ITALIAN SURVEY
NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL PORTFOLIO
edited by Paolo GiandebiaGGi and andrea Zerbi
This digital book has been edited by the association UID - Italian Union of Drawing, on the occasion
of the XXXVI International Conference of the Teachers in Representation (Parma, September
18-20, 2014). It collects the most significant survey experiences conducted by the Italian university
researchers, both nationally and abroad. It is meant to enhance and disclose the Italian know-how
in the world.
UID Scientific Committee
Vito Cardone, Università degli Studi di Salerno - President Mario Centofanti, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila - Vice President Mario Docci, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza Piero Albisinni, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza
Fabrizio Apollonio, Università degli Studi di Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Paolo Belardi, Università degli Studi di Perugia
Marco Bini, Università degli Studi di Firenze
Francesco Cervellini, Università degli Studi di Camerino Emanuela Chiavoni, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza Michela Cigola, Università degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio meridionale Antonio Conte, Università degli Studi della Basilicata
Cesare Cundari, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza Antonella Di Luggo, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Francesca Fatta, Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria Marco Gaiani, Università degli Studi di Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Paolo Giandebiaggi, Università degli Studi di Parma
Massimo Giovannini, Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria Riccardo Migliari, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza
Giuseppa Novello Massai, Politecnico di Torino
Arturo Livio Sacchi, Università degli Studi di Chieti-Pescara G. D’Annunzio Ornella Zerlenga, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli
Scientific and editorial board of the book and CD
Paolo Giandebiaggi - Scientific DirectorAndrea Zerbi - Responsible
Maria Melley, Michela Rossi, Chiara Vernizzi - Collaborators Giorgia Bianchi, Donatella Bontempi - Collaborators and Graphic design
© Copyright
UID – UNIONE ITALIANA DISEGNO
English texts are provided by the single authors.
Copyright © MMXIV ARACNE editrice int.le S.r.l. www.aracneeditrice.it info@aracneeditrice.it via Quarto Negroni, 15 00040 Ariccia (RM) (06) 93781065
isbn 978-88-548-7508-1
All rights reserved I edition - September 2014
P
reface
,
Vito Cardone
pag. 7
S
urvey
:
analytical
knowledge
of
the
architecture
,
Paolo Giandebiaggi
pag. 9
n
ational
P
ortfolio
pag. 11
100 n
ational
S
urvey
e
xPerienceS
- r
egionS
pag. 12
100 n
ational
S
urvey
e
xPerienceS
- B
oardS
pag. 14
i
nternational
P
ortfolio
pag. 117
100 i
nternational
S
urvey
e
xPerienceS
- c
ountrieS
pag. 118
100 i
nternational
S
urvey
e
xPerienceS
- B
oardS
pag. 120
t
hematic
indiceS
pag. 223
P
articiPating
u
niverSitieS
pag. 224
P
articiPating
d
ePartmentS
pag. 226
r
eSPonSiBleS
of
S
urveyS
- uid m
emBerS
pag. 228
P
artnerS
pag. 232
5
i
ndex
The Survey, in all its forms - architectural, archaeological, urban, environmental - is a specific
topic of the Italian university professors and researchers of graphic representation, which
practice it since the corresponding scientific community has been established.
Reading the boards of this Portfolio provides a significant overview of this task, which has
taken shape as the center of the relationship with business communities and government
agencies and, increasingly, as one of the keys to establish relationships and work with
non-academic foreign realities. At the end of the array, the pride is legitimate, considering how the
matter evolved.
The first surveys focused on individual monuments, in the wake of the practice introduced
and ennobled in the course of half a millennium from all generations of architectural travelers
in Italy, who made this the best method to study the built heritage. The surveys of entire city
centers and parts of the town were initiated in the sixties of the last century, while the urban
survey was developed in the next decade. This was followed by the study of the urban fabric,
of the housing, of the extra-urban landscape contexts, launched at the end of the century.
Finally, today the themes analyzed are phenomena, functions, intangible characteristics of the
territory and the environment.
