground prediction are quantified differently for each of the background yield estimates: a 50% uncertainty is assigned to the estimate of processes with nonprompt leptons; the uncertainty on charge misidentification backgrounds is driven by the un-certainty on the measured single-lepton charge misidenti-fication probability and amounts to about 20%; the uncertainty onWZ production is taken from the CMS cross section measurement and is equal to 20%; for all the other SM processes taken from simulation, most of which have not been measured yet, an uncertainty of 50% is assigned. Similar to the trilepton analysis, the uncertainty of the signal efficiency is estimated to be 13%. All uncertainties that affect both signal and background yields are assumed to be fully correlated, whereas background prediction uncertainties are uncorrelated. The total systematic uncer-tainty in the dilepton channel is 15%. The contribution from a SM Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV to the same-sign dilepton sample is estimated to be as large as 0.8 events. The majority of these events originate from Higgs boson production in associated production withtt pairs, in conjunction with the decay channels H ! WW and H ! . This contribution is not included in the background estimation for this analysis, as doing so would assume a degree of knowledge about the SM Higgs boson that has not been verified yet.
Signal and background event yields are obtained as shown in Fig. 2. A total of 16 events is selected in the
data, compared to an expected background contribution of 9:2 2:6 events. The presence of a ttV (V ¼ W or Z) signal is established with a significance equivalent to 3.0 standard deviations and a correspondingp value of 0.002, as computed by multiplying the likelihoods of the three decay channels with an asymptotic profile likelihood esti-mator. The combined cross section, as measured simulta-neously from the three channels, is
ttV ¼ 0:43þ0:170:15ðstatÞþ0:090:07ðsystÞ pb:
The measured cross section is compatible with the NLO prediction of0:306þ0:0310:053 pb. A comparison of the observed and predicted distributions for several kinematic variables is available in the Supplemental Material [24].
In summary, the first measurement of the cross section of vector-boson production associated with a top quark-antiquark pair at pffiffiffis¼ 7 TeV has been presented. In the trilepton channel a direct measurement of the ttZ cross section ttZ¼ 0:28þ0:140:11ðstatÞþ0:060:03ðsystÞ pb is obtained, with a significance of 3.3 standard deviations from the background hypothesis. In the dilepton channel a measurement of the ttV process yields ttV ¼ 0:43þ0:17
0:15ðstatÞþ0:090:07ðsystÞ pb, with a significance of 3.0
standard deviations from the background hypothesis. Both cross section measurements are compatible with the NLO predictions. These results are summarized in Fig.3. We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and
Cross section [pb] 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 V (dilepton analysis) t t (syst.) pb -0.07 +0.09 (stat.) -0.15 +0.17 0.43 Z (trilepton analysis) t t (syst.) pb -0.03 +0.06 (stat.) -0.11 +0.14 0.28 NLO Calculations (2012) 052 07 JHEP Cambell and Ellis,
(2012) 056
11
JHEP Garzelli et al.,
CMS L = 5.0 fb-1 at s = 7 TeV
FIG. 3 (color online). Measurements of thettZ and ttV produc-tion cross secproduc-tions, in the same-sign dilepton (left) and trilepton channel (right), respectively. The measurements are compared to the NLO calculations (horizontal black lines) and their uncertainty (grey bands). Internal error bars for the measurements represent the statistical component of the uncertainty.
at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the suc-cess of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowl-edge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MEYS (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09,and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS, and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).
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P. Eerola,25G. Fedi,25M. Voutilainen,25J. Ha¨rko¨nen,26A. Heikkinen,26V. Karima¨ki,26R. Kinnunen,26 M. J. Kortelainen,26T. Lampe´n,26K. Lassila-Perini,26S. Lehti,26T. Linde´n,26P. Luukka,26T. Ma¨enpa¨a¨,26 T. Peltola,26E. Tuominen,26J. Tuominiemi,26E. Tuovinen,26D. Ungaro,26L. Wendland,26A. Korpela,27T. Tuuva,27
M. Besancon,28S. Choudhury,28F. Couderc,28M. Dejardin,28D. Denegri,28B. Fabbro,28J. L. Faure,28F. Ferri,28 S. Ganjour,28A. Givernaud,28P. Gras,28G. Hamel de Monchenault,28P. Jarry,28E. Locci,28J. Malcles,28 L. Millischer,28A. Nayak,28J. Rander,28A. Rosowsky,28M. Titov,28S. Baffioni,29F. Beaudette,29L. Benhabib,29
L. Bianchini,29M. Bluj,29,mP. Busson,29C. Charlot,29N. Daci,29T. Dahms,29M. Dalchenko,29L. Dobrzynski,29 A. Florent,29R. Granier de Cassagnac,29M. Haguenauer,29P. Mine´,29C. Mironov,29I. N. Naranjo,29M. Nguyen,29
C. Ochando,29P. Paganini,29D. Sabes,29R. Salerno,29Y. Sirois,29C. Veelken,29A. Zabi,29J.-L. Agram,30,n J. Andrea,30D. Bloch,30D. Bodin,30J.-M. Brom,30M. Cardaci,30E. C. Chabert,30C. Collard,30E. Conte,30,n
F. Drouhin,30,nJ.-C. Fontaine,30,nD. Gele´,30U. Goerlach,30P. Juillot,30A.-C. Le Bihan,30P. Van Hove,30 S. Beauceron,31N. Beaupere,31O. Bondu,31G. Boudoul,31S. Brochet,31J. Chasserat,31R. Chierici,31,c D. Contardo,31P. Depasse,31H. El Mamouni,31J. Fay,31S. Gascon,31M. Gouzevitch,31B. Ille,31T. Kurca,31 M. Lethuillier,31L. Mirabito,31S. Perries,31L. Sgandurra,31V. Sordini,31Y. Tschudi,31P. Verdier,31S. Viret,31
Z. Tsamalaidze,32,oC. Autermann,33S. Beranek,33B. Calpas,33M. Edelhoff,33L. Feld,33N. Heracleous,33 O. Hindrichs,33R. Jussen,33K. Klein,33J. Merz,33A. Ostapchuk,33A. Perieanu,33F. Raupach,33J. Sammet,33 S. Schael,33D. Sprenger,33H. Weber,33B. Wittmer,33V. Zhukov,33,pM. Ata,34J. Caudron,34E. Dietz-Laursonn,34
D. Duchardt,34M. Erdmann,34R. Fischer,34A. Gu¨th,34T. Hebbeker,34C. Heidemann,34K. Hoepfner,34 D. Klingebiel,34P. Kreuzer,34M. Merschmeyer,34A. Meyer,34M. Olschewski,34K. Padeken,34P. Papacz,34
