Caratterizzazione geochimica e microbiologica dell’acquifero del Carso Classico

2015

Franco Cucchi, Luca Zini, Chiara Calligaris

Progetto

Cover and layout:

Divulgando Srl, Trieste – www.divulgando.eu EUT – Edizioni Università di Trieste

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This book may not be translated, reproduced, adapted or electrically stored, in whole or part, by any means !"#$%&!"'()!#*+,$)-.(/0+1+#+/!2-(3"&(+102*(*2/*+&%#1!+"-4.( in any country.

ISBN 978-88-8303-621-7 E-ISBN 978-88-8303-622-4

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La presente pubblicazione è reperibile all’indirizzo: Publikacija je objavljena na:

This publication is available at:

LE ACQUE DEL CARSO CLASSICO

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EUT EDIZIONI UNIVERSITÀ DI TRIESTE

2015

Franco Cucchi, Luca Zini, Chiara Calligaris

Progetto

2

Polla a mare delle sorgenti di Aurisina.

3 Premessa 7 Il Progetto HYDROKARST 9 Ringraziamenti 12 !"# $%#&'()*#&%'))+,*-#+./0'1('23.4*#53*5('6,*#3#)4*(+,* 15 ! !"" #$%&'(')&$"*$)*+,%-,".$/"0$++'0)+')"-)12$0$&0$",/"3,+4)"3/,44'-)"&$//,"45,",--$(')&$" 4-'$&0'%-,"$"40)+'-, 20

2. Geologia e geomorfologia del Carso Classico 23

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6. ll ruolo e l’importanza della fauna nelle ricerche

idrogeologiche 99

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E!="" 3)&-/54')&' LS

7. Le portate delle sorgenti 111

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8. AcegasApsAmga: analisi della stabilità della rete di distribuzione, delle perdite degli acquedotti e dei tratti

5 KAZALO M!@!"" V%I+/"=%,%=%, 133 M!@! " P(;/*+(=$"="8$<9" S>W"/."="8$<9" SGW" @@ M!@!>"" \%=/"6'%1$+<"/;"*$,$3,$*$</7"8$<"/.";(4$<$+"&'(,.1$" @B M!B!"" A'%28$3/";"96%'(2%"+'(I+/7"6/<./7"=%,( @G M!B! " L;=%'"/."+%8/4/.$"=%,$" @G M!B!>"" T.(4/8.%*</"/."+(+%=%*<" @G M!B!@"" :%.<'%8("+(+%=%*</" @K M!G"" N%,%=%,",(.$* 138 M!G! "" X/*<'/290/1*+%"%3'$O1$" @M M!G!>"" N'$,.%<$.1$"/;&92"/."%,+'/=(.1$".$94/.+%=/</7"%,*$+%=" B> M!G!@"" L;2%81I(=$^",$8/<$=".("6%,%3'$O1("_,/*<'/+<$`" B> M!G!B"" A'$=$'1(.1$"<'$.,%="="96%'(2/".("%;$3819"/."6%<'$2"6%"%*+'2/";"=%,%" BG M!G!G" H%,%4$".(4'<%=(.1$"/."I<9,/1*+/"6'/3$'/" BG N"## $+&=1(#4/3/4/3#C.@&*&L#&*&%(2&#'6&M(%*/'6(#3('6+(MDK(9'1.# :+.@.,#5+.-%.3#6+.*3/4#4#5/6+/=*9(#*&#/2.:%9D#(*#5/'%.3()*.-&# /'1+M/4&*9&#2#4/3/ 151 S! "" N%,%%*+'2(":'(*(".$+%4" G S!>"" N%,%%*+'2(":'(*(",(.$* GB S!>! " :8('/4/"a"=%,./"=/'"H'$*<%=/I+$&("=%,%=%,(" GG S!>!>"" \(.%I+/"=%,%=%,"/."8%+(8./"=%,%=%,/" GG S!@"" N%,%=%,./"*/*<$3":NV GJ S!B"" \(,;%'"/."+(+%=%*<"6/<.$"=%,$ GK S!G" b\V"["b$.<'(8./".(,;%'./"*/*<$3 GS !O"## P&=)(6&#5/32.:*(A#4/3& 161 W! "" :('<$"'(.81/=%*</ J W!>" :('<("'(.81/=%*</"6%,;$3./7"=%,(" JB W!>! "" Z(+<%'"R" JB W!>!>"" Z(+<%'"b" JB W!>!@"" Z(+<%'"A" JG W!>!B"" :('<("NYV" JK W!@"" :('<("'(.81/=%*</"=%,./7"=/'%= JK W!B"" T(+8194+/ KW W!G"" R2'$3$.1$=(80/"6%,;$3./7"=%,( K> Viri 175 Priloge A'/8%&(" "a"#$%8%I+("+('<("+8(*/4.$&(":'(*( A'/8%&(">"a"#$%3%')%8%I+("+('<("+8(*/4.$&(":'(*( A'/8%&("@"a"Q/,'%&$%8%I+("+('<("+8(*/4.$&(":'(*( A'/8%&("B"a":('<("'(2$"<(8".("+8(*/4.$3":'(*9 A'/8%&("G"a":('<("'(.81/=%*</"=%,./7"=/'%=".("%23%419":8(*/4.$&(":'(*( K!;"" 7M,-N5$.)00)".$//MP4)&() 133 K!;! "" 7$"'&.,*'&'".$/" S6L"$".$/" SCL 133 K!;!6"" P/"&5)F)"2+)*$00)"&$*/'",&&'"ZIL"$."'&'(')".$//M)2$+, 134 K!="" P"2+)</$1'".$//M50'/'(()".$//$",-N5$"-,+4'-:$","4-)2)"2)0,<'/$ ;C K!=! "" [+'*'&'"$"2)+0,0$ ;C K!=!6"" 7$"-,+,00$+'40'-:$".'"N5,/'09 ;E K!=!;"" P"-)&0+)//'".'"N5,/'09 ;I K!C"" 7M,-N5$.)00)")**' 138 K!C! "" 7,"+$0$".'".'40+'<5(')&$ 138 K!C!6" 7,"F,/50,(')&$".$//$"2$+.'0$"$"/M'&.'F'.5,(')&$".$'"0+,00'"'&$\-'$&0' 142 K!C!;"" A/'"'&0$+F$&0'"1'*/')+,0'F']"/,".'40+$005,/'((,(')&$ 142 !"!#$$ %&$'()*+,&$-(*$.)(/-$/(001234$-(0$.())*.4)*4$($0($/(,(33*.5$-*$&66)4''*7*4/&8(/.4$*-)*,4 144 !"!"$$ %&$6)47)&88&9*4/($:2.2)&$($,&3*$3.2-*4 ;#" 8"## 9(':;+#<*1*<*1#=3>'.'?#'.'%+)+#1+#)4'@+%+4A#13%%'#(343# 1+#1+)4(+@0B+*.3-#<3(+6,'#13+#4(3.1#.3%%C0)*#13%#43((+4*(+*#