Also driven by the spread of the so-called industrial archeology, which more generally can
be defined “functional” archeology, singular buildings and specific categories of uses are
presented: lighthouses, towers, castles and fortified cities, royal palaces, monasteries,
hermit and cave architecture, theaters and amphitheaters... About some of these topics were
organized - sometimes even today - periodic meetings for study and research.
From Italy, we moved all over the world, first of all in the nearest places, such as the
Mediterranean basin, then covering almost all continents: Europe, America, the Near East and
Far East to China, until equatorial Africa, bringing the respect for the historic heritage. First
engaged in the survey of realities to which we were used (amphitheatres, baths, fortresses,
monasteries), then of those distant from our culture, such as mosques, medinas, souks,
troglodyte architectures, the estancias jesuiticas, traditional urban contexts. Mythical places
that show absolute architectural, urban and environmental value.
The limited space available to me suggests to avoid citations. It is better, because it was, and is,
7
P
REFACE, Vito Cardone
a collective adventure of the entire scientific community, which, about the different themes, saw
in the forefront now one and now another of the various university departments. All pledged to
match the traditional and still indispensable direct and “sight” survey, with freehand sketches,
to the most innovative and sophisticated technologies, to define the relevant procedures, to
develop and optimize the appropriate methodologies and specific protocols. The aim is the
critical reading and knowledge of the studied subject.
In fifty years, a specific expertise has been configured, unique in the world, based on a wealth
of specialistic knowledge and skills of the highest level. It is one of the true excellences of the
Italian university system and of the entire country, and it was born experimentally working in
the field. Thus, Italy has now dozens of highly qualified experts, spin-offs are born, technology
transfer centers operate in Italy through relationships with businesses and Italian and foreign
governments. All this, also recalls and forms intellectual workers from other countries.
In short, this is one of the several unrecognized small miracles of the “made in Italy”. A little
curious and unusual case, compared to the tradition and what many believe the Italian vocation
and specificity. It does not produce stylish fashion items or food delicacies, but technological
innovation for the knowledge and the enhancement of the cultural heritage.
Vito Cardone
UID President
8
Vito Cardone
UID President
, Vito Cardone
S
URVEY
:
ANALYTICAL
KNOWLEDGE
OF
THE
ARCHITECTURE
9
S
URVEYINI
TALY:
ANALYTICALKNOWLEDGEOFTHEARCHITECTURE,
Paolo Giandebiaggi
It is hardly a coincidence that John Ruskin began his most popular book of aphorisms “The
Seven Lamps of Architecture” by writing that in architecture it is not hard to know what is
right to do, but the difficulty is to know what is possible. If you think about the thousand
implications that each architectural object contains in its slow and layered construction, in
its transformation over time for many different reasons (functional, engineering, structural,
aesthetic), you understand how difficult is to know which intervention is most appropriate in
order to repair and preserve it.
Any actions that you intend to program on an existing body (whether urban or architectural, be
it human, animal or plant), every aspect of its complex world must be thoroughly investigated
to envision the consequences that such an intervention, even if conducted on a single part,
may cause in the whole or in other individual parts.
Despite the best purpose, for years the actions, even on historic buildings, used modalities,
technologies and materials that only later showed their incongruity and inadequacy. The
immense and illusory faith in the modernity of the individual specialist interventions, the more
and more specific skills and the more localized operations sometimes caused more damage
than they were intended to remedy, because the organism as a whole had not been looked
at.
As happened in Medicine, so also in Architecture, the key role was understood of the in-depth
analysis of the preliminary framework for intervention. This consists of the critical reconstruction
and of the processes of realization and trasformation of the building over time, and of the
more and more refined measurements and non-destructive analytical methods (thermography,
ultrasound, micro-gravimetry, etc..) that primarily allow you to reach a diagnosis. If conducted
in a mono-disciplinary way on the history, structure, surface degradation, shape, size, etc..,
this one often betrays itself. The need to bring all these specialized analysis, to an unified and
shared reading, seems to be the only path that can decrease the risk of a wrong action.
