Truffles market in Piemonte: chain valorisation and spillover effects

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22 July 2021

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Truffles market in Piemonte: chain valorisation and spillover effects

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i

Truffles market in Piemonte:

Dip. Economia e

Ingegneria Agraria

Truffles market in Piemonte:

UNIVERSITA’

DEGLI STUDI Ingegneria Agraria,

Forestale e Ambientale

Truffles market in Piemonte:

DEGLI STUDI

DI TORINO Forestale e Ambientale

DI TORINO

chain valorisation and spillover effects

p

Angela Mosso and Filippo Brun

g

pp

Dep of Economia e Ingegneria Agraria Forestale e Ambientale University of Torino Italy E mail: angela mosso@unito it filippo brun@unito it Dep. of Economia e Ingegneria Agraria Forestale e Ambientale, University of Torino Italy ‐ E‐mail: angela.mosso@unito.it ‐ filippo.brun@unito.it

Pi

R i

i N

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I l h

di i

i

h fi ld f

hi

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Pi )

d

Piemonte Region, in Northern Italy, has great traditions in the field of white truffle (Tuber magnatum Pico) and a

significant potential for black truffles development (T melanosporum Vittad and T aestivum Vittad ) This work

significant potential for black truffles development (T. melanosporum Vittad. and T. aestivum Vittad.). This work

summarises main results of a research aimed at enhancing territorial outcomes of truffles describing market

summarises main results of a research aimed at enhancing territorial outcomes of truffles, describing market

system value chain and economical results of truffles cultivations

system, value‐chain and economical results of truffles cultivations

y

,

Research topics

Market: prices and quantities analysis and related problems Market: prices and quantities analysis and related problems

S l h i d fi iti f th i l d t f hit d bl k t ffl

Supply chain: definition of the involved actors for white and black truffles pp y Trade fairs: characterization and proposal for their valorization

Trade fairs: characterization and proposal for their valorization

Processing industries: survey and comparison of Marche and Piemonte regions Processing industries: survey and comparison of Marche and Piemonte regions Pl t ti i l ti f bl k t ffl l t ti

Plantations: economic evaluations of black truffle plantations p

Rural development: spillover effects on marginal areas Rural development: spillover effects on marginal areas

Only black truffles are at present cultivable, while white truffle is gathered naturally. The black Only black truffles are at present cultivable, while white truffle is gathered naturally. The blacky p , g y truffle plantations are made by planted mycorrhized trees and appropriately cultivated

y p , g y

truffle plantations are made by planted mycorrhized trees and appropriately cultivated truffle plantations are made by planted mycorrhized trees and appropriately cultivated truffle plantations are made by planted mycorrhized trees and appropriately cultivated

The market

_{The food industry}

200

The total amount of truffle 200 _{A direct survey has been conducted on a sample}

l ffl

prod ction in Ital is abo t 180 Italian truffles production A direct survey has been conducted on a sample production in Italy is about _{of firms involved in truffle processing in Marche} 82 tons including 70 tons of 160 of firms involved in truffle processing in Marche_h _h _d _{bl h d} 82 tons, including 70 tons of _{region, where this industry is more established,}

140

black. Piedmont is only they 140 _{and in Piemonte region The comparison shows}g , y , 9th Region for q antities (2 5 120 and in Piemonte region. The comparison shows 9th Region for quantities (2.5 _{a integrated "system“ in Central Italy and some}

100

nn

tons/year) but the first for Ton 100 a integrated system in Central Italy and some_ll _l _b _l _d

tons/year) but the first for _{excellence examples, but isolated, in Piemonte.}

80

T

quality, based on the average 80 _{This sector is composed by small firms with very}p , ,

q y, g

prices recorded The import 60 This sector is composed by small firms with very

prices recorded. The import _{interesting economic results and an average}

40

of truffle is about 10 40 interesting economic results and an average_d _/ _k _h of truffle is about 10

/ 20 turnover exceeding 200,000 €/work unit. This

tons/year for fresh and 17/y 20 _{industry does not seem to suffer effects of the}g , / for transformed ones E port 0 industry does not seem to suffer effects of the for transformed ones. Export ₁₉₅₀ ₁₉₆₀ ₁₉₇₀ ₁₉₈₀ ₁₉₉₀ ₂₀₀₀ ₂₀₁₀ _{economic crisis thanks to the production of} amount respectively to 50 economic crisis, thanks to the production of_{h h} _d _d _h

950 960 9 0 980 990 000 0 0

amount respectively to 50

/ Source: ISTAT and COEWEB high‐end and niche

and 17 tons / year/ y g

Truffle plantations are designed to

Statistics are unreliable due to market characteristics which is based on informal Statistics are unreliable due to market characteristics which is based on informal

T ffl

l

t ti

Truffle plantations are designed to

Statistics are unreliable, due to market characteristics which is based on informal

t ti Th f titi l l d ti t d A tt t t

Statistics are unreliable, due to market characteristics which is based on informal

t ti Th f titi l l d ti t d A tt t t

Truffle plantations

produce black truffles, with light

transactions. Therefore quantities are largely underestimated. An attempt to

p

produce black truffles, with light

diff b t t ffl i

realistically quantify Piemonte truffles production has been made starting from the

realistically quantify Piemonte truffles production has been made starting from the differences between truffle species,

b f t ffl di d l d t d ti f b t 6 t / (1 5 k f

b f t ffl di d l d t d ti f b t 6 t / (1 5 k f according with their ecological

number of truffle diggers, and leads to a production of about 6 tons/year (1, 5 kg for

number of truffle diggers, and leads to a production of about 6 tons/year (1, 5 kg for according with their ecological

each of the 4000 registered diggers) far exceeding official data

each of the 4000 registered diggers) far exceeding official data characteristics.

each of the 4000 registered diggers) far exceeding official data

each of the 4000 registered diggers) far exceeding official data characteristics.

