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Abstracts for the 24th Congress of the World
Association for Sexual Health (WAS)
Alain Giami & Erick Janssen
To cite this article: Alain Giami & Erick Janssen (2019) Abstracts for the 24th Congress of the World Association for Sexual Health (WAS), International Journal of Sexual Health, 31:sup1, 1-627, DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2019.1661941
To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2019.1661941
© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Published online: 09 Oct 2019.
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ABSTRACTS
24th Congress of the World Association for Sexual Health (WAS)
and
XII Congreso Nacional de Educaci
on Sexual y Sexologıa (FEMESS)
October 12–15, 2019
Mexico City
Guest Editors:
Alain Giami & Erick Janssen
Supported by WAS.
This Abstract has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the Abstract.
ß 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or recommendations of the World Association
for Sexual Health.
Dosages, indications, and methods of use for products that are referred to in this supplement by
the authors may reflect their clinical experience or may be derived from the professional literature
or other clinical sources. Because of the differences between in vitro and in vivo systems and
between laboratory animal models and clinical data in humans, in vitro and animal data may not
necessarily correlate with clinical results.
Welcome Message from the was President
Pedro Nobre
It is with great pleasure that I welcome you to the 24th Congress of the World Association for Sexual Health (WAS), to be taking place in Mexico City, October 12 to 15, 2019. WAS just celebrated its 40th anniversary and I believe this World Congress will constitute a cornerstone in its history, marking a clear movement towards the promotion of sexual health and sexual rights for all at the global level.
Since its foundation in 1978 as the world’s major umbrella organization in the field of sexology, WAS has been increasingly devoted to promote sexual health and rights across the world. Our mission statement summarizes this vision, emphasizing that WAS “pro-motes sexual health throughout human life spans all over the world by developing, promoting and support-ing sexology and sexual rights for all”.
The World Congress is a very important strategic framework to pursue the WAS mission by increasing visibility and awareness of the importance of sexual health and rights. We will have a very intense, diverse, and global scientific program chaired by Alain Giami (chair) and Erick Janssen (vice-chair), together with the Congress President (Osmar Matsui), the Local Scientific Committee (chaired by Verónica Delgado)
and the Local Organizing Committee (Esther Corona, Eusebio Aurioles, and Luis Perelman).
This 24thCongress will be one of the most well attended WAS Congresses in history, with over 1000 scientific presentations from authors representing well over 60 countries from all continents. Moreover, most of the world organizations working in the field at both national and international levels will actively participate and organize more than 60 symposia on variety of topics. Finally, several special sessions and symposia will be organized by UN organizations working on sexual health related fields such as UNFPA, WHO, IPPF, UNESCO. Participating at the WAS Congress in Mexico is an opportunity to celebrate and share the diversity and rich-ness of the science and practice of sexual health and sex-ual rights and meet experts and colleagues from all over the globe. It is also an opportunity to network with a truly multicultural audience from a variety of countries on the five continents while enjoying the atmosphere of one of the most historical UNESCO World Heritage cit-ies in the world.
Welcome to the 24thCongress of the World Association for Sexual Health.
Pedro Nobre
Message from the President of the 24th Congress of the World Association
for Sexual Health & XII Congreso Nacional de Educaci
on Sexual y SexologÍa
Osmar Juan Matsui Santana
The Mexican Federation for Sexual Education and Sexology (FEMESS) welcome all participants from all over the world and their presentations during the 24th Congress of WAS & XII Congreso Nacional de Educación Sexual y Sexología.
This World Congress is, for many of us, a meaningful experience. Among many reasons, I will focus only in three: First, because it is one of the WAS Congresses with more attendants and presenters from the five con-tinents, more than 70 countries; second, the scientific program of the 24th Congress integrates all the major fields of sexual science, education, policy, rights and advocacy; and third, for the first time in WAS con-gresses there are many Latin American presenters and attendants, which brings the opportunity for many
countries in our continent, to know what is happening with the development of sexual health and sexual rights in other areas of the planet, and for the professionals from other regions to have a closer knowledge about what Latin American sexologists are doing.
During the 24th WAS/XII FEMESS Congress and from this document, international and national agen-cies, organizations and authorities may have also an opportunity to appreciate the need to improve the development of sexual health and sexual rights in many regions of the world.
Finally, welcome and thank you for your contribu-tion to make this Congress a successful scientific event to be remembered.
Message from the Chairs of the WAS Scientific Committee: Building the
Scientific Program of the 24
thWAS Congress (2019)
Alain Giami and Erick Janssen
This supplement to the International Journal of Sexual Health, the official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health (WAS), offers readers the abstracts of all lectures, oral communications, and posters pre-sented at the 24th WAS Congress in Mexico City (October 12–15, 2019).
The program of this congress was developed with the help of a wide range of scientific and professional partners from all regions of the world, representing the full scope of disciplines and specialties that together make up the multifaceted field of human sexuality, sex-ual health, and sexsex-ual rights. We would like to thank the members of the WAS Scientific Committee who contributed to the general design of the program by defining the main thematic tracks that formed its sci-entific framework; the members of the local Scisci-entific Committee who worked on the Spanish program, and the International Scientific Committee, which includes more than 120 people who evaluated the many pro-posals that were submitted for presentation at the Congress.