This is the Survey of architecture in its most recent meaning: the synchronic and homogeneous
reading of all the aspects that can be directly and indirectly acquired on the existing system. Their
correlation and finalization to an overall assessment about its identity, its characteristics from
the origin to the present day, its state of preservation and its possibilities of development.
10
S
URVEY:
ANALYTICALKNOWLEDGEOFTHEARCHITECTURE,
Paolo Giandebiaggi
Starting from the metric and formal detection, as first data of consistency of the architectural
asset, we reconstruct the thread of his story through the layering of the interventions since
founding until today. Further analysis must be related to one another and with the measured
shapes, to enrich the knowledge of the architecture: the ideational and project reasons of
the various interventions are recovered starting from the original one, the results are judged
and the acceptance of the coeval cultural situation is confirmed or denied. Other elements to
be recorded are the building technologies, the materials and their chemical components, the
analysis of laying ground, the shape of the underground elements, the ability of the elements
to withstand the stresses, the state of preservation, the cracking, the technological existing
systems and their conservation and efficiency, their integration with the building, etc.
Each specific survey, each synchronic and homogeneous reading, each finalized critical
analysis, they must be seen in its unity that composes a real medical file of the building, of
which the morphological aspects are the first step, probably the most important, without which
any interpretation becomes superficial and temporary. Of course this involves an experience
and analytical skills that are often based on the history of the surveyor, the architect I would
say, the one who saw on the field, he learned, he compared, he understood.
The complexity of Italian architecture, with particular reference to the historical one, in terms
of preservation and recovery, allowed such and so many experiences that enable the Italian
specialist, through his schools of origin, to address the problem of the analytic and in depth
knowledge of the architecture as a whole. The notoriety of this competence makes that every
year many of us are called to work in various parts of the world, even in not well known contexts,
in both cultural and technical sense. On the other hand, the interlocutors remain astonished
and admired of how quickly the researchers are able not only to delve into the issues, but also
of how the acquired methods perfectly meet any type of architecture and context, becoming
themselves the subject of study. In fact, the sharp and aware method of comparing each
element makes the Italian experiences an exportable model esteemed in the world.
This regesto, called Portfolio, actually want to document the complexity of the Italian
experience, first in the native country and then in the international arena. This, to see and not
just to talk about how to work in this field, which is the level of experience gained and what are
the prospects, in a world that looks with increasing interest at the conservation and reuse of
the already constructed, as memory of its identity.
Paolo Giandebiaggi
Scientific Director
10
Paolo Giandebiaggi
Starting from the metric and formal detection, as first data of consistency of the architectural
asset, we reconstruct the thread of his story through the layering of the interventions since
founding until today. Further analysis must be related to one another and with the measured
shapes, to enrich the knowledge of the architecture: the ideational and project reasons of
the various interventions are recovered starting from the original one, the results are judged
and the acceptance of the coeval cultural situation is confirmed or denied. Other elements to
be recorded are the building technologies, the materials and their chemical components, the
analysis of laying ground, the shape of the underground elements, the ability of the elements
to withstand the stresses, the state of preservation, the cracking, the technological existing
systems and their conservation and efficiency, their integration with the building, etc.
Each specific survey, each synchronic and homogeneous reading, each finalized critical
analysis, they must be seen in its unity that composes a real medical file of the building, of
which the morphological aspects are the first step, probably the most important, without which
any interpretation becomes superficial and temporary. Of course this involves an experience
and analytical skills that are often based on the history of the surveyor, the architect I would
say, the one who saw on the field, he learned, he compared, he understood.
The complexity of Italian architecture, with particular reference to the historical one, in terms
of preservation and recovery, allowed such and so many experiences that enable the Italian
specialist, through his schools of origin, to address the problem of the analytic and in depth
knowledge of the architecture as a whole. The notoriety of this competence makes that every
year many of us are called to work in various parts of the world, even in not well known contexts,
in both cultural and technical sense. On the other hand, the interlocutors remain astonished
and admired of how quickly the researchers are able not only to delve into the issues, but also
of how the acquired methods perfectly meet any type of architecture and context, becoming
themselves the subject of study. In fact, the sharp and aware method of comparing each
element makes the Italian experiences an exportable model esteemed in the world.