E i t

Economic assessments were

Truffles prices are subjected to high fluctuations during the season _{calculated considering all input}

Truffles prices are subjected to high fluctuations during the season,

di d il bili I di i l h bl k T i

calculated considering all input according to product availability. Indicatively, the black T. aestivum rangesg p y y, g _{costs: land, cultivation, searching,} between 50 and 200 €/kg (from July to September) the T melanosporum

costs: land, cultivation, searching,

d t d d ti

between 50 and 200 €/kg (from July to September), the T. melanosporum _{dog management and adopting} between 500 and 1000 €/kg and the white truffle (T magnatum) from 2000 _{prudential values for productions} between 500 and 1000 €/kg and the white truffle (T. magnatum) from 2000

5 6000 €/k ( di d i )

prudential values for productions, up to 5‐6000 €/kg (according to season and size)p / g ( g ) _{in the light of high uncertainty.}_{in the light of high uncertainty.}

Th lt l l iti i

The results are largely positive in terms of Net Present Value for T The chains of white and black truffles

The value chain

_{The chains of white and black truffles} terms of Net Present Value for T.

The value chain

_{Melanosporum and positive for T.}

have only some common structural features because the black are Melanosporum and positive for T._ti have only some common structural features, because the black are

l bl d l bl f d l f aestivum

cultivable and also suitable for industrial transformation

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Regional truffles production

A f h bl k ffl h i A f h bl k ffl h i

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p

Actors of the black truffle chain: Actors of the black truffle chain: Actors of the white truffle chain:

Actors of the white truffle chain: NurseryNursery

Actors of the white truffle chain:

Actors of the white truffle chain: Nursery

F

Nursery F

Diggers

Diggersgg FarmersFarmers

Dealers gg

Dealers DiggersDiggers

Dealers Dealers Diggers D l Diggers D l Owner/chefs

Owner/chefs/ DealersDealers

Consumer /

Consumer Owner/chefsOwner/chefs

Consumer Consumer Owner/chefs F d I d t Owner/chefs F d I d t Food Industry Food Industry Consumer Consumer

Truffle fairs

Consumer Consumer

Truffle fairs

T ffl f i i t ti h l f t it ti d

Truffle fairs are interesting channels for territory promotion and areg y p constantly increasing in Piemonte We have thus identified several constantly increasing in Piemonte. We have thus identified several objective parameters to assess the importance and the impact of such fairs, objective parameters to assess the importance and the impact of such fairs,

ti th i di ti d th b th f ifi f di

promoting their coordination and growth by the way of specific funding

p g g y y p g

connected to obtained results connected to obtained results

Final remarks

The development of Piedmont truffle sector needs a greater integration of actors and a careful direction to address critical issues still existing For the white The development of Piedmont truffle sector needs a greater integration of actors and a careful direction to address critical issues still existing For the white The development of Piedmont truffle sector needs a greater integration of actors and a careful direction to address critical issues still existing. For the white

ffl i i i k i i ’ F h bl k i l i h ld b d d

The development of Piedmont truffle sector needs a greater integration of actors and a careful direction to address critical issues still existing. For the white

ffl i i i k i i ’ F h bl k i l i h ld b d d

truffle it is necessary to increase market transparency improving consumers’ trust. For the black ones, particular attention should be devoted to nursery truffle it is necessary to increase market transparency improving consumers’ trust. For the black ones, particular attention should be devoted to nurseryy p y p g , p y production which currently limits new plantations diffusion At the same time a qualification of the product is crucial as well as the mobilization of local

y p y p g , p y

production which currently limits new plantations diffusion At the same time a qualification of the product is crucial as well as the mobilization of local production, which currently limits new plantations diffusion. At the same time a qualification of the product is crucial as well as the mobilization of local production, which currently limits new plantations diffusion. At the same time a qualification of the product is crucial as well as the mobilization of local resources based on supply aggregation and marketing promotion Finally these chains are able to promote rural development thanks to the recovery of non‐ resources based on supply aggregation and marketing promotion Finally these chains are able to promote rural development thanks to the recovery of non‐ resources, based on supply aggregation and marketing promotion. Finally, these chains are able to promote rural development, thanks to the recovery of non

d i d d h l i i f d l d

resources, based on supply aggregation and marketing promotion. Finally, these chains are able to promote rural development, thanks to the recovery of non

d i d d h l i i f d l d

productive woods and to the valorisation of unused land resources productive woods and to the valorisation of unused land resources p

p

EAAE 2011 Congress Change and Uncertainty Challenges for Agriculture Food and Natural Resources August 30 to September 2 2011 ETH Zurich EAAE 2011 Congress ‐ Change and Uncertainty Challenges for Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources ‐ August 30 to September 2, 2011 ‐ ETH Zurich