The program of a congress such as the one organ-ized by WAS, however, is not based solely on the rigorous scientific evaluation of the submitted pro-posals. The various WAS stakeholders extended a num-ber of invitations to participate in and contribute to the Congress in the form of, among others, keynote lectures and invited symposia. Many of the most prom-inent individuals in the field of sexual health, sexology, sex research, sexual medicine, sex education, and sexual rights were invited. Also, representatives of major international organizations such as UNESCO, UNFPA, WHO, PAHO, and non-governmental organizations such as IPPF were invited, as well as major research and clinical associations that have been working in this field for many years such as IASR, SSSS, AASSECT, SSTARR, WPATH, ISSM and ESSM. In addition, we invited the many other, national and regional, sexual health associations that are members of WAS.
approaches, and last but not least, work that reflects a commitment to serve and advance sexual health and sexual rights. The response to the call for papers for the WAS Congress was exceptional. More than a thou-sand proposals for oral presentations and posters were submitted, and more than 60 symposia proposals were received, from all over the world.
The WAS congress differs from other, more special-ized conferences in sexology, sexual medicine, or sex research because of its hybrid nature and the bridges it aims to build between practitioners, researchers, acti-vists, and government representatives, all of whom are motivated by the desire to ground their work on the
most solid data and scientific knowledge available. With all the work presented at this congress, we hope to enrich the activities of the various groups of practi-tioners, from researchers to policy makers, and to facilitate the dialogue and exchange between people from different disciplines, places, and backgrounds.
WAS CONGRESS COMMITTEES
World Association for Sexual Health (WAS)
Federación Mexicana de Educación Sexual y Sexología (FEMESS)
Pedro Nobre WAS President
Osmar Juan Matsui Santana
President of the Congress & President of the FEMESS Alain Giami
WAS Scientific Committee President WAS SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Chair: Alain Giami
Vice-Chair: Erick Janssen
1. Sexual Rights & Ethics (Tommi Paalanen & Tomoko Saotome)
2. Social & Behavioral Sciences(Terry Humphreys & David Paternotte)
3. Clinical Sciences & Therapy (Denise Medico & Patricia Pascoal)
4. Basic Science(Jim Pfaus)
5. Sexual Medicine(Mijal Luria & Béatrice Cuzin) 6. Public Health and Public policies (Kenneth
Rochel de Camargo)
7. Education(Osmo Kontula & Lin Myers Jovanovic) LOCAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE (Mexico) Chair: Veronica Delgado Parra
Members:
Ana María Delgado León Francisco Delfín Lara
María Teresa Hurtado de Mendoza Zabalgoitia Lucila Soriano Flores
Selma González Serratos Ligia Vera Gamboa
José de Jesús González Salazar Felicitas Valdivia
Laura Flores González
WAS INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE (Abstract Reviewers) Chair: Alain Giami (France)
Members:
Carmita Abdo(Brazil)
P. Ganesan Adaikan(Singapore) José Ángel Aguilar Gil(Mexico) María Clara Arango Restrepo(Mexico) François Allinon(Togo/United States) Elsa Almas (Norway)
Jaime Barrientos Delgado(Chile) Sophie Bergeron(Canada) Fernando Bianco(Venezuela) Charmaine Borg (the Netherlands) Stephanie Both (the Netherlands) Jaqueline Brendler(Brazil) Patti Britton(United States) Francisco Cabello (Spain)
Kenneth Rochel de Camargo (Brazil) Joana Carvalho(Portugal)
Antón Castellanos-Usigli (Mexico) Vanessa Cesnik-Geest(Brazil) Rosemary Coates(Australia) Eli Coleman(United States) Giovanni Corona(Italy) Esther Corona Vargas(Mexico) Béatrice Cuzin(France)
Lars-Gösta Dahlöf(Sweden) Gonzague Delarocque(France) Veronica Delgado Parra(Mexico) Marieke Dewitte(the Netherlands) Maryanne Doherty (Canada) Faysal El Kak (Lebanon) Stefano Eleuteri(Italy) Paul Enzlin(Belgium) Uwem Esiet(Nigeria) Adele Fabrizzi(Italy)
Paul Fedoroff (United States)
José Alonso Fernández Guasti(Mexico) Itor Finotelli Jr.(Brazil)
Laura Flores González(Mexico) Romano Forleo (Italy)
Juan Carlos Hernández Meijueiro(Mexico) Rubén Hernández-Serrano(Venezuela) Yuko Higashi(Japan)
Sharron Hinchliff(United Kingdom) Terry Humphreys(Canada)
Felipe Hurtado Murillo(Spain) Luca Incrocci(Italy/the Netherlands) Erick Janssen(Belgium)
Lin Myers Jovanovic(United States) TK S Jeyarai Kamaraj(India) Osmo Kontula(Finland)
Marie-Claire Koutiangba(Burkina Fasso) Ellen T. M. Laan(the Netherlands) Mijal Luria(Israel)
Amira Maamri(Tunisia) Rafael Mazin(Mexico)
Denise Medico(Canada/Switzerland) Sarra Mokadmi(Tunisia/France) Emilie Moreau(France)
John Mulhall(United States)
Sara Nasserzadeh(United States/Iran) Emil M. L. Ng(China)
Pedro Nobre(Portugal) Conceição Nogueira(Portugal) Cátia Oliveira(Portugal) Tommi Paalanen(Finland) Stéphanie Pache(United States) António Palha(Portugal) Patricia Pascoal(Portugal) Zlatko Pastor(Czech Republic)
David Paternotte(Belgium) Luis Perelman(Mexico) Maria Pérez-Conchillo(Spain) Jim Pfaus(Mexico/Canada) Nicole Prause(United States) Ana Luisa Quinta Gomes(Portugal) Roberta Rossi(Italy)
Eusebio Rubio-Aurioles(Mexico) Elna Rudolph(South Africa) Jorge Saavedra López(Mexico) Andrea Salonia(Italy)
Tomoko Saotome(Japan) Cristiano Scandura(Italy)
Rafaela Schiavon Ermani(Mexico) Juan Carlos Sierra(Spain)
B Srilatha(Singapore)
AleksandarŠtulhofer (Croatia) Mehmet Sungur(Turkey) Nadine Terrein-Rocatti(Mexico) Matt Tilley(Australia)
Francesca Tripodi(Italy) Patricia Uribe Zúñiga(Mexico) Paolo Valerio(Italy)
PRESIDENTIAL LECTURE
Building Bridges: From Research on Sexual Problems to the Promotion of
Sexual Health and Rights
Pedro Nobre
Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
In this lecture I will review 25 years of research on psy-chosocial determinants of sexual function and dysfunc-tion in men and women, with particular emphasis in the role of cognitive and emotional factors. Studies using survey methods and cross-sectional designs, as well as longitudinal studies and experimental studies conducted in the laboratory will be reviewed systemat-ically, and a summary of the main findings for the understanding of sexual dysfunction and implications for the treatment and prevention of sexual problems will be presented.