This regesto, called Portfolio, actually want to document the complexity of the Italian
experience, first in the native country and then in the international arena. This, to see and not
just to talk about how to work in this field, which is the level of experience gained and what are
the prospects, in a world that looks with increasing interest at the conservation and reuse of
the already constructed, as memory of its identity.
Paolo Giandebiaggi
Scientific Director
11
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URVEY
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THECENTRALAREAANDTHEFORTIFIEDPALACEN.94
S
ICILIA- M
ESSINA- I
STITUTOS
PERIMENTALET
ALASSOGRAFICON.95
S
ICILIA- M
ESSINA- O
RIONEFOUNTAINN.96
S
ICILIA- P
OGGIOREALEV
ECCHIA(
TP) - S. A
NTONIOA
BATEC
HURCHN.97
S
ICILIA- S
IRACUSA- P
AOLOO
RSIM
USEUMN.98
S
ICILIA- S
IRACUSA- P
IAZZAD
UOMON.99
S
ICILIA- S
TROMBOLI, E
OLIE(
ME) - T
ERRITORIALR
ELIEFANDMODELLINGOFTHEA
EOLIANI
SLANDSN.100
T
HEA
RCHITECTUREOFI
TALIANL
IGHTHOUSES20
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XXXVI CONVEGNO INTERNAZIONALE DEI DOCENTI DELLA RAPPRESENTAZIONE - XI CONGRESSO UNIONE ITALIANA DEL DISEGNO ITALIAN SURVEY & INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
PARTICIPANTS: M. Balzani, S. Bertocci, P.Puma, F. Ferrari, N. Santopuoli, M. Fabbri, G. Galvani, A. Grieco, S. Settimo,
C.Traina, F.Uccelli, N. Zaltron, F.Viroli, P. Allodoli, L. Cosimi, L. Bianchini, T. Brogini, F. Concas, M. Cornieti, G. Garziano,
M. Masci, G. Pancani, M. M. Simari, L. Verdiani, C. Paolini, F.Arduini, S.Magrini, C. Santi, A. R. Fantoni, D. Giuliani
GRAPHIC COMPOSITION BY Federico Ferrari, Federica Maietti
RESPONSIBLE: Marcello Balzani, Stefano Bertocci, Paola Puma
The Michelangelo research project basically consists on the 3D modelling of Michelangelo’s architectural heritage placed in Florence. It is aimed
at the updating of the existing documentation and the enhancement of Michelangelo’s work. The project started in 2003. The dissemination
of results of the Michelangelo project is focused on different levels, mainly based on targeted and selected contents. So far, all elaborated
databases allow a critical and potentially web-based inquiry of their architectural content.
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OSCANA
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IRENZE
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ICHELANGELO
’
S
ARCHITECTURES
UID
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XXXVI CONVEGNO INTERNAZIONALE DEI DOCENTI DELLA RAPPRESENTAZIONE - XI CONGRESSO UNIONE ITALIANA DEL DISEGNO ITALIAN SURVEY & INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
PARTICIPANTS: Andrea Camilli, Giovanni Pancani, Lorenzo Cantini, Federico Paoli, Giulio Innocenti Degli, Francesco Tioli;
5 groups, 17 students of the University of Florence
GRAPHIC COMPOSITION BY Paola Puma
RESPONSIBLE: Paola Puma
Emerging only monument of the Roman city of Pisa, the Baths of Nero are located within the medieval walls, near the Piazza dei Miracoli. The
artifact (end of I century A.D.) was discovered only in 1548 revealing a cubical building in an octagonal room domed. After a long succession
of problematic restorations and abandonment we participated in the project to re-discover the monument in order to facilitate and improve its
conservation and the correct touristic visit of the area by our knowledge/surveys/3D visualization system.