e delle necessità di approvvigionamento idrico 151

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10. La protezione delle acque sotterranee 161

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D+@%+*5('6' 175

Tavole fuori testo

76 LARETEDIMONITORAGGIO

na e del tipo di alimentazione, ma anche in funzione della velocità di !"#$%##%&'()*" (!"*()+(**,%$-.*#&/)0,%''"*1"$(' &)+(**()"23.()-.4)(#-sere repentino ed in talune circostanze nell’Abisso di Trebiciano si sono superati i 3 m/h. Nel settore nord-occidentale le oscillazioni della falda sono dell’ordine di 3-10 m mentre nel settore sud-orientale si registrano normalmente innalzamenti dell’ordine dei 40 m che possono superare i 100 m durante le piene eccezionali.

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Kemijske in mikrobiološke analize so bile izvedene v laboratoriju 1)4*%.*!& CA%0!'C1'C"0!8& B& "$ 3)/$)-)5 %0!& '.!-$5,!& .%"%-*$& #!4+)3& ! )()'.$&()4%&13%4('%"&#!&$' !#*6&"$ 3))30!#$+")(2& $&(%-*!*)&+!&$#-4$ !.)3*%&)#%'#!:%#*!8&@$ 3)/$)-)5 %&!#!-$+%&)4(+%.$7&(+)3A%(&()4%2&$+-vedene skladno s predpisi za preverjanje kakovosti vode, se nanašajo #!&' 61$#%&"$ 3)/)(2& $&'$A%3&#$')&1!.)0%#$2&-!7 )&1!&(&$+3%4#)& 3!. %"& ,!'6& $#& +& %#)'.!(#$"$& "%.)4!"$& 1) !:%*)& 13$').#)'.& "$ 3)/$)-)5