Moreover, I will build a bridge between the preven-tion of sexual problems and the promopreven-tion of sexual health. I will review existing evidence of the importance of sexual satisfaction and well-being to promote life sat-isfaction and quality of life and reflect on the need to increase global awareness and acceptance of the benefits of sexual health and well-being across the world. Keywords: Sexual Dysfunctions & Sexual Satisfaction, Sexual Health & Rights, Life Satisfaction & Quality of Life Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: No conflict of interest
JOHN MONEY LECTURE
Placing Pleasure into the Tired Narratives of Danger, Death, Disease in
Sexual Health Promotion
Anne Philpott2and Arushi Singhb
a
The Pleasure Project, UK;bThe Pleasure Project, UK and India
Introduction: Pleasure is one of the key motivators for sex globally. However, the framing of sex education and sexual health programmes continues to be one of avoiding danger, avoiding death, and avoiding disease rather than seeking pleasure, enjoying and affirming our bodies, and articulating desires. In fact, pornography, which rarely shows safer sex but has immense erotic appeal, is now one, if not the key channels for sex education globally.
Action: The omission of pleasure in sex education curricula has a damaging effect on sexual health and wellbeing by failing to recognise diverse sexualities, and perpetuating the myth that women are not sexual beings. On the other hand, people with a more positive view of their own sexuality are more likely to practice safer sex, use contraception consistently, have higher sexual self-esteem and therefore be more sexually assert-ive and confident. Despite evidence that attitudes about sexuality influence safer-sex practices and agency, few evaluations of sex education and sexual health interven-tions consider these aspects of people’s sexual
experiences. The recent massive increase in access to erotic media globally, with a very limited view of pleas-ure, gender, race and sexuality, makes the need for more holistic discussions of sexuality and sexual health more urgent. We need to advocate and undertake more ‘pleasure audits’ of organisations who aspire to improve sexual health and well being, and share these for responsibility for global well-being and health.
Conclusion: We need to champion pleasure educa-tion as part of safer sex educaeduca-tion and making erotica safe. The two worlds of pleasure and prevention are strange bedfellows, with vastly different epistemologies, but with much to learn from each other. The next steps include pleasure-inclusive sex education, more safer sex porn, research into effective pleasure inclusive sex education and a global declaration bringing together the pleasure and health communities.
Keywords:pleasure, sex education, wellbeing
WAS GOLD MEDALIST LECTURES
Oportunidades y Retos para los Derechos Sexuales en la Era Digital
Maria Perez Conchillo
Instituto de Sexologia y psicologia Espill, Programa Universitario de Salud Sexual UNED-Espill, Spain
En Internet, como en el mundo offline, resulta muy pre-ocupante la asociación de lo sexual con lo negativo y pel-igroso; circunscribiendo en muchos casos el discurso de la sexualidad humana a lo pornográfico, entendido como un sexo mercantilizado y desprovisto de valorares. Por otro lado, no se puede negar que la red puede ser una excelente plataforma para ayudar a la promoción de los derechos sexuales. La www es un efi-caz escaparate para el discurso feminista generando investigaciones excelentes que se transforman en información accesible; lo mismo ocurre en el colectivo LGTBIQ y con reivindicaciones de minorías sexuales. Pero, desgraciadamente la vigilancia, la persecución y la censura se extienden al mundo digital.
Para que el discurso sexológico tenga la presencia que merece, tenemos que poner el foco en las dificul-tades y hacernos algunas preguntas: ¿Permite Internet la expresión de los derechos sexuales? ¿Hay libertad de expresión para la diversidad sexual? ¿cómo se mani-fiesta la violencia de género en línea? ¿Están google y Yootube censurando propuestas de educación sexual?
¿Qué es considerado “porno” en Internet? ¿Cómo se margina la diversidad sexual desde WWW? ¿Están los niños, niñas y adolescentes en situación de riesgo cuando navegan por Internet? ¿Corren peligro los acti-vistas de derechos sexuales por sus manifestaciones en red? >Corren peligro los profesionales de la salud sexual?
Si abrimos la mirada más allá de nuestro entorno, vemos que la persecución a los Derechos Sexuales está presente también en el mundo digital. Hay países en los que corren peligro los profesionales y los activistas, por lo que tenemos que estar preparados para que el discurso de la sexualidad se exprese en Internet como un bien supremo de las personas; para esto necesita-mos contar con investigaciones sobre el tema para poder afrontar estos retos y seguir defendiendo los derechos sexuales en la era digital.
Palabras clave: Derechos Sexuales, Internet, Censura Conflicto de interés y declaración de divulgación: Ninguno
Thirty Years Achievement of a Gynecologist as a Sex Therapist and Current
Issues on Sexual Health in Japan
Reiko Ohkawa
Japan Society of Sexual Science, Japan
It was back in 1979when I was seeking the way to real-ize gender equality as a medical doctor, and thought it should be related to sexual issues, I met JASCT, Japan Association of Sex Counselors & Therapists. It was established by Dr. Nozue, Dr. Matsumoto and other predecessors of sexology. There I learned sexual sci-ence. Having confirmed that the central issue of gender equality is in the sexuality, I decided to pursue the huge subject as a specialist of sex therapy. The name of JASCT was changed in 1995 to JSSS, Japan Society of Sexual Science, of which I have been the 4thpresident since 2006.
I started sex therapy in 1983.Till recently I have seen about 700 patients with sexual dysfunction. Patients were mostly female and diagnosed with vaginismus.
While the psychological therapy is not the territory of a medical doctor, as a gynecologist I could find out the characteristic of vaginal responses of the patients by pelvic examination and could give a feedback of the findings to them to help them learn to accept objects into the vagina.
muscle contraction. The other is the phobic type, in which the patients express phobia of penetration of the vagina without showing involuntary contraction. Besides those, there are patients who cannot be classi-fied under those types, because they refuse to allow the therapist to insert a finger for examination. And others show none of the difficulties of taking a pelvic examin-ation though they couldn’t have sexual intercourse.
Those findings correspond to the definition of “Genito Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder” in DSM-5.
In the Speech I will mention current issues on sexual health in Japan.
Keywords: Sex therapy, Penetration disorder, Sexual health
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
Developments of Sexology in France between 1974 and 2019
Mireille Bonierbale
AIUS, Marseille, France
It took more than 40 years to build French sexology. In 1974 Paris is chosen to organize the 1st International Congress of Medical Sexology. At the same time, the SFSC, French association of sexology, is created, and organize courses and conferences. WHO declares the importance of sexual health and the need for professional training.
In 1975 and 1976, the first academic diplomas in sexology are created in Marseille and Lyon, with other universities gradually joining them. The pioneering sexologists and teachers are grouped in a post-graduate association: the AIHUS, which will become AIUS in 2012. Academics and practitioners, doctors and non-physicians, teachers and trainers, are gathered in the same spirit, united by the same concern for ethics, clin-ical practice, research and transmission of new know-ledge that denounce sexual suffering at a time when it is still taboo to talk about sexuality.
AIUS’ objectives extend to the training of French doctors and health professionals concerned with the difficulties of sexuality, to the field of prevention and
education, to the field of sexual violence, to the quality of sexual life of HIV-positive people, to the manage-ment of sexuality in chronic diseases and disabilities, to better inform professionals and the public about sexual orientation and gender identities and their difficulties.
The AIHUS create the journal “Sexologies” in 1992, only bilingual journal in the field of sexology now ref-erenced in the Emerging Source Citation Index (ESCI) and many others, now organ of the EFS and AIUS
With the SFSC, AIUS founds a Federation of Sexology and Sexual Health at the origin of National Congresses. After its recent dissolution, a new chapter in the history of sexology is beginning. AIUS plays a central role in the development of French sexology, organization of teaching and training, research, man-agement of the profession and definition of profes-sional standards
Keywords:AIUS, Sexology, Teaching
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
The Development of Sexual Pleasure During Adolescence
J. Dennis Fortenberry
Indiana University School of Medicine, USA
The motivating question of this talk is “what is the ontogeny of sexual pleasure during adolescent sexuality development?” I also consider the question of whether adolescents, as with adults, are primarily motivated by sexual pleasure in sexual relationships, or whether
pleasure in young people’s sexual development, and in an interrogation of the meaning and function of sexual pleasure through an examination of youth’s sexual embodiments, with focus on bodies that are marginal-ized or considered sexually disabled. My goal is to reposition sexual pleasure into an inclusive, develop-mentally-relevant framework that illuminates the many
nuances of pleasure experiences and their contributions to sexual wellbeing.
Keywords: adolescence, sexual pleasure, sexual wellbeing
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
INVITED KEYNOTE LECTURES
Restoring the Natural Order: The Religious Extremists
’ Vision to Mobilize
European Societies Against Human Rights on Sexuality and Reproduction
Neil Datta
EPF-European Parliamentary Forum on Reproductive Health and Rights, Belgium
In 2013, 20 US and European campaigners began strate-gizing ‘achievable goals’ to roll back human rights for sexual and reproductive health in Europe. Documents have recently emerged which reveal a detailed, extremist strategy called Restoring the Natural Order: an Agenda for Europe, which seeks to overturn existing laws on basic human rights related to sexuality and reproduc-tion, such as the right to divorce; for a woman to access contraception, assisted reproduction technologies or have an abortion; equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans or intersex (LGBTI) persons; or the right to change one’s gender or sex without fear of legal repercussions.
The initial group of campaigners has grown to attract over 100 anti-human rights, anti-women’s rights and anti-LGBTI organizations from over 30 European countries and now goes by the name ‘Agenda Europe’. Agenda Europe is a Vatican-inspired, professional
advocacy network, whose members meet in secret, and which is directly responsible for implementing a detailed strategy to roll back human rights.
The Agenda Europe strategy is producing concrete results, such as the 2016 Polish bill to ban abortion, bans on equal marriage in several Central European countries and over a dozen comparable acts at national level and in European institutions aiming to limit women’s and LGBTI rights. This paper details Agenda Europe’s aims, strategies and key players, to help human rights defenders respond appropriately.
Keywords: Rise of ultra-conservatism in Europe, Rolling back of Human Rights, Secret strategy of the extremists revealed
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
Paying Attention in Sex: The Science of Mindfulness for Improving Sexual
Response
Lori A. Brotto
University of British Columbia, Canada
Sex in a multi-tasking world has become distracted, pressured, and unsatisfying. Rates of sexual dysfunction in men and women are high, and discrepant sexual desire in couples represents one of the most common causes for seeking sex therapy. For women, the update of flibanserin, the only FDA and Health Canada
science evaluating the efficacy of mindfulness for a var-iety of sexual health issues. This talk will consider also the purported mechanisms by which mindfulnes is likely improving sex. Finally, we will consider how prac-titioners can integrate mindfulness into their own sex-ual health practices, and their own lives.
Keywords:mindfulness, sexual health, sexual desire Source of Funding: Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
The Road to Hell. Intersex People, Sexual Health and Human Rights
Mauro Cabral Grinspan
Global Action for Transgender Equality (GATE), Argentina
Over the past twenty five years, intersex advocates and its allies have struggled to put an end to pathologizing taxonomies and mutilating interventions, whose goal is to ‘normalize’ those bodies being born with variations of sex characteristics. In spite of groundbreaking human rights advances at the national, regional and international levels, very little have changed in the medical management of intersex. Worst, the eleventh version of the International Classification of Diseases released by the World Health Organization this year reinforces this approach. One of the key obstacles to address intersex issues in medical settings from the human rights framework is the normative identification of ‘normalizing’ procedures with health providers’ best
possible intention -and, therefore, those procedures and their consequences cannot be identified as human rights violations. In this lecture it will be sustained that for intersex people’s sexual health to be achieved it is imperative to examine and dismantle the ‘best inten-tions’ narrative and to replace it with a strong evi-dence-based approach fully compatible with human rights standards.
Keywords:intersex, best intentions, human rights Source of Funding: Lecturer have received support from OSF, GEF and Arcus Foundation
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
U.S. Sex Offense Policy: The Next
“Surveiller et Punir”
Judith Levine
Independent scholar, journalist, USA
The legacy of the 40-year-long sex panic in the U.S. is a vast regime of draconian penalties and “manage-ment” of “sex offenders” – a category including anyone from consensual teen lovers to armed rapists. Along with long prison sentences, the sex offender registry, and restrictions on residency, work, recreation, travel, and family life, a crucial element of the regime is “sex offender treatment.” Based on the notion that “sexual offending” is a unique, incurable disorder, which must be “contained” to protect the community, especially children, from predation, such treatment is anything but therapeutic. It is coercive, moralistic, often humil-iating, sometimes endless, and practiced in
non-confidential collaboration with punitive authorities. In many states a diagnosed “sexually violent predator” may be detained indefinitely in a psychiatric facility after completing a prison sentence.
sexual violence are indeed psychologically troubled. What responses address sexual harm-doing while upholding justice and nourishing diverse and free sex-ual cultures?
Keywords: U.S. sex law, criminalization, medicalization
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
The Heart and Sex. The Impact of Cardiovascular Disease on Sexual Function
Annamaria Giraldi
Sexological Clinic, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disor-ders of the heart and blood vessels. They include among others: coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease. CVDs are the number 1 cause of death globally. The most important risk factors of heart disease and stroke are unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol. The effects of these behavioral risk factors may show up in individuals as raised blood pressure, raised blood glucose, raised blood lipids, and overweight and obesity. As the sexual function relies heavily on intact blood supply and nerve signaling to the genitals, CVD and sexual dysfunctions (SD) share the same risk fac-tors. Especially for men it has been shown that life style risk factors are major risk factors for erectile dys-function (ED). In women the picture is more unclear regarding the association with CVD and SD. However, in both sexes psychological distress, anxiety and depression, which are commonly seen in patients with CVD, also increase the risk of developing SD and experience a dissatisfying sexual life.
Therefore, it is essential to prevent SD by preventing CVD and to give sexual counselling to patients in cardio-vascular rehabilitation. Despite this knowledge many health care providers fail to include sexual coun-selling in the rehabilitation and treatment for both men and women with CVD. This may lead to anxiety about having sex for the patients and lack of treatment of sexual problems as well as reduced sexual health for the patients and their partners.
The lecture will focus on prevalence of and risk fac-tors for sexual problems related to CVD and how health care providers can help patients with sexual problems and CVD.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, Sexual function, Sexual dysfunction
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: Consultant Eli Lilly, Advisory board Palatin, Futura Medical
Infection and Identity, Desire and Disease: Gay Men, HIV/AIDS and the
History of Sexuality
Gary Dowsett
Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
The current global HIV epidemic in now in its 39th year, although we now know there were isolated cases of HIV infection dating back at least to the 1920s. Gay men in the USA were among the first persons diag-nosed with this new disease even before it received a name. In this ‘epidemic of signification’ (Treichler, 1988), gay men in the West have often provided the
(PLHIV). A reification of these identity categories and others (e.g. FSW or CSW – female sex workers or commercial sex workers) has paralleled an unprece-dented interrogation of human sexuality on a scale hithertofore impossible. Much of this interrogation has relied on often shallow and sometimes specious under-standings of sexuality, e.g. reduced to list of behaviours, or the nonsense of ‘bisexual’ HIV transmission and, more recently, the misuse of ‘transgender’ as a collect-ive noun. These understandings utilise a positivist imperative in sexology and sex research that is
increasingly challenged by post-feminism, queer theory and critical sexuality studies, and by significant shifts in contemporary sexuality and gender politics. Some of these challenges and shifts suggest a return to pre-HIV/AIDS politics, but they also draw on often unrec-ognised consequences of this long epidemic and its moment in the history of sexuality. Using gay men as the starting point, this paper explores that moment. Keywords:gay men, HIV/AIDS, history of sexuality Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
Identifying and Preventing Sexual Aggression Perpetration: Obstacles and
Reasons for Optimism
Zoe Peterson
The Kinsey Institute and Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
Introduction and Objectives: To date, most interven-tions aimed at preventing individuals from perpetrating sexual aggression have proven unsuccessful. Effective primary prevention of sexually aggressive behavior requires an understanding of the factors that contribute to and motivate that behavior. Yet, multiple barriers interfere with the ability to research and intervene with sexually aggressive individuals. This presentation will address those barriers and possible strategies to over-come the barriers, as well as present recent research findings that offer hope that sexually aggressive behav-ior may be changeable.
Methods and Results:This presentation will include findings from several recent studies of college and community men (and one study of men and women), which demonstrate that (1) standard methodological
approaches for identifying sexually aggressive individu-als may be flawed, (2) researchers’ current understand-ings of the correlates of sexual aggression may be too limited, and (3) common research conceptualizations of“sexual aggression” may be too narrow.
Conclusions and Recommendations: Some researchers and theorists have concluded that it is impossible to change the behavior of sexually aggres-sive men, but given the limitations of the existing research, it is far too early to accept that conclusion. Further, many of the results reviewed in this presenta-tion provide reasons for optimism in terms of our abil-ity to change sexually aggressive behavior.
Keywords:sexual assault, sexual coercion, rape Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
Promoting Sexual Rights and Fighting Homo-Transphobia in a University
Context in Italy
Paolo Valerio
SInAPSi Center, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
The SInAPSi University Service Center of the University of Naples Federico II, through its Anti-Discrimination and Culture of Differences Section, promotes events to foster a culture that values differences and good practi-ces. The purpose is to acknowledge, promote, and
LGBTQI. Inviolable rights of each human being include those defined by WAS and WHO as sexual rights (“human rights related to sexual health”), which are pro-moted within contexts acknowledging them. In Italy, due to sexual and gender stigma, LGBTQI and disabled students often find themselves as living their sexual life and love relationships in a situation of invisibility. Likewise, they tend to hide aspects of their sexual iden-tity, conforming themselves to the dominant heteronor-mative, genderist and sexist model that prevails in educational organizations and socialization processes.
An inclusive organization that is sensitive to the emo-tional, social and physical needs of its members, instead, has to promote – through integrated sex education as
well – the active participation of all members. This is what the SInAPSi Center intends to achieve through various activities addressed to university students, such as congresses, information, education, and awareness raising on sexual identity and health, thematic work-shops, information meetings with professors serving as inclusion spokespersons. In doing so, the SInAPSi Center would promote the physical, emotional, social and sexual well-being of all its members, guaranteeing the basic and inviolable rights of well-being and secur-ity, among which the right to sexuality and health. Keywords: LGBTQI, Inclusion, Sexual rights
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
The Global Politics of Pleasure and Danger: Struggles for Sexual Health and
Sexual Rights in the 21st Century
Richard Parkera,b,c
aABIA– Associação Brasileira Interdisciplinar de AIDS, Brazil;bInstituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva (IESC), Universidade Federal do
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;cDepartments of Sociomedical Sciences and Anthropology, Columbia University, USA
This presentation examines key global battlegrounds related to sexuality and human rights over the course of the past four decades.
It draws on critical ethnography and historical ana-lysis, articulated through the work of Sexuality Policy Watch (SPW), a global collective of researchers, acti-vists and policymakers, using detailed case studies to develop cross-cultural comparative analyses of trends in sexuality politics.
Sources include archival research, discourse analysis, ethnographic case studies, visual methods and digital storytelling examining how macro geopolitical forces, social movements, cultural frameworks and institu-tional systems shape debates and practices related to sexual health and sexual rights within global arenas.
Findings focus on four especially important moments the development of global debates related to sexuality and human rights over roughly the past four decades: (1) The emergence of “health and human rights” as intersecting frames for addressing issues related to sexu-ality during the 1980s and the early 1990s in fields such as international health and development; (2) The articu-lation of a concept of“sexual rights” (as the new kid on
the block in human rights thinking and activism by the beginning of the 21st century) from the mid-1990s through the early-2000s; (3) The development of grow-ing global social movements of abortion/reproductive rights activists, LGBTQI persons and activists, people living with HIV (PLHIV) and other AIDS activists, and sex worker activists, articulating growing global net-works and movements from the early and mid-2000s to the early 2010s; and (4) The growing backlash against sexual rights frameworks on the part of conservative and extreme right-wing political movements taking place both locally and globally in a growing range of contexts since the mid-2010s.
Analysis assesses the role of solidarity and coalition-building, tensions between global discourses and ver-nacular rights, and how local circumstances influence revisions and reframings of sexual rights as articulated globally.
Lost in the Pelvic Zone: Catholic Thought on Sexual Ethics
Frances Kissling
The Center for Health, Ethics, and Social Policy, USA
In its formative days, Christians believed two things: Christ would return to the world in their lifetime and it was their obligation to prepare for that event by focusing on prayer. Sex, they understood, was an obs-tacle to paying attention to God. From that simple belief evolved strict rules for avoiding sex. This presen-tation will take us through that early history including, suspicion of women as temptress, the justification of sex only in procreation and disdain for sexual pleasure. Even now, when Christian theologians think about
when it would be licit to have sex, the search for “when” turns quickly to “when not”. However, some modern Christian ethicists have adopted an approach to sexual ethics grounded in the values we use for eval-uating other forms of relationship – especially justice. These approaches will be explored.