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DIDA - U
NIVERSITÀDEGLIS
TUDIDIF
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XXXVI CONVEGNO INTERNAZIONALE DEI DOCENTI DELLA RAPPRESENTAZIONE - XI CONGRESSO UNIONE ITALIANA DEL DISEGNO ITALIAN SURVEY & INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
PARTICIPANTS: M. Balzani, F. Uccelli, F. Ferrari, A. Grieco, G. Galvani, C. Traina, S. Settimo, M. Fabbri, F. Pacini,
G. Bentivoglio, G. De Felice, G. Maria, C. Baracchini, M. Ciafaloni, R. Scopigno, C.Montani, P. Cignoni,
M. Callieri, M. Dellepiane, V. Fiorin, F. Ganovelli, F. Ponchio, M. Bini, S. Bertocci,
G. Pancani, B. Kacyra
GRAPHIC COMPOSITION BY Federico Ferrari, Federica Maietti
RESPONSIBLE: Marcello Balzani, Marco Bini, Roberto Scopigno
The project aimed to test the time-of-
ight laser scanner technology to achieve a 3D model of the exterior of the Cathedral of Pisa developing a
link with the information systems relating to the historical and restoration works documentation. The survey therefore is the essential basis of a
dynamic database to enter the historical-cultural and diagnostic information and in general on the current and past state of conservation of the
monument.
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ISA
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ATHEDRAL
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XXXVI CONVEGNO INTERNAZIONALE DEI DOCENTI DELLA RAPPRESENTAZIONE - XI CONGRESSO UNIONE ITALIANA DEL DISEGNO ITALIAN SURVEY & INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
PARTICIPANTS: Stefano Bertocci, Graziella Del Duca, Gianluca Falaschi, Fabio Ferrara, Lorenzo Giacomini
GRAPHIC COMPOSITION BY Graziella Del Duca
RESPONSIBLE: Stefano Bertocci
The work made on the vault of villa Ginori, in the hall called “Vincenzo Meucci”, represents the preliminary research on the reliability of the survey
made on image-based data compared with laser scanner survey. The result showed a high correlation between the two matrices and thus it
allowed the realization of the orthophoto of the ceiling and the wireframe drawing.
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IORENTINO
(FI)
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INORI
VAULT
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OCCIA
UID
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XXXVI CONVEGNO INTERNAZIONALE DEI DOCENTI DELLA RAPPRESENTAZIONE - XI CONGRESSO UNIONE ITALIANA DEL DISEGNO ITALIAN SURVEY & INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
PARTICIPANTS: Alessandro Merlo, Giorgio Verdiani, Gaia Lavoratti, Elisa Bechelli, Giovanni Benvenuti,
Elisabetta Del Grande, Cinzia Jelencovich, Giulia Galeotti, Erica Ganghereti, Francesca Grillotti,
Francesco Tioli, Alessandro Peruzzi, Federico Andreazzoli, Antonino Meo, Ilaria Agostini, Sara D’Amico,
Duccio Troiano, Massimo Zucconi, Massimo Gasperini, Emanuele Pellegrini, Serena di Grazia
GRAPHIC COMPOSITION BY Alessandro Merlo
RESPONSIBLE: Alessandro Merlo, Giorgio Verdiani
The Sorana project (2009-2011) provided the integrated survey of the entire settlement in a survey campaign
ve days lasting. The research
has been conducted with the aim of enforcing the integration between the various scienti
c ambits involved in the project (history, archeology,
architecture, geology, iconology) and making available the results of the studies in editable format. The results provide an essential basis to
promote actions of preservation and enhancement of existing heritage.
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ESCIA
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DIDA - U
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XXXVI CONVEGNO INTERNAZIONALE DEI DOCENTI DELLA RAPPRESENTAZIONE - XI CONGRESSO UNIONE ITALIANA DEL DISEGNO ITALIAN SURVEY & INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE