Knee Arthroplasty Handbook

Knee Arthroplasty Handbook

Knee Arthroplasty Handbook

Techniques in Total Knee and Revision Arthroplasty

Editors

Giles R. Scuderi, M.D.

Insall Scott Kelly Institute New York, New York

Alfred J. Tria, Jr., M.D.

Orthopaedic Center of New Jersey Somerset, New Jersey

With 75 Figures

3

Giles R. Scuderi, M.D.

Insall Scott Kelly Institute 178 East 85^thStreet New York, NY 10028

Alfred J. Tria, Jr., M.D.

Orthopaedic Center of New Jersey 1527 State Highway 27, Suite 1300 Somerset, NJ 08873 USA

Cover illustration: See Figure 7.7.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2005938493

ISBN-10: 0-387-30730-3 ISBN-13: 978-0387-307305 Printed on acid-free paper.

© 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in con- nection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of infor- mation storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden.

The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.

While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The pub- lisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.

Printed in the United States of America. (BS/MVY) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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This book is dedicated to our mentor, John N. Insall, M.D.

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Preface

Knee Arthroplasty Handbook: Techniques in Total Knee and Revision Arthroplasty has been developed as a quick reference book for sur- geons performing total knee replacement. Following completion of our previous book, Surgical Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty, we looked back retrospectively and condensed the material. We selected chapters that have a direct bearing on the surgical tech- nique, such as instrumentation, correction of deformity, implant selection, revision arthroplasty and management of complications.

We feel that these selected chapters, left in their original format, are an excellent summary of the topics at hand. The techniques are completely up to date and the manual approach should make it easier to obtain specific information in a minimal amount of time.

This text should be a valuable assistance to medical students and residents who are attempting to develop an early expertise in total knee arthroplasty.

Giles R. Scuderi, MD Alfred J. Tria, MD November 2005

Contents

Preface . . . . vii Contributors . . . . xi

1 The Basic Principles . . . . 1 GILESR. SCUDERI

2 Instrumentation in Total Knee Arthroplasty . . . . 7 ALFREDJ. TRIA, JR.

3 Medial Release for Fixed-Varus Deformity . . . . 25 DAVIDJ. YASGUR, GILESR. SCUDERI, and

JOHNN. INSALL

4 Lateral Release for Fixed-Valgus Deformity . . . . 41 FRANKIEM. GRIFFIN, GILESR. SCUDERI, and

JOHNN. INSALL

5 Flexion Contracture in Total Knee Arthroplasty . . . . . 57 PAULA. LOTKEand R.G. SIMON

6 Cement in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty . . . . 70 ALFREDJ. TRIA, JR.

7 Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty . . . . 80 AARONA. HOFMANNand DAVIDF. SCOTT

8 Three-Step Technique for Revision Total Knee

Arthroplasty . . . . 104 KELLYG. VINCEand DANIELA. OAKES

9 Classification of Bone Defects: Femur and Tibia . . . . 116 GERARDA. ENGH

10 Constrained Total Knee Designs for Revision

Arthroplasty . . . . 133 JAMESRANDand WILLIAMMARTIN

11 Two-Stage Reimplantation for Infection . . . . 150 GILESR. SCUDERIand HENRYD. CLARKE

12 Acute and Chronic Rupture of the Quadriceps Tendon Treated with Direct Repair . . . . 154 ROBERTE. BOOTHand FRANKP. FEMINO

13 Management of the Patella Tendon Disruptions in

Total Knee Arthroplasty . . . . 158 GILESR. SCUDERIand BRIANC. DEMUTH

14 Revision of Periprosthetic Femur Fractures . . . . 169 ROBERTE. BOOTHand DAVIDG. NAZARIAN

15 Revision Arthroplasty for Tibial Periprosthetic

Fractures . . . . 175 WAYNEG. PAPROSKY, TODDD. SEKUNDIAK, and

JOHNKRONICK

Index . . . . 191 x CONTENTS

Contributors

ROBERTE. BOOTH, JR., M.D.

Chief of Orthopaedics Pennsylvania Hospital Philadelphia, PA, USA HENRYD. CLARKE, M.D.

Attending Orthopaedic Surgeon The Mayo Clinic

Scottsdale, AZ, USA BRIANC. DEMUTH, M.D.

The Insall Scott Kelly Institute Beth Israel Medical Center New York, NY, USA GERARDA. ENGH, M.D.

Associate Clinical Professor

University of Maryland Medical School Baltimore, MD, USA

President

Anderson Orthopedic Institute Alexandria, VA, USA

FRANKP. FEMINO, M.D.

Department of Orthopaedics Pennsylvania Hospital Philadelphia, PA, USA FRANKIEM. GRIFFIN, M.D.

The Insall Scott Kelly Institute Orthopedic Surgeon

Van Buran, ARK, USA AARONA. HOFMANN, M.D.

Professor, Department of Orthopaedics University of Utah

Salt Lake City, UT, USA

JOHNN. INSALL, M.D. (1930–2000) Clinical Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, NY, USA

Director and Founder

The Insall Scott Kelly Institute New York, NY, USA

JOHNKRONICK, M.D.

Central DuPage Hospital Winfield, IL, USA PAULA. LOTKE, M.D.

Professor, Department of Orthopaedics University of Pennsylvania Hospital Philadelphia, PA, USA

WILLIAMMARTIN, M.D.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo Clinic

Scottsdale, AZ, USA DAVIDG. NAZARIAN, M.D.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Pennsylvania Hospital

Philadelphia, PA, USA DANIELA. OAKES, M.D.

Department of Orthopaedics University of Louisville Louisville, KY, USA WAYNEG. PAPROSKY, M.D.

Department of Adult Joint Reconstruction Rusk-Presbyterian-St. Lukes Medical Center Chicago, IL, USA

JAMESALANRAND, M.D.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo Clinic

Scottsdale, AZ, USA DAVIDF. SCOTT, M.D.

Department of Orthopaedics University of Utah

Salt Lake City, UT, USA xii CONTRIBUTORS

GILESR. SCUDERI, M.D.

Attending Orthopedic Surgeon Lenox Hill Hospital

New York, NY, USA

Director, The Insall Scott Kelly Institute New York, NY, USA

Assistant Clinical Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Bronx, NY, USA

TODDD. SEKUNDIAKM.D.

Section of Orthopaedics University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R.G. SIMON, M.D.

Department of Orthopaedics University of Pennsylvania Hospital Philadelphia, PA, USA

ALFREDJ. TRIA, M.D.

Clinical Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Orthopaedic Center of New Jersey Somerset, NJ, USA

KELLYG. VINCE, M.D.

Associate Professor

Department of Orthopaedics University of Louisville Louisville, KY, USA DAVIDJ. YASGUR, M.D.

Katonah Medical Group Katonah, NY, USA

CONTRIBUTORS xiii