Keywords:Catholicism, Sexual Freedom, Justice Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
Patriarchy, Colonialism and Religion: Putting the African Child at the Center
of Comprehensive Sexuality Education in West Africa
Ame Atsu David
Freelance Consultant, Togo (West Africa)
In West Africa, many parents and adults in general, shy away from discussing sex related issues with chil-dren and young people. In spite of the taboo that sur-rounds sexuality, boys learn directly or indirectly from their peers and society at large, that they are supposed to be sexually active from the adolescent age in order to be considered “real” boys. Girls, on the other hand, are subjected to all kinds of practices including female genital mutilations and early marriage in some parts of the region, to ensure they keep their virginity till mar-riage. Cultural and religious beliefs shape the way sexu-ality should be perceived and expressed. Heterosexuality is the norm and homophobia, which did not exist before colonialism according to research, is now rampant in West Africa. The consequences of children and young people’s limited access to compre-hensive sexuality education (CSE) are a high prevalence of child sexual abuse, teenage pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and unsafe abortions among young people.
Over the past ten years, I have been facilitating trainings with parents, religious leaders, teachers, state and civil society actors to break the spell of patriarchy, colonialism and religion in order to put the child at
the centre of CSE in West Africa. My trainings are contributing to a growing understanding and convic-tion among key stakeholders that CSE is not a western notion and does not encourage children and young people to engage in early sex, as many people think, but it equips them to make informed decisions about their sexual health. How can we Africans serve as powerful change agents in our communities, countries and on the continent? Believing in and practicing what we preach as well as using a non-judgemental and a process oriented approach is essential to help change mindsets.
Keywords: Adolescent sexual and reproductive health, Gender equality, Human rights
(UNWomen) and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) implemented in Mali and funded by the Korean International Cooperation Agency (KOICA); (3) Strengthening Civil Society for Family Planning Plus in West Africa Project (CS4FP Plus) implemented
by IntraHealth and funded by William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and the Dutch Embassy.
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: The author received honoraria as consultant from Save the Children International, UNESCO, UNFPA and IntraHealth/CS4FP Plus for the trainings conducted.
WAS LECTURES
Transgenders: Can We Really Exist?
Márcia Rocha
WAS– SRC, Brazil
Introduction: When I was thirteen years old, I begun taking female hormones. My father found out and made me to stop, so I continued living a“double life”, pretending to be a boy.
I am a lawyer, I have four business companies, speak three languages, but if I have beared him at that time and continued the hormonization, all those things could never have happened to me, because of the prejudice of the society.
The objectives of this presentation are to show how an evil structure of the society prevents people of being themselves and what should be done to change that.
Through the studies of some important authors, we will try to show how the society controls people using their gender and sexualities. Also, we intend to show
how unfair and harmful these controls can be for some individuals and for the whole society itself. Describing some real cases, we will show very clearly that these authors were right.
Finally, we will try to show a way to reduce injusti-ces, preparing the future generations to respect the human diversity, through the education.
Supporting literature:
Butler, J., Mead, M., Miskolci, R., Reich, W.
Keywords: prejudice, control, harm
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement:None
Relevant Aspects of MSM-Sexuality for Health Care Professionals
Woet L. Gianotten
ISSC (International Society for Sexuality and Cancer), The Netherlands
Introduction and objectives: The average health care professional (HCP) has very little knowledge of the sexual life of men who have sex with men (MSM). However, MSM-lifestyle and aspects of sexuality are strongly influenced by cancer, by chronic disease and by many medical interventions (far more than happens in mainstream men). HCPs who don’t know and understand the differences with their mainstream male patients will not be able to provide optimal care to their MSM patients. The objective is to offer insight in various aspects of MSM- lifestyle, MSM-relationships and MSM sexual behavior.
Methods: Information was gathered from the litera-ture, from the practice of some gay HCPs and from EMIS. EMIS is the 2010 European MSM internet survey that has been answered by >180.000 men. That combin-ation of informcombin-ation was then approached from the per-spective of diseases, cancer and medical interventions.
differences between the top-man (the ‘inserter’ in anal sex) and the bottom-man (the ‘receiver’). All those practical realities have consequences when the MSM for instance suffers from a chronic disease or needs treatment for cancer. As a results of their lifestyle with more open relationships, MSM contract more sexual transmitted diseases and that changes also their cancer incidence profile.
Recommendations: With this additional knowledge HCPs will realize that the question ‘Who do you have sex with?’ is relevant in clinical practice and a pre-requisite to be able to offer good care.
Keywords:MSM, Sexual life-style, EMIS
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
Sexual Health, Rights, and Politics: Where are We Going and What Can
Be Done?
Sharful Islam Khan
Program of HIV and AIDS, Infectious Disease Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Introduction: Since its inception in 1978, the World Association of Sexual Health (WAS) has organized the World Congress on a biennial basis. This Congress provides a platform to conceptualize and discuss sexual health and rights, while also has encouraged the partic-ipants to conduct research and interventions and share the findings.
Methods: I applied qualitative methods, including document review, as well as key informant interviews, and focus group discussions with experts and policy planners. I have taken the privilege to render my per-sonal reflections based on my experiences of previous World Congresses.
Findings: Attending the WAS Congress had helped enrich my knowledge and perspectives of sexual health and rights, and encouragements to continue my work over the years. However, when I look into my own country and other countries in the South Asian region, I often hear the “told and untold” pain with diverse complexities, setbacks, and ambiguities relating to sex-ual health and rights. Although there is some docu-mented progress, frustrations exist due to unfulfilled endeavors.