%-prima che possano entrare nella rete di distribuzione. Ad integrazione .$!%0#$!030#$'$!3,$!%&,!033$!.$!A&+8,%%+!;RLS=DTSCU/!$!&$-,&-0%+&$!$%0#$03$! e sloveni hanno effettuato campionamenti e misure per caratterizzare le 0-VB,!3+3!'+#+!.0#!2B3%+!.$!)$'%0!'%&,%%04,3%,!-9$4$-+KW'$-+!:0%%&0),&'+! #X030#$'$! .,8#$! $+3$! 4088$+&$/! .,##0! -+3.B-$5$#$%Y! ,#,%%&$-0! ,! .,#! 2;>! ,! 4$-&+5$+#+8$-+/!40!03-9,!.0!VB,##+!$'+%+2$-+/!0%%&0),&'+!#X030#$'$!.,8#$! $'+%+2$!.,##X+''$8,3+/!.,##X$.&+8,3+!,!.,##+!'%&+3*$+P!Z#$!$'+%+2$!.$!+''$8,3+! ,.! $.&+8,3+! :[18_{=! ,! [}2_{;>! .033+! $3.$-0*$+3$! 'B! ,),3%B0#$! @,3+4,3$! .$!}

,)02+&0*$+3,! ,! 4,'-+#04,3%+! %&0! 0-VB,! .$),&',! 4,3%&,! VB,##$! .,##+! stronzio (87_Sr/86_{C&>!2,&4,%%+3+!.$!.,W3$&,!#,!$3%,&0*$+3$!0-VB0K&+--$0!,!.$!} )0#B%0&,!$!%,42$!.$!&,'$.,3*0!.,##,!0-VB,!0##X$3%,&3+!.,##X0-VB$@,&+P ?,##X045$%+!.,#!A&+8,%%+!'+3+!'%0%,!&,0#$**0%,!',$!-042083,!.$!4+-3$%+&088$+!.,$!2B3%$!0-VB0/!&0--+8#$,3.+!-042$+3$!3,$!2+**$/!3,##,!8&+%%,/! 3,##,!'+&8,3%$!,!3,$!WB4$!.B&03%,!.$),&'$!&,8$4$!2#B)$+4,%&$-$P!L$!',8B$%+! ),38+3+!030#$**0%$/!$3!VB03%+!'$83$W-0%$)$!,!&022&,',3%0%$)$!$!.0%$!$3,&,3%$! la campagna di misure del 31 marzo – 1 aprile 2014.

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A,&!+83$!2B3%+!0-VB0!'+3+!'%0%$!&0--+#%$!\!-042$+3$!.,'%$30%$!0$!.$),&'$! laboratori (laboratorio AcegasApsAmga, laboratorio del Dipartimento di E0%,40%$-0!,!Z,+'-$,3*,!.,##X]3$),&'$%Y!.$!U&$,'%,KLPEPZP!,!#05+&0%+&$+! ;N.&+$'+%+2!Z45;!0!C-9^,$%,3($&-9,3/!$3!Z,&403$0>_

– 1 campione da 1L in bottiglia di polietilene destinato alle analisi chi- 4$-9,!2,&!#0!.,W3$*$+3,!.,##,!-+3-,3%&0*$+3$!.,8#$!$+3$!4088$+&$!VB0-#$!5$-0&5+30%$!:;<=3 -_{>/!'$#$-,!:C$=} 2>/!-#+&B&$!:<# -_{>/!3$%&0%$!:?=} 3 -_>/!@+'@0%$! :A=₄3-_{>/!'+#@0%$!:C=} 4 2-_>/!'+.$+!:?0+_{>/!2+%0''$+!:D}+_{>/!4083,'$+!:E8}2+_>/!

calcio (Ca2+_{>!,.!$3+#%&,!`!'%0%0!)0#B%0%0!#0!-+3.B-$5$#$%Y!0!HI!J</!$#!2;/!}

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– 1 campione da 1L raccolto in bottiglia di vetro sterile destinato alle 030#$'$!4$-&+5$+#+8$-9,!VB0#$!$!<+#$@+&4$!%+%0#$/!G3%,&+-+--9$/!G'-9,&$--9$0!-+#$F

