The Santa Croce wall structure of Cagliari's ancient fortifications (Sardinia, Italy): construction technologies and stone decay

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DEFENSIVE ARCHITECTURE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN

XV TO XVIII CENTURIES

Vol. VI

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PROCEEDINGS of the International Conference on Modern Age Fortifications of the Mediterranean Coast FORTMED 2017

DEFENSIVE ARCHITECTURE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN

XV TO XVIII CENTURIES

Vol. VI

Editor

Ángel Benigno González Avilés

Universidad de Alicante. Spain

EDITORIAL

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FORTMED 2017

Colección Congresos UA

Los contenidos de esta publicación han sido evaluados por el Comité Científico que en ella se relaciona y según el procedimiento de la ``revisión por pares´´.

Ángel Benigno González Avilés © de los textos: los autores

www.publicaciones.ua.es/ Imprime:

ISBN: 978-84-16724-76-5 (Vol.VI) Depósito legal: A 494-2017

FORTMED – Modern Age Fortifications of the Mediterranean Coast, Alicante, October 26th, 27th, 28th 2017

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V

Organization and committees

Honorary Committee

Manuel Palomar Sanz. Rector de la Universidad de Alicante. Spain Gabriel Echávarri Fernández. Alcalde de Alicante. Spain

Milagros Flores Román. Presidenta de ICOFORT (ICOMOS, UNESCO) Daniel Simón Plá. Concejal de Cultura del Ayuntamiento de Alicante. Spain

Organizing Committee

Víctor Echarri Iribarren. Universidad de Alicante. Spain (Chair)

Ángel Benigno González Avilés. Universidad de Alicante. Spain (Organizing Secretariat)

José Manuel Pérez Burgos. Dpto Patrimonio Integral y Unidad de N. Tabarca. Ayto de Alicante. Spain Mª. Isabel Pérez Millán. Universidad de Alicante. Spain

Antonio Galiano Garrigós. Universidad de Alicante. Spain José Luis Menéndez Fueyo. Fundación MARQ. Alicante. Spain

Begoña Echevarría Pozuelo (Técnico de Cultura). Ayuntamiento de Alicante. Spain Luisa Biosca Bas (Restauradora). Ayuntamiento de Alicante. Spain

Maribel Serrano. Universidad de Alicante. Spain Roberto Yáñez Pacios. Universidad de Alicante. Spain Mateo Aires Llinares. Universidad de Alicante. Spain Ginés Gómez Castelló. Universidad de Alicante. Spain Aitor Guijarro. Universidad de Alicante. Spain

Justo Romero del Hombrebueno. Universidad de Alicante. Spain

Consultant Committee

Pablo Rodríguez-Navarro. FORTMED President. Universitat Politècnica de València. Spain M. Teresa Gil Piqueras. Universitat Politècnica de València. Spain

Giorgio Verdiani. Università degli Studi di Firenze. Italy

Scientific Committee

Víctor Echarri Iribarren. Universidad de Alicante. Spain (Scientific Co-Chair)

Pablo Rodríguez-Navarro. Universitat Politècnica de València. Spain (Scientific Co-Chair) Ángel Benigno González Avilés. Universidad de Alicante. Spain (Scientific Secretariat) Alessandro Camiz. Girne American University. Cyprus

Alicia Cámara Muñoz. UNED. Spain

Andreas Georgopoulos. Nat. Tec. University of Athens. Greece Andrés Martínez Medina. Universidad de Alicante. Spain Anna Guarducci. Università di Siena. Italy

Anna Marotta, Politecnico di Torino. Italy Antonio Almagro Gorbea. CSIC. Spain

Arturo Zaragozá Catalán. Generalitat Valenciana. Castellón. Spain Boutheina Bouzid. École Nationale d’Architecture. Tunisia

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VI

Faissal Cherradi. Ministerio de Cultura del Reino de Marruecos. Morocco Fernando Cobos Guerra. Arquitecto. Spain

Francisco Juan Vidal. Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Gabriele Guidi. Politecnico di Milano. Italy

Giorgio Verdiani. Università degli Studi di Firenze. Italy Gjergji Islami. Universiteti Politeknik i Tiranës. Albania

João Campos, Centro de Estudios de Arquitectura Militar de Almeida. Portugal John Harris. Fortress Study Group. United Kingdom

María Isabel Pérez Millán. Universidad de Alicante. Spain Nicolas Faucherre. Aix-Marseille Université – CNRS. France Per Cornell. University of Gothenburg. Sweden

Philippe Bragard. Université catholique de Louvain. Belgium. Rand Eppich. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Spain Sandro Parrinello. Università di Pavia. Italy

Santiago Varela Botella. Generalitat Valenciana. Alicante. Spain Stefano Bertocci. Università degli Studi di Firenze. Italy Stefano Columbu. Università degli Studi di Cagliari. Italy Yolanda Spairani Berrio. Universidad de Alicante. Spain

Note

This conference was made in the frame of the R & D project entitled "SURVEILLANCE AND DEFENSE TOWERS OF THE VALENCIAN COAST. Metadata generation and 3D models for interpretation and effective enhancement" reference HAR2013-41859-P, whose principal investigator is Pablo Rodríguez-Navarro. The project is funded by the National Program for Fostering Excellence in Scientific and Technical Research, National Sub-Program for Knowledge Generation, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Government of Spain).