H. Pieta,34H. Reithler,34S. A. Schmitz,34L. Sonnenschein,34J. Steggemann,34D. Teyssier,34S. Thu¨er,34 M. Weber,34M. Bontenackels,35V. Cherepanov,35Y. Erdogan,35G. Flu¨gge,35H. Geenen,35M. Geisler,35 W. Haj Ahmad,35F. Hoehle,35B. Kargoll,35T. Kress,35Y. Kuessel,35J. Lingemann,35,cA. Nowack,35I. M. Nugent,35
L. Perchalla,35O. Pooth,35P. Sauerland,35A. Stahl,35M. Aldaya Martin,36I. Asin,36N. Bartosik,36J. Behr,36 W. Behrenhoff,36U. Behrens,36M. Bergholz,36,qA. Bethani,36K. Borras,36A. Burgmeier,36A. Cakir,36 L. Calligaris,36A. Campbell,36E. Castro,36F. Costanza,36D. Dammann,36C. Diez Pardos,36T. Dorland,36 G. Eckerlin,36D. Eckstein,36G. Flucke,36A. Geiser,36I. Glushkov,36P. Gunnellini,36S. Habib,36J. Hauk,36 G. Hellwig,36H. Jung,36M. Kasemann,36P. Katsas,36C. Kleinwort,36H. Kluge,36A. Knutsson,36M. Kra¨mer,36 D. Kru¨cker,36E. Kuznetsova,36W. Lange,36J. Leonard,36W. Lohmann,36,qB. Lutz,36R. Mankel,36I. Marfin,36 M. Marienfeld,36I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann,36A. B. Meyer,36J. Mnich,36A. Mussgiller,36S. Naumann-Emme,36
O. Novgorodova,36F. Nowak,36J. Olzem,36H. Perrey,36A. Petrukhin,36D. Pitzl,36A. Raspereza,36 P. M. Ribeiro Cipriano,36C. Riedl,36E. Ron,36M. Rosin,36J. Salfeld-Nebgen,36R. Schmidt,36,q
T. Schoerner-Sadenius,36N. Sen,36A. Spiridonov,36M. Stein,36R. Walsh,36C. Wissing,36V. Blobel,37H. Enderle,37 J. Erfle,37U. Gebbert,37M. Go¨rner,37M. Gosselink,37J. Haller,37T. Hermanns,37R. S. Ho¨ing,37K. Kaschube,37 G. Kaussen,37H. Kirschenmann,37R. Klanner,37J. Lange,37T. Peiffer,37N. Pietsch,37D. Rathjens,37C. Sander,37
H. Schettler,37P. Schleper,37E. Schlieckau,37A. Schmidt,37M. Schro¨der,37T. Schum,37M. Seidel,37J. Sibille,37,r V. Sola,37H. Stadie,37G. Steinbru¨ck,37J. Thomsen,37L. Vanelderen,37C. Barth,38C. Baus,38J. Berger,38C. Bo¨ser,38
T. Chwalek,38W. De Boer,38A. Descroix,38A. Dierlamm,38M. Feindt,38M. Guthoff,38,cC. Hackstein,38 F. Hartmann,38,cT. Hauth,38,cM. Heinrich,38H. Held,38K. H. Hoffmann,38U. Husemann,38I. Katkov,38,p J. R. Komaragiri,38P. Lobelle Pardo,38D. Martschei,38S. Mueller,38Th. Mu¨ller,38M. Niegel,38A. Nu¨rnberg,38
O. Oberst,38A. Oehler,38J. Ott,38G. Quast,38K. Rabbertz,38F. Ratnikov,38N. Ratnikova,38S. Ro¨cker,38 F.-P. Schilling,38G. Schott,38H. J. Simonis,38F. M. Stober,38D. Troendle,38R. Ulrich,38J. Wagner-Kuhr,38 S. Wayand,38T. Weiler,38M. Zeise,38G. Anagnostou,39G. Daskalakis,39T. Geralis,39S. Kesisoglou,39A. Kyriakis,39
D. Loukas,39I. Manolakos,39A. Markou,39C. Markou,39E. Ntomari,39L. Gouskos,40T. J. Mertzimekis,40 A. Panagiotou,40N. Saoulidou,40I. Evangelou,41C. Foudas,41P. Kokkas,41N. Manthos,41I. Papadopoulos,41
G. Bencze,42C. Hajdu,42P. Hidas,42D. Horvath,42,sF. Sikler,42V. Veszpremi,42G. Vesztergombi,42,t A. J. Zsigmond,42N. Beni,43S. Czellar,43J. Molnar,43J. Palinkas,43Z. Szillasi,43J. Karancsi,44P. Raics,44 Z. L. Trocsanyi,44B. Ujvari,44S. B. Beri,45V. Bhatnagar,45N. Dhingra,45R. Gupta,45M. Kaur,45M. Z. Mehta,45
M. Mittal,45N. Nishu,45L. K. Saini,45A. Sharma,45J. B. Singh,45Ashok Kumar,46Arun Kumar,46S. Ahuja,46 A. Bhardwaj,46B. C. Choudhary,46S. Malhotra,46M. Naimuddin,46K. Ranjan,46P. Saxena,46V. Sharma,46 R. K. Shivpuri,46S. Banerjee,47S. Bhattacharya,47K. Chatterjee,47S. Dutta,47B. Gomber,47Sa. Jain,47Sh. Jain,47
R. Khurana,47A. Modak,47S. Mukherjee,47D. Roy,47S. Sarkar,47M. Sharan,47A. Abdulsalam,48D. Dutta,48 S. Kailas,48V. Kumar,48A. K. Mohanty,48,cL. M. Pant,48P. Shukla,48T. Aziz,49R. M. Chatterjee,49S. Ganguly,49
M. Guchait,49,uA. Gurtu,49,vM. Maity,49,wG. Majumder,49K. Mazumdar,49G. B. Mohanty,49B. Parida,49 K. Sudhakar,49N. Wickramage,49S. Banerjee,50S. Dugad,50H. Arfaei,51,xH. Bakhshiansohi,51S. M. Etesami,51,y
A. Fahim,51,xM. Hashemi,51,zH. Hesari,51A. Jafari,51M. Khakzad,51M. Mohammadi Najafabadi,51 S. Paktinat Mehdiabadi,51B. Safarzadeh,51,aaM. Zeinali,51M. Abbrescia,52a,52bL. Barbone,52a,52b
C. Calabria,52a,52b,cS. S. Chhibra,52a,52bA. Colaleo,52aD. Creanza,52a,52cN. De Filippis,52a,52c,cM. De Palma,52a,52b L. Fiore,52aG. Iaselli,52a,52cG. Maggi,52a,52cM. Maggi,52aB. Marangelli,52a,52bS. My,52a,52cS. Nuzzo,52a,52b
N. Pacifico,52aA. Pompili,52a,52bG. Pugliese,52a,52cG. Selvaggi,52a,52bL. Silvestris,52aG. Singh,52a,52b R. Venditti,52a,52bP. Verwilligen,52aG. Zito,52aG. Abbiendi,53aA. C. Benvenuti,53aD. Bonacorsi,53a,53b S. Braibant-Giacomelli,53a,53bL. Brigliadori,53a,53bP. Capiluppi,53a,53bA. Castro,53a,53bF. R. Cavallo,53a M. Cuffiani,53a,53bG. M. Dallavalle,53aF. Fabbri,53aA. Fanfani,53a,53bD. Fasanella,53a,53bP. Giacomelli,53a
C. Grandi,53aL. Guiducci,53a,53bS. Marcellini,53aG. Masetti,53aM. Meneghelli,53a,53b,cA. Montanari,53a F. L. Navarria,53a,53bF. Odorici,53aA. Perrotta,53aF. Primavera,53a,53bA. M. Rossi,53a,53bT. Rovelli,53a,53b G. P. Siroli,53a,53bN. Tosi,53a,53bR. Travaglini,53a,53bS. Albergo,54a,54bG. Cappello,54a,54bM. Chiorboli,54a,54b S. Costa,54a,54bR. Potenza,54a,54bA. Tricomi,54a,54bC. Tuve,54a,54bG. Barbagli,55aV. Ciulli,55a,55bC. Civinini,55a R. D’Alessandro,55a,55bE. Focardi,55a,55bS. Frosali,55a,55bE. Gallo,55aS. Gonzi,55a,55bM. Meschini,55aS. Paoletti,55a
G. Sguazzoni,55aA. Tropiano,55a,55bL. Benussi,56S. Bianco,56S. Colafranceschi,56,bbF. Fabbri,56D. Piccolo,56 P. Fabbricatore,57aR. Musenich,57aS. Tosi,57a,57bA. Benaglia,58aF. De Guio,58a,58bL. Di Matteo,58a,58b,c S. Fiorendi,58a,58bS. Gennai,58a,cA. Ghezzi,58a,58bM. T. Lucchini,58a,cS. Malvezzi,58aR. A. Manzoni,58a,58b
A. Martelli,58a,58bA. Massironi,58a,58bD. Menasce,58aL. Moroni,58aM. Paganoni,58a,58bD. Pedrini,58a S. Ragazzi,58a,58bN. Redaelli,58aT. Tabarelli de Fatis,58a,58bS. Buontempo,59aN. Cavallo,59a,59cA. De Cosa,59a,59b,c
O. Dogangun,59a,59bF. Fabozzi,59a,59cA. O. M. Iorio,59a,59bL. Lista,59aS. Meola,59a,59d,ccM. Merola,59a P. Paolucci,59a,cP. Azzi,60aN. Bacchetta,60a,cD. Bisello,60a,60bA. Branca,60a,60b,cR. Carlin,60a,60bP. Checchia,60a
T. Dorigo,60aU. Dosselli,60aF. Fanzago,60aF. Gasparini,60a,60bU. Gasparini,60a,60bA. Gozzelino,60a K. Kanishchev,60a,60cS. Lacaprara,60aI. Lazzizzera,60a,60cM. Margoni,60a,60bA. T. Meneguzzo,60a,60b J. Pazzini,60a,60bN. Pozzobon,60a,60bP. Ronchese,60a,60bF. Simonetto,60a,60bE. Torassa,60aM. Tosi,60a,60b S. Vanini,60a,60bP. Zotto,60a,60bM. Gabusi,61a,61bS. P. Ratti,61a,61bC. Riccardi,61a,61bP. Torre,61a,61bP. Vitulo,61a,61b