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tve so bile izvedene v skladu s postopki, predvidenimi za vodo, ki je na-M%$(%$!"P1#6%Q./"3#+4#Q$(/"6"&.1!,2"5"/+!1/(!$&./M"5!.#$#,!($/M"#,1#.#M" BHVFCCH"5"$!+!$P$#&+(#"WHC"X-"M%(!",%+%.8/(%"3!"(%"5$!Q!1!"C-H"M V1"5!" Y!Z-"[Z-"* FZ_-"R!FZ_{-"C-\"M V1"5!"R1}-_{, SO} ]FE in NOB -_{"+%4"H"^ V1"5!"_%"/$"*$)"} `/.!40#$!+/"&#"0/1/"!$!1/5/4!$/"5"M%+#,#"+/+4!8/(%"5"#0P2+1(/6#&+(#"H"M V1) ?5#+#3&.!"&%&+!6!"aHD_@"/$"aF_{H vode je bila izvedena v laboratoriju}

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sono stati analizzati tramite Titrimetria con sensibilità di 1 mg/l.

Le analisi isotopiche dell’ossigeno e dell’idrogeno sono state realiz-D(6.%<6+2+DD(-/,%2(%).6,/,2,5+(%[(=+6H%^+-5%;,Q-% *.'6!,).6.!%I[^; ?% _+'(!!,%O&L1+":%T(%6.'-+'(%2(4.!%E%>(4(6(%4<223(-(2+4+%/.22(%',)*,4+D+,--.%+4,6,*+'(%/.2%=(*,!.%('@<.,:%J2%'()*+,-.?%*,46,%+-%<-%'()*+,-(6,!.% automatico, viene successivamente iniettato in un vaporizzatore che lo 6!(4B.!+4'.%-.2%[^; :%85-+%'()*+,-.%=+.-.%(-(2+DD(6,%4.+%=,26.?%2(%).-/+(%/.52+%<26+)+%@<(66!,%=(2,!+%/A%2(%',)*,4+D+,-.%+4,6,*+'(:%T(%)(44+)(% +-'.!6.DD(%(-(2+6+'(%!+*,!6(6(%E%*(!+%(%`%1?&0%a%*.!%718<sub>8%.%`%&?0%a%*.!%</sub>

72

9:%G<66.%2.%(-(2+4+%4,-,%46(6.%.4.5<+6.%4.',-/,%52+%46(-/(!/%/+%!+B.!+-).-6,%/.2%2(>,!(6,!+,%'C.%*.!+,/+'().-6.%E%4,66,*,46,%(22.%'(2+>!(D+,-+% raccomandate da IAEA. I valori di d-excess sono stati calcolati a par-6+!.% /(+% =(2,!+% /+% 718_{8% .% 7}2_{9% +-% '()*+,-+% /+% ('@<(% ',-% <-3(''<!(6.DD(%}

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vode, katerih kemijska sestava je posledica raztapljanja karbonatnih ka-M$/$-".#+"(%"4!56/,$#"/5"4!5M%4(!"M%,"R!FZ_"/$"bR@ B -_{"65#4P%$/7"6#,"$!"} ;1/./"])A)" p%34!6"/M!(#"6&%"65#4P%$%"6#,%"3#,#0$#".%M/(&.#"&%&+!6#-"(%"#3!-5$#"3#&+#3$#"6/Q!$(%"M/$%4!1/5!8/(%"#,"3#64Q/$&./7">65#4P$!"M%&+!"#0" &+42 !7"4%.";#P%-"i/3!6%"/$"c%.%O"."3#,5%M$/M"6#,!M">65#48/-"#,65%+/" 6"(!M!7-"3/%5#M%+4/7"/$"$!"/56/4/7O) h$!1/5!"%1%.+4#34%6#,$#&+/">LRO-"./"(%"$%3#&4%,%$"/54!5"M/$%4!1/5!-8/(%"6#,%-"/$"M#1!4$% !"4!5M%4(!"* VR!"#M# #P!"4%.#$&+42.8/(#"+#.!" 6#,%"#,"3#$#4!"$!"3#64Q(2",#"3#$#6$% !"3#(!6!"$!"/56/42)" i"3#64Q/$&./7"6#,!7"&%"64%,$#&+"%1%.+4#34%6#,$#&+/" /01(%"3#,"BCC" q;V8M-"M#1!4$#"4!5M%4(%"* VR!"3!"6!4//4!"6"#,6/&$#&+/"#,"1/+#1#Q./7"5$!-P/1$#&+/"$!3!(!1$% !"#0M#P(!)"e!";#P#-".!+%4%"$!3!(!1$#"5!1%,(%" 4!,/(#" 34%+%'$#".!40#$!+$%".!M$/$%">!3$%$8/"/$",#1#M/+/O-"(%"5$!P/1$!"%$.4!+" T(% ',)*,4+D+,-.% +4,6,*+'(% /.22,% 46!,-D+,% I !"?% '+,E% +2% !(**,!6,% 87_Sr/86 _{!?%E%46(6(%(-(2+DD(6(%<6+2+DD(-/,%<-,%4*.66!,).6!,%bS%0cR%./%+2%} 4,B6Q(!.%d-(2H46% IT</Q+5?% &KKc":% J% !(**,!6+% )+4<!(6+% 4,-,% 46(6+% ',!!.66+% durante l’analisi usando il rapporto di frazionamento 86_Sr/88_{Sr di 0,1194.}

Z+4<!.%!+*.6<6.%I-eO0"%/.22,%46(-/(!/%Xf %KMg%C(--,%/(6,%<-%=(2,!%).-/+,%/+%1?g&1OcM`O%.%*.!6(-6,%-,-%4,-,%46(6.%(**2+'(6.%',!!.D+,-+%*.!%2(% deriva strumentale. !"!#$%&'(')*+,-.)'$/'-$/+*-$'$/-(01((-.)' ;(6,%'C.%2(%!+'(!+'(%/.223('@<+B.!,%'(!4+',%E%4,46(-D+(2).-6.%!(**!.4.-- 6(6(%/(%6!.%/+=.!4+%',-6!+><6+%@<(2+?%23('@<(%/.2%^.h(?%2.%*!.'+*+6(D+,-+%.BF- '('+%.%+2%',-6!+><6,%/.223J4,-D,%Ii+-+%.6%(2:?%O1&c"?%4+%4,-,%<6+2+DD(6.%2.%'(-!(66.!+46+'C.%5.,'C+)+'C.%.%)+'!,>+,2,5+'C.%/.22.%('@<.%@<(2+%6!(''+(-6+% naturali per cercare di comprenderne l’origine e la provenienza.

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composizione isotopica più bassa, tendono ad abbassare il loro rappor-3/#%$/3/&% /#$"24'#&",o#1'%#,'55%+25","#)8"*+%)%A,%/# /2#%# ',A/2'3%# /1"# /$$",6'3/#2"))"#6',%"#$/,5"23%?#@"#' *+"#("))"#$/,5"23%:#("%#&%"4/1"3,%# e delle cavità carsiche mostrano valori intermedi tra la composizione %$/3/&% '#("))89$/24/#"#(")#<"='#"#*+"))%#(%#+28' *+'#%2#"*+%)%A,%/# /2#%# ',A/2'3%# ,"3' % %#. /1&/$%4%/2"#%$/3/&% '#1"(%'iI:PIPNI>?#K"#/$$",-6%'1/#3+33%#%# '1&%/2%:#&/$$%'1/# /2 )+(","# !"#3+33"#)"#' *+"#'2')%4-zate indicano un processo di mescolamento tra un componente che si '66% %2'#'))8"*+%)%A,%/# /2#%# ',A/2'3%#. /2#A'$$'# /1&/$%4%/2"#%$/3/&% '# "#,")'3%6'1"23"#')3/# /23"2+3/#(%#K,>#"(#+2# /1&/2"23"#%2#"*+%)%A,%/# /2# minerali silicatici che presentano un rapporto isotopico più radiogenico "#+2#A'$$/# /23"2+3/#(%#K,:# /1"#%)#-+1"#9$/24/#/#<"='?

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composizione isotopica dell’ossigeno uguale alle precipitazioni medie )/ ')%#.`18_{ai#LP:Ok>#"(#%#6')/,%#("%#-+1%#<"='#"(#9$/24/#,%)"6'3%#2")#}

'1-&%/2'1"23/?#D/1"#&/$$%'1/#/$$",6',"#%)# /23,%A+3/#(")#-+1"#<"='#0# evidente per le sorgenti di Aurisina, San Canziano e Trebiciano, per il &/44/#gW#"#%2#*+'23%3'3%6/#(" %$'1"23"#%2G",%/,"#&",#%#&%"4/1"3,%#SR#"# gd?#S",#*+'23/#,%5+',('#%)# /23,%A+3/#(")#-+1"#9$/24/:#*+"$3/#,%$+)3'#"6%-("23"#&",#%)#&%"4/1"3,/#(%#D'$3")6" !%/#"#&",#)"#$/,5"23%#(%#S%"3,',/$$'# e Sablici. Tutte le altre sorgenti tra cui anche Sardos e Timavo, si col-locano tra le due curve, evidenziando un’alimentazione più complessa .2/2#$"1&)% "1"23"#A%2',%'># /2# /23,%A+3/#(%#"23,'1A%#5)%#'&&/,3%#7+6%'-)%#"#("))"#' *+"#(%#&", /)'4%/2"? 9#,"$3'23%#&%"4/1"3,%#2/2#"6%("24%'2/# /23,%A+3%#("%#(+"#-+1%#"#&/$-$%'1/#2/3',"# !"#$/2/# ','33",%44'3%#('#6')/,%#(%#`18_{a#1"2/#%1&/6",%3%#%2#} %$/3/&%#&"$'23%#,%$&"33/#')#<"=':#%2(% '3%6%#(%#+2#$%52%- '3%6/# /23,%A+3/#(%# ' *+"#(%#%2-)3,'4%/2"#)/ ')"?# 1232424)6%"%--#"'&&%&'!(#):' "!,'!$!A' %

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L’assenza di una rete fognaria nel territorio del Carso Classico, as-$/ %'3'#'))'#&,"$"24'#(%#&/44%#&",("23%#G'#$l# !"#%)#,%$ !%/#(%# /23'1%2'-4%/2%#%1&/,3'23%:#$%'#"$3,"1'1"23"#')3/?#T"))/#$&" %- /:#(+,'23"#)'#$"$3'# '1&'52'# (%# 1/2%3/,'55%/# 0# "1",$/# !"# %# '1&%/2%# &%^# %2*+%2'3%# (')# &+23/# (%# 6%$3'# 1% ,/A%/)/5% /# '&&'%/2/# "$$","# *+"))%# &,/6"2%"23%# ('))"# ' *+"# ("))89$/24/# . '1&%/2"# &,")"6'3/# '# _/,%4%':# '# 1/23"# ("))'# /2-7+"24'# /2#%)#;%&' />#(/6"#)'#&,"$"24'#(%#D/)%G/,1%#$+&",'#)"#HI?III# ESTFRII#1)?#T")# '1&%/2"#%2/)3,"#$/2/#&,"$"23%#&%^#(%#YIII#ESTFRII# ml di E. coli, indice di un’importante contaminazione fecale, confermata '2 !"#('))'#&,"$"24'#(%#C23",/ / !%?#Z')"#,%$+)3'3/#2/2#0#%$/)'3/:#1'# emerge anche dalle precedenti campagne di monitoraggio.

S",# /23,/#%# '1&%/2%#1"2/#%2*+%2'3%#,%$+)3'2/#"$$","#*+"))%#&,")"6'3%# dai piezometri (B7, B9, B4, [3/,q":#;O>:#&/% !h:#'#&',3"#)'#&,"$"24'#(%# /)%G/,1%#3/3')%:#%2#*+"$3%# '1&%/2%#5)%#C23",/ / !%#"#5)%#C$ !",% !%'# /)%# sono presenti solo in numero limitato, indice di una bassissima conta-minazione fecale.

Nei campioni delle sorgenti il grado di contaminazione microbica 0# &,"$$/ !h# +5+')"# 2"%# (%6",$%# &+23%# (%# &,")%"6/# .3,'# )"# N# ESTFRII# 1)# "# )"# HP# ESTFRII# 1)>:# G'33'# " "4%/2"# &",# )"# $/,5"23%# (%# X+,%$%2'# .dd# ESTFRII# 1)># (/6"# $/2/# $3'3%# ,%)"6'3%# 6')/,%# 1'55%/,%# (%# C?# /)%# ,%$&"33/# agli altri punti.

S",#*+'23/#,%5+',('#%#&,")%"6%#"GG"33+'3%#2"))"#5,/33":#%)# '1&%/2"#&,/-6"2%"23"# ('))8XA%$$/# (%# Z,"A% %'2/# ,%$+)3'# %)# &%^# %2*+%2'3/# (')# &+23/# (%# 6%$3'# 1% ,/A%/)/5% /:# %2# *+'23/# &,"$"23'# '2 !"# +2'# 2/3"6/)"# /23'1%-nazione fecale.

4.3.3 Conclusioni

Il monitoraggio eseguito nei tre anni di progetto ha confermato che le ' *+"#("))8' *+%G",/# ',$% /#(")#D',$/#D)'$$% /#&,"$"23'2/#(')#&+23/#(%# 6%$3'#5"/ !%1% /#/33%1"# ','33",%$3% !"#(%#*+')%3B?

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