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Fred KNOWLES1888–1973

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acquainted with Dr. Jules Dejerine, a young neu- rologist, while she was still a student and they married in her senior year. Together the Dejerines formed a team and shared in the neurologic inves- tigations that resulted in her husband rising to the position of professor of neurology and chief of neurology at the Salpetriere Hospital in Paris.

Dejerine-Klumpke was highly respected as a neurologist in her own right.

where he graduated from the college of medicine in 1920. He took his internship at the Children’s Hospital in Iowa City, where he worked with Dr.

Steindler. Following this he went to Chicago and took a residency at St. Luke’s Hospital.

Dr. Knowles’ inventiveness extended into other fields. He designed a fascinating home on the banks of the Des Moines River in the outskirts of Fort Dodge, with special tennis courts and bowling greens. He was a highly successful organic gardener and grower of orchids. His inter- est in art continued during his medical career and he carried on with his painting and was involved with several local art groups. Dr. Knowles was active in the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons since its founding in 1933. He was a past president of the Iowa Orthopedic Society, and a member of the Mid-Central States Ortho- pedic Society, the International College of Sur- geons, and national, state, and local medical societies.

Dr. Fred Knowles died on February 13, 1973.

He was survived by his wife and two daughters.

Dr. Knowles’ productive life can serve as an excellent model for those of us who find our intel- lectual pursuits hurried in the turmoil of private orthopedic practice.

178

Who’s Who in Orthopedics

Fred KNOWLES

1888–1973

While Dr. Knowles practiced orthopedics pri- vately in the small and academically isolated community of Fort Dodge, Iowa, for over 40 years, he remained a remarkable innovator in the mechanical aspects of orthopedic surgery.

We are all familiar with the Knowles pin, which he developed for the treatment of femoral- neck fractures. In addition, he invented a portable fracture table, which was quite useful in the days when itinerant orthopedic surgery was a com- monly accepted practice. He was most well known by his patients for his method of treatment of disc disease with metal internal vertebral support. This procedure required minimum surgi- cal exposure and in his hands, at least, was highly successful.

Dr. Knowles was born in Kingsley, Iowa, on May 19, 1888. He did his undergraduate work at Oberlin from 1910 to 1912. He spent 1 year at the Art Institute in Chicago in 1913, but decided to turn to medicine. He went to Iowa City, Iowa,

Theodor KÖCHER

1841–1917

Theodor Köcher was born in Bern, Switzerland,

the son of a successful civil engineer. In his early

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