M. Biasini,62a,62bG. M. Bilei,62aL. Fano`,62a,62bP. Lariccia,62a,62bG. Mantovani,62a,62bM. Menichelli,62a A. Nappi,62a,62b,aF. Romeo,62a,62bA. Saha,62aA. Santocchia,62a,62bA. Spiezia,62a,62bS. Taroni,62a,62b
P. Azzurri,63a,63cG. Bagliesi,63aJ. Bernardini,63aT. Boccali,63aG. Broccolo,63a,63cR. Castaldi,63a
R. T. D’Agnolo,63a,63c,cR. Dell’Orso,63aF. Fiori,63a,63b,cL. Foa`,63a,63cA. Giassi,63aA. Kraan,63aF. Ligabue,63a,63c T. Lomtadze,63aL. Martini,63a,ddA. Messineo,63a,63bF. Palla,63aA. Rizzi,63a,63bA. T. Serban,63a,eeP. Spagnolo,63a P. Squillacioti,63a,cR. Tenchini,63aG. Tonelli,63a,63bA. Venturi,63aP. G. Verdini,63aL. Barone,64a,64bF. Cavallari,64a
F. Micheli,64a,64bS. Nourbakhsh,64a,64bG. Organtini,64a,64bR. Paramatti,64aS. Rahatlou,64a,64bL. Soffi,64a,64b N. Amapane,65a,65bR. Arcidiacono,65a,65cS. Argiro,65a,65bM. Arneodo,65a,65cC. Biino,65aN. Cartiglia,65a S. Casasso,65a,65bM. Costa,65a,65bN. Demaria,65aC. Mariotti,65a,cS. Maselli,65aE. Migliore,65a,65bV. Monaco,65a,65b
M. Musich,65a,cM. M. Obertino,65a,65cN. Pastrone,65aM. Pelliccioni,65aA. Potenza,65a,65bA. Romero,65a,65b M. Ruspa,65a,65cR. Sacchi,65a,65bA. Solano,65a,65bA. Staiano,65aS. Belforte,66aV. Candelise,66a,66bM. Casarsa,66a
F. Cossutti,66a,cG. Della Ricca,66a,66bB. Gobbo,66aM. Marone,66a,66b,cD. Montanino,66a,66bA. Penzo,66a A. Schizzi,66a,66bT. Y. Kim,67S. K. Nam,67S. Chang,68D. H. Kim,68G. N. Kim,68D. J. Kong,68H. Park,68 D. C. Son,68J. Y. Kim,69Zero J. Kim,69S. Song,69S. Choi,70D. Gyun,70B. Hong,70M. Jo,70H. Kim,70T. J. Kim,70 K. S. Lee,70D. H. Moon,70S. K. Park,70Y. Roh,70M. Choi,71J. H. Kim,71C. Park,71I. C. Park,71S. Park,71G. Ryu,71
Y. Choi,72Y. K. Choi,72J. Goh,72M. S. Kim,72E. Kwon,72B. Lee,72J. Lee,72S. Lee,72H. Seo,72I. Yu,72 M. J. Bilinskas,73I. Grigelionis,73M. Janulis,73A. Juodagalvis,73H. Castilla-Valdez,74E. De La Cruz-Burelo,74
I. Heredia-de La Cruz,74R. Lopez-Fernandez,74J. Martı´nez-Ortega,74A. Sanchez-Hernandez,74 L. M. Villasenor-Cendejas,74S. Carrillo Moreno,75F. Vazquez Valencia,75H. A. Salazar Ibarguen,76 E. Casimiro Linares,77A. Morelos Pineda,77M. A. Reyes-Santos,77D. Krofcheck,78A. J. Bell,79P. H. Butler,79 R. Doesburg,79S. Reucroft,79H. Silverwood,79M. Ahmad,80M. I. Asghar,80J. Butt,80H. R. Hoorani,80S. Khalid,80 W. A. Khan,80T. Khurshid,80S. Qazi,80M. A. Shah,80M. Shoaib,80H. Bialkowska,81B. Boimska,81T. Frueboes,81 M. Go´rski,81M. Kazana,81K. Nawrocki,81K. Romanowska-Rybinska,81M. Szleper,81G. Wrochna,81P. Zalewski,81
G. Brona,82K. Bunkowski,82M. Cwiok,82W. Dominik,82K. Doroba,82A. Kalinowski,82M. Konecki,82 J. Krolikowski,82M. Misiura,82W. Wolszczak,82N. Almeida,83P. Bargassa,83A. David,83P. Faccioli,83 P. G. Ferreira Parracho,83M. Gallinaro,83J. Seixas,83J. Varela,83P. Vischia,83I. Belotelov,84P. Bunin,84 M. Gavrilenko,84I. Golutvin,84I. Gorbunov,84A. Kamenev,84V. Karjavin,84G. Kozlov,84A. Lanev,84 A. Malakhov,84P. Moisenz,84V. Palichik,84V. Perelygin,84S. Shmatov,84V. Smirnov,84A. Volodko,84A. Zarubin,84 S. Evstyukhin,85V. Golovtsov,85Y. Ivanov,85V. Kim,85P. Levchenko,85V. Murzin,85V. Oreshkin,85I. Smirnov,85
V. Sulimov,85L. Uvarov,85S. Vavilov,85A. Vorobyev,85An. Vorobyev,85Yu. Andreev,86A. Dermenev,86 S. Gninenko,86N. Golubev,86M. Kirsanov,86N. Krasnikov,86V. Matveev,86A. Pashenkov,86D. Tlisov,86 A. Toropin,86V. Epshteyn,87M. Erofeeva,87V. Gavrilov,87M. Kossov,87N. Lychkovskaya,87V. Popov,87 G. Safronov,87S. Semenov,87I. Shreyber,87V. Stolin,87E. Vlasov,87A. Zhokin,87V. Andreev,88M. Azarkin,88
I. Dremin,88M. Kirakosyan,88A. Leonidov,88G. Mesyats,88S. V. Rusakov,88A. Vinogradov,88A. Belyaev,89 E. Boos,89M. Dubinin,89,eL. Dudko,89A. Ershov,89A. Gribushin,89V. Klyukhin,89O. Kodolova,89I. Lokhtin,89
A. Markina,89S. Obraztsov,89M. Perfilov,89S. Petrushanko,89A. Popov,89L. Sarycheva,89,aV. Savrin,89 A. Snigirev,89I. Azhgirey,90I. Bayshev,90S. Bitioukov,90V. Grishin,90,cV. Kachanov,90D. Konstantinov,90 V. Krychkine,90V. Petrov,90R. Ryutin,90A. Sobol,90L. Tourtchanovitch,90S. Troshin,90N. Tyurin,90A. Uzunian,90
A. Volkov,90P. Adzic,91,ffM. Djordjevic,91M. Ekmedzic,91D. Krpic,91,ffJ. Milosevic,91M. Aguilar-Benitez,92 J. Alcaraz Maestre,92P. Arce,92C. Battilana,92E. Calvo,92M. Cerrada,92M. Chamizo Llatas,92N. Colino,92 B. De La Cruz,92A. Delgado Peris,92D. Domı´nguez Va´zquez,92C. Fernandez Bedoya,92J. P. Ferna´ndez Ramos,92 A. Ferrando,92J. Flix,92M. C. Fouz,92P. Garcia-Abia,92O. Gonzalez Lopez,92S. Goy Lopez,92J. M. Hernandez,92 M. I. Josa,92G. Merino,92J. Puerta Pelayo,92A. Quintario Olmeda,92I. Redondo,92L. Romero,92J. Santaolalla,92
M. S. Soares,92C. Willmott,92C. Albajar,93G. Codispoti,93J. F. de Troco´niz,93H. Brun,94J. Cuevas,94 J. Fernandez Menendez,94S. Folgueras,94I. Gonzalez Caballero,94L. Lloret Iglesias,94J. Piedra Gomez,94 J. A. Brochero Cifuentes,95I. J. Cabrillo,95A. Calderon,95S. H. Chuang,95J. Duarte Campderros,95M. Felcini,95,gg
M. Fernandez,95G. Gomez,95J. Gonzalez Sanchez,95A. Graziano,95C. Jorda,95A. Lopez Virto,95J. Marco,95 R. Marco,95C. Martinez Rivero,95F. Matorras,95F. J. Munoz Sanchez,95T. Rodrigo,95A. Y. Rodrı´guez-Marrero,95
A. Ruiz-Jimeno,95L. Scodellaro,95I. Vila,95R. Vilar Cortabitarte,95D. Abbaneo,96E. Auffray,96G. Auzinger,96 M. Bachtis,96P. Baillon,96A. H. Ball,96D. Barney,96J. F. Benitez,96C. Bernet,96,fG. Bianchi,96P. Bloch,96
A. Bocci,96A. Bonato,96C. Botta,96H. Breuker,96T. Camporesi,96G. Cerminara,96T. Christiansen,96 J. A. Coarasa Perez,96D. D’Enterria,96A. Dabrowski,96A. De Roeck,96S. De Visscher,96S. Di Guida,96 M. Dobson,96N. Dupont-Sagorin,96A. Elliott-Peisert,96B. Frisch,96W. Funk,96G. Georgiou,96M. Giffels,96 D. Gigi,96K. Gill,96D. Giordano,96M. Girone,96M. Giunta,96F. Glege,96R. Gomez-Reino Garrido,96P. Govoni,96 S. Gowdy,96R. Guida,96J. Hammer,96M. Hansen,96P. Harris,96C. Hartl,96J. Harvey,96B. Hegner,96A. Hinzmann,96
V. Innocente,96P. Janot,96K. Kaadze,96E. Karavakis,96K. Kousouris,96P. Lecoq,96Y.-J. Lee,96P. Lenzi,96 C. Lourenc¸o,96N. Magini,96T. Ma¨ki,96M. Malberti,96L. Malgeri,96M. Mannelli,96L. Masetti,96F. Meijers,96
S. Mersi,96E. Meschi,96R. Moser,96M. Mulders,96P. Musella,96E. Nesvold,96L. Orsini,96E. Palencia Cortezon,96 E. Perez,96L. Perrozzi,96A. Petrilli,96A. Pfeiffer,96M. Pierini,96M. Pimia¨,96D. Piparo,96G. Polese,96 L. Quertenmont,96A. Racz,96W. Reece,96J. Rodrigues Antunes,96G. Rolandi,96,hhC. Rovelli,96,iiM. Rovere,96 H. Sakulin,96F. Santanastasio,96C. Scha¨fer,96C. Schwick,96I. Segoni,96S. Sekmen,96A. Sharma,96P. Siegrist,96
P. Silva,96M. Simon,96P. Sphicas,96,jjD. Spiga,96A. Tsirou,96G. I. Veres,96,tJ. R. Vlimant,96H. K. Wo¨hri,96 S. D. Worm,96,kkW. D. Zeuner,96W. Bertl,97K. Deiters,97W. Erdmann,97K. Gabathuler,97R. Horisberger,97 Q. Ingram,97H. C. Kaestli,97S. Ko¨nig,97D. Kotlinski,97U. Langenegger,97F. Meier,97D. Renker,97T. Rohe,97 F. Bachmair,98L. Ba¨ni,98P. Bortignon,98M. A. Buchmann,98B. Casal,98N. Chanon,98A. Deisher,98G. Dissertori,98
M. Dittmar,98M. Donega`,98M. Du¨nser,98P. Eller,98J. Eugster,98K. Freudenreich,98C. Grab,98D. Hits,98 P. Lecomte,98W. Lustermann,98A. C. Marini,98P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol,98N. Mohr,98F. Moortgat,98 C. Na¨geli,98,llP. Nef,98F. Nessi-Tedaldi,98F. Pandolfi,98L. Pape,98F. Pauss,98M. Peruzzi,98F. J. Ronga,98 M. Rossini,98L. Sala,98A. K. Sanchez,98A. Starodumov,98,mmB. Stieger,98M. Takahashi,98L. Tauscher,98,a A. Thea,98K. Theofilatos,98D. Treille,98C. Urscheler,98R. Wallny,98H. A. Weber,98L. Wehrli,98C. Amsler,99,nn V. Chiochia,99C. Favaro,99M. Ivova Rikova,99B. Kilminster,99B. Millan Mejias,99P. Otiougova,99P. Robmann,99 H. Snoek,99S. Tupputi,99M. Verzetti,99Y. H. Chang,100K. H. Chen,100C. Ferro,100C. M. Kuo,100S. W. Li,100
W. Lin,100Y. J. Lu,100A. P. Singh,100R. Volpe,100S. S. Yu,100P. Bartalini,101P. Chang,101Y. H. Chang,101 Y. W. Chang,101Y. Chao,101K. F. Chen,101C. Dietz,101U. Grundler,101W.-S. Hou,101Y. Hsiung,101K. Y. Kao,101
Y. J. Lei,101R.-S. Lu,101D. Majumder,101E. Petrakou,101X. Shi,101J. G. Shiu,101Y. M. Tzeng,101X. Wan,101 M. Wang,101B. Asavapibhop,102E. Simili,102N. Srimanobhas,102N. Suwonjandee,102A. Adiguzel,103 M. N. Bakirci,103,ooS. Cerci,103,ppC. Dozen,103I. Dumanoglu,103E. Eskut,103S. Girgis,103G. Gokbulut,103 E. Gurpinar,103I. Hos,103E. E. Kangal,103T. Karaman,103G. Karapinar,103,qqA. Kayis Topaksu,103G. Onengut,103
K. Ozdemir,103S. Ozturk,103,rrA. Polatoz,103K. Sogut,103,ssD. Sunar Cerci,103,ppB. Tali,103,ppH. Topakli,103,oo L. N. Vergili,103M. Vergili,103I. V. Akin,104T. Aliev,104B. Bilin,104S. Bilmis,104M. Deniz,104H. Gamsizkan,104 A. M. Guler,104K. Ocalan,104A. Ozpineci,104M. Serin,104R. Sever,104U. E. Surat,104M. Yalvac,104E. Yildirim,104 M. Zeyrek,104E. Gu¨lmez,105B. Isildak,105,ttM. Kaya,105,uuO. Kaya,105,uuS. Ozkorucuklu,105,vvN. Sonmez,105,ww H. Bahtiyar,106,xxE. Barlas,106K. Cankocak,106Y. O. Gu¨naydin,106,yyF. I. Vardarl,106M. Yu¨cel,106L. Levchuk,107
J. J. Brooke,108E. Clement,108D. Cussans,108H. Flacher,108R. Frazier,108J. Goldstein,108M. Grimes,108 G. P. Heath,108H. F. Heath,108L. Kreczko,108S. Metson,108D. M. Newbold,108,kkK. Nirunpong,108A. Poll,108
S. Senkin,108V. J. Smith,108T. Williams,108L. Basso,109,zzK. W. Bell,109A. Belyaev,109,zzC. Brew,109 R. M. Brown,109D. J. A. Cockerill,109J. A. Coughlan,109K. Harder,109S. Harper,109J. Jackson,109B. W. Kennedy,109
E. Olaiya,109D. Petyt,109B. C. Radburn-Smith,109C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous,109I. R. Tomalin,109 W. J. Womersley,109R. Bainbridge,110G. Ball,110R. Beuselinck,110O. Buchmuller,110D. Colling,110N. Cripps,110
M. Cutajar,110P. Dauncey,110G. Davies,110M. Della Negra,110W. Ferguson,110J. Fulcher,110D. Futyan,110 A. Gilbert,110A. Guneratne Bryer,110G. Hall,110Z. Hatherell,110J. Hays,110G. Iles,110M. Jarvis,110 G. Karapostoli,110M. Kenzie,110L. Lyons,110A.-M. Magnan,110J. Marrouche,110B. Mathias,110R. Nandi,110 J. Nash,110A. Nikitenko,110,mmJ. Pela,110M. Pesaresi,110K. Petridis,110M. Pioppi,110,aaaD. M. Raymond,110
S. Rogerson,110A. Rose,110C. Seez,110P. Sharp,110,aA. Sparrow,110M. Stoye,110A. Tapper,110
M. Vazquez Acosta,110T. Virdee,110S. Wakefield,110N. Wardle,110T. Whyntie,110M. Chadwick,111J. E. Cole,111 P. R. Hobson,111A. Khan,111P. Kyberd,111D. Leggat,111D. Leslie,111W. Martin,111I. D. Reid,111P. Symonds,111 L. Teodorescu,111M. Turner,111K. Hatakeyama,112H. Liu,112T. Scarborough,112O. Charaf,113S. I. Cooper,113 C. Henderson,113P. Rumerio,113A. Avetisyan,114T. Bose,114C. Fantasia,114A. Heister,114P. Lawson,114D. Lazic,114
J. Rohlf,114D. Sperka,114J. St. John,114L. Sulak,114J. Alimena,115S. Bhattacharya,115G. Christopher,115 D. Cutts,115Z. Demiragli,115A. Ferapontov,115A. Garabedian,115U. Heintz,115S. Jabeen,115G. Kukartsev,115 E. Laird,115G. Landsberg,115M. Luk,115M. Narain,115M. Segala,115T. Sinthuprasith,115T. Speer,115R. Breedon,116
G. Breto,116M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez,116M. Caulfield,116S. Chauhan,116M. Chertok,116J. Conway,116 R. Conway,116P. T. Cox,116J. Dolen,116R. Erbacher,116M. Gardner,116R. Houtz,116W. Ko,116A. Kopecky,116 R. Lander,116O. Mall,116T. Miceli,116R. Nelson,116D. Pellett,116F. Ricci-Tam,116B. Rutherford,116M. Searle,116
J. Smith,116M. Squires,116M. Tripathi,116R. Vasquez Sierra,116R. Yohay,116V. Andreev,117D. Cline,117 R. Cousins,117J. Duris,117S. Erhan,117P. Everaerts,117C. Farrell,117J. Hauser,117M. Ignatenko,117C. Jarvis,117 G. Rakness,117P. Schlein,117,aP. Traczyk,117V. Valuev,117M. Weber,117J. Babb,118R. Clare,118M. E. Dinardo,118
S. Paramesvaran,118J. Sturdy,118S. Sumowidagdo,118R. Wilken,118S. Wimpenny,118W. Andrews,119 J. G. Branson,119G. B. Cerati,119S. Cittolin,119D. Evans,119A. Holzner,119R. Kelley,119M. Lebourgeois,119 J. Letts,119I. Macneill,119B. Mangano,119S. Padhi,119C. Palmer,119G. Petrucciani,119M. Pieri,119M. Sani,119
V. Sharma,119S. Simon,119E. Sudano,119M. Tadel,119Y. Tu,119A. Vartak,119S. Wasserbaech,119,bbb F. Wu¨rthwein,119A. Yagil,119J. Yoo,119D. Barge,120R. Bellan,120C. Campagnari,120M. D’Alfonso,120 T. Danielson,120K. Flowers,120P. Geffert,120C. George,120F. Golf,120J. Incandela,120C. Justus,120P. Kalavase,120 D. Kovalskyi,120V. Krutelyov,120S. Lowette,120R. Magan˜a Villalba,120N. Mccoll,120V. Pavlunin,120J. Ribnik,120
J. Richman,120R. Rossin,120D. Stuart,120W. To,120C. West,120A. Apresyan,121A. Bornheim,121J. Bunn,121 Y. Chen,121E. Di Marco,121J. Duarte,121M. Gataullin,121D. Kcira,121Y. Ma,121A. Mott,121H. B. Newman,121 C. Rogan,121M. Spiropulu,121V. Timciuc,121J. Veverka,121R. Wilkinson,121S. Xie,121Y. Yang,121R. Y. Zhu,121 V. Azzolini,122A. Calamba,122R. Carroll,122T. Ferguson,122Y. Iiyama,122D. W. Jang,122Y. F. Liu,122M. Paulini,122
H. Vogel,122I. Vorobiev,122J. P. Cumalat,123B. R. Drell,123W. T. Ford,123A. Gaz,123E. Luiggi Lopez,123 J. G. Smith,123K. Stenson,123K. A. Ulmer,123S. R. Wagner,123J. Alexander,124A. Chatterjee,124N. Eggert,124
L. K. Gibbons,124B. Heltsley,124W. Hopkins,124A. Khukhunaishvili,124B. Kreis,124N. Mirman,124 G. Nicolas Kaufman,124J. R. Patterson,124A. Ryd,124E. Salvati,124W. Sun,124W. D. Teo,124J. Thom,124 J. Thompson,124J. Tucker,124Y. Weng,124L. Winstrom,124P. Wittich,124D. Winn,125S. Abdullin,126M. Albrow,126 J. Anderson,126G. Apollinari,126L. A. T. Bauerdick,126A. Beretvas,126J. Berryhill,126P. C. Bhat,126K. Burkett,126
J. N. Butler,126V. Chetluru,126H. W. K. Cheung,126F. Chlebana,126S. Cihangir,126V. D. Elvira,126I. Fisk,126 J. Freeman,126Y. Gao,126D. Green,126O. Gutsche,126J. Hanlon,126R. M. Harris,126J. Hirschauer,126 B. Hooberman,126S. Jindariani,126M. Johnson,126U. Joshi,126B. Klima,126S. Kunori,126S. Kwan,126
C. Leonidopoulos,126,cccJ. Linacre,126D. Lincoln,126R. Lipton,126J. Lykken,126K. Maeshima,126 J. M. Marraffino,126V. I. Martinez Outschoorn,126S. Maruyama,126D. Mason,126P. McBride,126K. Mishra,126
S. Mrenna,126Y. Musienko,126,dddC. Newman-Holmes,126V. O’Dell,126E. Sexton-Kennedy,126S. Sharma,126 W. J. Spalding,126L. Spiegel,126L. Taylor,126S. Tkaczyk,126N. V. Tran,126L. Uplegger,126E. W. Vaandering,126
R. Vidal,126J. Whitmore,126W. Wu,126F. Yang,126J. C. Yun,126D. Acosta,127P. Avery,127D. Bourilkov,127 M. Chen,127T. Cheng,127S. Das,127M. De Gruttola,127G. P. Di Giovanni,127D. Dobur,127A. Drozdetskiy,127
R. D. Field,127M. Fisher,127Y. Fu,127I. K. Furic,127J. Gartner,127J. Hugon,127B. Kim,127J. Konigsberg,127 A. Korytov,127A. Kropivnitskaya,127T. Kypreos,127J. F. Low,127K. Matchev,127P. Milenovic,127,eee G. Mitselmakher,127L. Muniz,127M. Park,127R. Remington,127A. Rinkevicius,127P. Sellers,127N. Skhirtladze,127
M. Snowball,127J. Yelton,127M. Zakaria,127V. Gaultney,128S. Hewamanage,128L. M. Lebolo,128S. Linn,128 P. Markowitz,128G. Martinez,128J. L. Rodriguez,128T. Adams,129A. Askew,129J. Bochenek,129J. Chen,129 B. Diamond,129S. V. Gleyzer,129J. Haas,129S. Hagopian,129V. Hagopian,129M. Jenkins,129K. F. Johnson,129
H. Prosper,129V. Veeraraghavan,129M. Weinberg,129M. M. Baarmand,130B. Dorney,130M. Hohlmann,130 H. Kalakhety,130I. Vodopiyanov,130F. Yumiceva,130M. R. Adams,131L. Apanasevich,131Y. Bai,131V. E. Bazterra,131 R. R. Betts,131I. Bucinskaite,131J. Callner,131R. Cavanaugh,131O. Evdokimov,131L. Gauthier,131C. E. Gerber,131
D. J. Hofman,131S. Khalatyan,131F. Lacroix,131C. O’Brien,131C. Silkworth,131D. Strom,131P. Turner,131 N. Varelas,131U. Akgun,132E. A. Albayrak,132B. Bilki,132,fffW. Clarida,132F. Duru,132S. Griffiths,132J.-P. Merlo,132
H. Mermerkaya,132,gggA. Mestvirishvili,132A. Moeller,132J. Nachtman,132C. R. Newsom,132E. Norbeck,132 Y. Onel,132F. Ozok,132,xxS. Sen,132P. Tan,132E. Tiras,132J. Wetzel,132T. Yetkin,132,hhhK. Yi,132B. A. Barnett,133
B. Blumenfeld,133S. Bolognesi,133D. Fehling,133G. Giurgiu,133A. V. Gritsan,133G. Hu,133P. Maksimovic,133 M. Swartz,133A. Whitbeck,133P. Baringer,134A. Bean,134G. Benelli,134R. P. Kenny Iii,134M. Murray,134
D. Noonan,134S. Sanders,134R. Stringer,134G. Tinti,134J. S. Wood,134A. F. Barfuss,135T. Bolton,135 I. Chakaberia,135A. Ivanov,135S. Khalil,135M. Makouski,135Y. Maravin,135S. Shrestha,135I. Svintradze,135 J. Gronberg,136D. Lange,136F. Rebassoo,136D. Wright,136A. Baden,137B. Calvert,137S. C. Eno,137J. A. Gomez,137
N. J. Hadley,137R. G. Kellogg,137M. Kirn,137T. Kolberg,137Y. Lu,137M. Marionneau,137A. C. Mignerey,137 K. Pedro,137A. Peterman,137A. Skuja,137J. Temple,137M. B. Tonjes,137S. C. Tonwar,137A. Apyan,138G. Bauer,138
J. Bendavid,138W. Busza,138E. Butz,138I. A. Cali,138M. Chan,138V. Dutta,138G. Gomez Ceballos,138 M. Goncharov,138Y. Kim,138M. Klute,138K. Krajczar,138,iiiA. Levin,138P. D. Luckey,138T. Ma,138S. Nahn,138
C. Paus,138D. Ralph,138C. Roland,138G. Roland,138M. Rudolph,138G. S. F. Stephans,138F. Sto¨ckli,138 K. Sumorok,138K. Sung,138D. Velicanu,138E. A. Wenger,138R. Wolf,138B. Wyslouch,138M. Yang,138Y. Yilmaz,138
J. Haupt,139S. C. Kao,139K. Klapoetke,139Y. Kubota,139J. Mans,139N. Pastika,139R. Rusack,139M. Sasseville,139 A. Singovsky,139N. Tambe,139J. Turkewitz,139L. M. Cremaldi,140R. Kroeger,140L. Perera,140R. Rahmat,140 D. A. Sanders,140E. Avdeeva,141K. Bloom,141S. Bose,141D. R. Claes,141A. Dominguez,141M. Eads,141J. Keller,141
I. Kravchenko,141J. Lazo-Flores,141S. Malik,141G. R. Snow,141A. Godshalk,142I. Iashvili,142S. Jain,142 A. Kharchilava,142A. Kumar,142S. Rappoccio,142Z. Wan,142G. Alverson,143E. Barberis,143D. Baumgartel,143 M. Chasco,143J. Haley,143D. Nash,143T. Orimoto,143D. Trocino,143D. Wood,143J. Zhang,143A. Anastassov,144
K. A. Hahn,144A. Kubik,144L. Lusito,144N. Mucia,144N. Odell,144R. A. Ofierzynski,144B. Pollack,144 A. Pozdnyakov,144M. Schmitt,144S. Stoynev,144M. Velasco,144S. Won,144D. Berry,145A. Brinkerhoff,145 K. M. Chan,145M. Hildreth,145C. Jessop,145D. J. Karmgard,145J. Kolb,145K. Lannon,145W. Luo,145S. Lynch,145
N. Marinelli,145D. M. Morse,145T. Pearson,145M. Planer,145R. Ruchti,145J. Slaunwhite,145N. Valls,145 M. Wayne,145M. Wolf,145L. Antonelli,146B. Bylsma,146L. S. Durkin,146C. Hill,146R. Hughes,146K. Kotov,146 T. Y. Ling,146D. Puigh,146M. Rodenburg,146C. Vuosalo,146G. Williams,146B. L. Winer,146E. Berry,147P. Elmer,147
V. Halyo,147P. Hebda,147J. Hegeman,147A. Hunt,147P. Jindal,147S. A. Koay,147D. Lopes Pegna,147P. Lujan,147 D. Marlow,147T. Medvedeva,147M. Mooney,147J. Olsen,147P. Piroue´,147X. Quan,147A. Raval,147H. Saka,147
D. Stickland,147C. Tully,147J. S. Werner,147S. C. Zenz,147A. Zuranski,147E. Brownson,148A. Lopez,148 H. Mendez,148J. E. Ramirez Vargas,148E. Alagoz,149V. E. Barnes,149D. Benedetti,149G. Bolla,149D. Bortoletto,149
M. De Mattia,149A. Everett,149Z. Hu,149M. Jones,149O. Koybasi,149M. Kress,149A. T. Laasanen,149 N. Leonardo,149V. Maroussov,149P. Merkel,149D. H. Miller,149N. Neumeister,149I. Shipsey,149D. Silvers,149 A. Svyatkovskiy,149M. Vidal Marono,149H. D. Yoo,149J. Zablocki,149Y. Zheng,149S. Guragain,150N. Parashar,150
A. Adair,151B. Akgun,151C. Boulahouache,151K. M. Ecklund,151F. J. M. Geurts,151W. Li,151B. P. Padley,151 R. Redjimi,151J. Roberts,151J. Zabel,151B. Betchart,152A. Bodek,152Y. S. Chung,152R. Covarelli,152 P. de Barbaro,152R. Demina,152Y. Eshaq,152T. Ferbel,152A. Garcia-Bellido,152P. Goldenzweig,152J. Han,152 A. Harel,152D. C. Miner,152D. Vishnevskiy,152M. Zielinski,152A. Bhatti,153R. Ciesielski,153L. Demortier,153
K. Goulianos,153G. Lungu,153S. Malik,153C. Mesropian,153S. Arora,154A. Barker,154J. P. Chou,154 C. Contreras-Campana,154E. Contreras-Campana,154D. Duggan,154D. Ferencek,154Y. Gershtein,154R. Gray,154 E. Halkiadakis,154D. Hidas,154A. Lath,154S. Panwalkar,154M. Park,154R. Patel,154V. Rekovic,154J. Robles,154 K. Rose,154S. Salur,154S. Schnetzer,154C. Seitz,154S. Somalwar,154R. Stone,154S. Thomas,154M. Walker,154
G. Cerizza,155M. Hollingsworth,155S. Spanier,155Z. C. Yang,155A. York,155R. Eusebi,156W. Flanagan,156 J. Gilmore,156T. Kamon,156,jjjV. Khotilovich,156R. Montalvo,156I. Osipenkov,156Y. Pakhotin,156A. Perloff,156 J. Roe,156A. Safonov,156T. Sakuma,156S. Sengupta,156I. Suarez,156A. Tatarinov,156D. Toback,156N. Akchurin,157
J. Damgov,157C. Dragoiu,157P. R. Dudero,157C. Jeong,157K. Kovitanggoon,157S. W. Lee,157T. Libeiro,157 I. Volobouev,157E. Appelt,158A. G. Delannoy,158C. Florez,158S. Greene,158A. Gurrola,158W. Johns,158P. Kurt,158 C. Maguire,158A. Melo,158M. Sharma,158P. Sheldon,158B. Snook,158S. Tuo,158J. Velkovska,158M. W. Arenton,159
M. Balazs,159S. Boutle,159B. Cox,159B. Francis,159J. Goodell,159R. Hirosky,159A. Ledovskoy,159C. Lin,159 C. Neu,159J. Wood,159S. Gollapinni,160R. Harr,160P. E. Karchin,160C. Kottachchi Kankanamge Don,160 P. Lamichhane,160A. Sakharov,160M. Anderson,161D. A. Belknap,161L. Borrello,161D. Carlsmith,161M. Cepeda,161
S. Dasu,161E. Friis,161L. Gray,161K. S. Grogg,161M. Grothe,161R. Hall-Wilton,161M. Herndon,161A. Herve´,161 P. Klabbers,161J. Klukas,161A. Lanaro,161C. Lazaridis,161R. Loveless,161A. Mohapatra,161M. U. Mozer,161
I. Ojalvo,161F. Palmonari,161G. A. Pierro,161I. Ross,161A. Savin,161W. H. Smith,161and J. Swanson161 (CMS Collaboration)
1Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia 2Institut fu¨r Hochenergiephysik der OeAW, Wien, Austria 3National Centre for Particle and High Energy Physics, Minsk, Belarus
4Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium 5Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium 6
Universite´ Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
7Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
8Universite´ Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium 9Universite´ de Mons, Mons, Belgium
10Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 11Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
12aUniversidade Estadual Paulista, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil 12bUniversidade Federal do ABC, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil 13Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria
14University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria 15Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
16State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China 17Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
18Technical University of Split, Split, Croatia 19
University of Split, Split, Croatia
20Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia 21University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus 22Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
23Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt,
Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
24National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia 25Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
26Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland 27Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
28DSM/IRFU, CEA/Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
29Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
30Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Universite´ de Strasbourg, Universite´ de Haute Alsace Mulhouse,
CNRS/IN2P3, Strasbourg, France
31Universite´ de Lyon, Universite´ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucle´aire de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France 32Institute of High Energy Physics and Informatization, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
33
RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
34RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany 35RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany
36Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany 37University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany 38Institut fu¨r Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe, Germany
39Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece 40University of Athens, Athens, Greece
41University of Ioa´nnina, Ioa´nnina, Greece
42KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary 43Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
44University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary 45Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
46University of Delhi, Delhi, India 47Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
48Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India 49Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-EHEP, Mumbai, India 50Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-HECR, Mumbai, India 51Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
52aINFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy 52bUniversita` di Bari, Bari, Italy 52cPolitecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy 53aINFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
53b
Universita` di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
54aINFN Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy 54bUniversita` di Catania, Catania, Italy 55aINFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
55bUniversita` di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
56INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy 57aINFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
57bUniversita` di Genova, Genova, Italy 58aINFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
58b
Universita` di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
59aINFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy 59bUniversita` di Napoli ’Federico II’, Napoli, Italy 59cUniversita` della Basilicata (Potenza), Napoli, Italy
60aINFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy 60bUniversita` di Padova, Padova, Italy 60cUniversita` di Trento (Trento), Padova, Italy
61aINFN Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy 61bUniversita` di Pavia, Pavia, Italy 62aINFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
62bUniversita` di Perugia, Perugia, Italy 63aINFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
63b
Universita` di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
63cScuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Pisa, Italy 64aINFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
64bUniversita` di Roma, Roma, Italy 65aINFN Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
65bUniversita` di Torino, Torino, Italy
65cUniversita` del Piemonte Orientale (Novara), Torino, Italy 66aINFN Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
66bUniversita` di Trieste, Trieste, Italy 67Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
68Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
69Chonnam National University, Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea 70Korea University, Seoul, Korea
71University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea 72Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
73Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania 74
Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
75Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico 76Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico 77Universidad Auto´noma de San Luis Potosı´, San Luis Potosı´, Mexico
78University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand 79University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
80National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 81National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland
82Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland 83Laborato´rio de Instrumentac¸a˜o e Fı´sica Experimental de Partı´culas, Lisboa, Portugal
84Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
85Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St. Petersburg), Russia 86Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
87Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia 88P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
89Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 90State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia 91University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
92Centro de Investigaciones Energe´ticas Medioambientales y Tecnolo´gicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain 93Universidad Auto´noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
94Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
95Instituto de Fı´sica de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain 96CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
97
Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
98Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 99Universita¨t Zu¨rich, Zurich, Switzerland
100National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan 101National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
102Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand 103Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
104Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey 105Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
106
Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
107National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine 108University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
109Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom 110Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
111Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom 112Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
113The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA 114Boston University, Boston, Louisian, USA 115Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA 116University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA 117University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
118University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA 119
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
120University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA 121California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
122Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA 123University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
124Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA 125Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA 126Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
127University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA 128Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
129Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA 130Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA 131University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, Illinois, USA
132The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA 133Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
134The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA 135
Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
136Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA 137University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA 138Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
139University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA 140University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA 141University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA 142State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
143Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 144Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA 145University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
146The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA 147Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA 148University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 149Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA 150Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, Indiana, USA
151Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA 152University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA 153The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
154Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA 155University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
156Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA 157Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA 158
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
159University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA 160Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA 161University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA aDeceased.
bAlso at Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.
cAlso at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland. dAlso at National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia. e
Also at California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
fAlso at Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France. gAlso at Suez Canal University, Suez, Egypt.
iAlso at Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. jAlso at Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt. kAlso at British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
lNow at Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
mAlso at National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland. nAlso at Universite´ de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. oAlso at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia.
pAlso at Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. qAlso at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany.
rAlso at The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
sAlso at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. tAlso at Eo¨tvo¨s Lora´nd University, Budapest, Hungary.
uAlso at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-HECR, Mumbai, India. vNow at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
w
Also at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India.
xAlso at Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. yAlso at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran. zAlso at Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
aaAlso at Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. bbAlso at Facolta` Ingegneria, Universita` di Roma, Roma, Italy.
ccNow at Universita` degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi, Roma, Italy. ddAlso at Universita` degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy.
eeAlso at University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Bucuresti-Magurele, Romania. ffAlso at Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
ggAlso at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. hhAlso at Scuola Normale e Sezione dell’INFN, Pisa, Italy.
iiAlso at INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy. jjAlso at University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
kkAlso at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom. ll
Also at Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland.
mmAlso at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia. nnAlso at Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Bern, Switzerland. ooAlso at Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.
ppAlso at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey. qqAlso at Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey.
rrAlso at The University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA. ssAlso at Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
ttAlso at Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey. uuAlso at Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
vvAlso at Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. wwAlso at Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
xxAlso at Mimar Sinan University, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.
yyAlso at Kahramanmaras Su¨tcu¨ Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. zz
Also at School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
aaaAlso at INFN Sezione di Perugia, Universita` di Perugia, Perugia, Italy. bbbAlso at Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, USA.
cccAlso at University of Edinburgh, Scotland, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. dddAlso at Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia.
eeeAlso at University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia. fffAlso at Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.
gggAlso at Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey. hhhAlso at Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
iiiAlso at KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary. jjjAlso at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