Este congreso está realizado bajo el marco del Proyecto I+D+i de título “TORRES DE VIGÍA Y DEFENSA DEL LITORAL VALENCIANO. Generación de metadatos y modelos 3D para su interpretación y efectiva puesta en valor” referencia HAR2013-41859-P, cuyo investigador principal es Pablo Rodríguez-Navarro. El proyecto está financiado dentro del Programa Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia, Subprograma Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento, del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Gobierno de España).

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VII Organized by Funded by Ref: HAR2013-41859-P Partnerships Support

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IX

The Santa Croce wall structure of Cagliari's ancient fortifications

(Sardinia, Italy): construction technologies and stone decay

Stefano Columbu

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Abstract

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1. Introduction

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2. The fortifications of Cagliari in the modern age: construction technique of the bastioned front

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4. Stone materials 4.1 Methods

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References

$GYRNDDW (/ 9DQ +LQVEHUJHQ '-- 0DIILRQH 0 /DQJHUHLV &* 9LVVHUV 5/0 &KHUFKL $ 6FKURHGHU50DGDQL+&ROXPEX6Eocene rotation of Sardinia, and the paleogeography

of the western Mediterranean region(DUWKDQG3ODQHWDU\6FLHQFH/HWWHUVSS±

%DUURFFX*&UHVSHOODQL7/RL$Caratteristiche geologico-techiche del sottosuolo dell'area

urbana di Cagliari5LY,WGL*HRWHF

&DVX6Cagliari, un secolo di restauro delle fortificazioniLQ$WWLGHOFRQYHJQRLQWHUQD]LRQDOH GHO0DJJLR&DVWHOOLLQWHUUDLQDFTXDHLQDULD3LVDSS

&KHUFKL$Appunti biostratigrafici sul Miocene della Sardegna (Italia).,QWHU1pRJpQH0HGLW /\RQ0HP%5*0/\RQSS

&KHUFKL$Appunti biostratigrafici sul Miocene della Sardegna (Italia),LQ$FWHV9&RQJUqVGX 1pRJ0pGLW/\RQ

&KHUFKL$7UHPROLHUHV3Nouvelles données sur l’évolution structurale au Mésozoique et au

Cénozoique de la Sardaigne et leurs implications géodynamiques dans le cadre méditérranéen&

5$FDG6FL3DULVSS

&ROXPEX6/LVFL&6LW]LD)%XFFHOODWR*Physical-mechanical consolidation and protection

of Miocenic limestone used on Mediterranean historical monuments: the case study of Pietra Cantone (southern Sardinia, Italy). (QYLURQPHQWDO (DUWK 6FLHQFHV

'2,V

&ROXPEX63LULQX$Use of stone and construction technologies in the medieval and modern

fortifications of Cagliari (south-Sardinia, Italy)3URFHHGLQJVRI)RUWPHG)ORUHQFH,WDO\

0DJJL * &DVWULRWWR -) Della fortificazione delle città, Venezia (GL]LRQH FRQVXOWDWD 5LVWDPSDDQDVWDWLFD3DGRYD

3LULQX $ Il disegno dei baluardi cinquecenteschi nell'opera dei fratelli Paleari Fratino. Le

piazzeforti della Sardegna$OOLQVHJQDGHO*LJOLR)LUHQ]H

3HFRULQL * 3RPHVDQR &KHUFKL $ Geological and biostratigraphic researches on Southern

Campidano (Sardegna). Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana,SS

The Santa Croce wall structure of Cagliari's ancient fortifications (Sardinia, Italy): construction technologies and stone decay

DEFENSIVE ARCHITECTURE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN

XV TO XVIII CENTURIES

Vol. VI

DEFENSIVE ARCHITECTURE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN

XV TO XVIII CENTURIES

Vol. VI

Ángel Benigno González Avilés

Organization and committees

Table of contents

The Santa Croce wall structure of Cagliari's ancient fortifications

(Sardinia, Italy): construction technologies and stone decay

Stefano Columbu

, Andrea Pirinu

_{, Andrea Pirinu}