Using Bangladesh as an example, I tend to depict how we are reverting to the “pavilion of moral and political safety” by challenging and disregarding the
activists’ “voices for change”. Throughout the last sev-eral years, despite the emergence and discussion of the notion of sexual health and rights in scientific forums, these phenomena have become politicalized under the framework of emerging and reemerging fundamentalism, terrorism, and power-dynamics, in equal heights. Political leaders and health professionals are even more sensitive and antagonistic to the use and acceptance of these terms. They diplomatically prevent sexuality education and promotion of sexual health and rights by wearing a “progressive secu-lar mask.”
Indigenous Concepts of Sex and Sexuality: Lessons Learned about
Contraception, Sexual Pleasure, and Sexual Identity, from the Bedouins,
Incans, and North American First Nations
James Pfaus
Universidad Veracruzana, Mexico
Introduction & Objectives: Pavlov wrote “If you want new ideas, you should read old books”. Indigenous peoples had concepts of sex and sexuality that continue to have profound implications for what we assume to be our “advanced” understanding of sexual physiology, reproductive technology, and cultural attitudes toward sex and gender.
Approach: Showcased here are three“lessons” about sex and sexuality from ancient and present-day indi-genous cultures that challenge our assumed superiority about sexual knowledge and technology.
Sources: Analysis of ancient texts (e.g., Laoun Papyrus from Egypt), artifacts (the “Little Man” form Peru), and present day concepts (“Two Spirited” con-cept of gender).
Findings and Discussion: The first lesson comes from the ancient Bedouins of the Middle East who invented the first intrauterine devices (IUDs) thousands of years before modern IUDs and steroid contraceptives liberated women’s sexuality and sexual behavior from the cyclic tyranny of their hormones and eggs. The
second comes from the Incans of Peru who invented an ingenious dildo that far surpasses the capabilities of most of our modern versions in terms of ease of control and full clitoral stimulation, factors that are important for sexual pleasure. The final example comes from the First Nations of North America (from the Algonquins to Aztecas) who posited a “two-spirited” (third) gender that is not bisexual on the Kinsey Scale and is different from the postmodern concept of non-binary and gen-derqueer. These historical advances give us provocative glimpses into the sophisticated way that indigenous cul-tures understood sexual and reproductive physiology and tell us much about what they knew and accepted as “normative” in terms of sexual health, sexual pleasure, and sexual identity.
Keywords: Endocrinology, Physiology, Culture
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement:Scientific Advisory Boards: AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Emotional Brain LLB, Ivix Ltd., Palatin Technologies, Viscuris
Buiding Community Support and Dealing with Resistance to Sexuality
Education
Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli
World Health Organisation, WHO, Geneve, Switzerland
Background: Despite recognition of the need for Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) and growing acceptance that CSE is a right; availability of evidence of effectiveness and cost effectiveness; availability of tools to advocate, plan, monitor, and evaluate pro-grams; and inclusion of CSE in international declara-tions and regional/national plans of action, progress at implementation of CSE in many countries has been slow.
Across settings, a common challenge is moving from small-scale projects or weakly designed and executed programmes with poor quality and limited coverage to
large-scale, well-designed and well-conducted pro-grammes coordinated by Ministries of Education and included in national school education policies and programmes.
implementation and reviving progress if they become stalled by resistance.
Objectives:In my presentation I will set out the fac-tors that have enabled some low and middle income countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America to scale up and sustain comprehensive sexuality education, when so many other countries have been able to do so.
Keywords:Support, Opposition, Sexuality education Source of Funding:World Health Organization Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: I am an employee of the WHO. I do not receive any pay-ment in cash or in kind from any sources, apart from WHO
Gender Dysphoria in Children and Adolescents: Contemporary Clinical Issues
Kenneth Zucker
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
This talk will consider several contemporary clinical issues pertaining to children and adolescents diagnosed with gender dysphoria (DSM-5). With regard to chil-dren, I will review what we know about long-term psy-chosexual trajectories with regard to both gender identity and sexual orientation. In this context, I will discuss the various therapeutic approaches designed to reduce gender dysphoria in children (developmentally-informed psychotherapy, watchful waiting, and gender social transition). With regard to adolescents, I will review three new developments: an altered sex ratio of
referred patients, from one favoring birth-assigned males to one favoring birth-assigned females; discourse on suicidality; and “rapid-onset” gender dysphoria (ROGD)as a new developmental pathway. Regarding the last development, I will discuss the contemporary debate as to best-practice issues for the treatment of ROGD.
Keywords: gender identity, gender dysphoria, developmental
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
Conducta Sexual Compulsiva: Nuevos Avances Desde La Perspectiva de la
CID-11 OMS
Ruben Hernandez-Serranoa, Felipe Navarro-Cremadesband Aminta Parra-Colmenarezb
a
UTES, UCV, WAS, FLASSES, Venezuela;bUniversidad Central de Venezuela, Catedra Medicina Legal, Depto Psiquiatria Forense, Caracas, Venezuela & Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Depto Medicina Clinica, Alicante, España
El Tema de la Hipersexualidad y Conducta Sexual Compulsiva ha cautivado la literatura medica cientifica desde Kraft-Ebing. (1886) y Freud (1896) Numerosas categorías diagnósticas han sido presentadas sin llegar a una definición conceptual que permita su adecuada Clasificación y Abordaje Diagnostico y Terapeutico.
Hipersexualidad (Money 1981), Parafilias (DSM-V APA 685-705, 2013) Adicción Sexual (Carnes 1991), ASI Finkelhor (1990), CSB (Coleman 1992), Goodman (1997). Kafka (1994), Mezzich y Hernandez (WPA, SHEP, 2006) Simonelii et al (2008) entre muchos autores han trabajado y publicado sobre el Tema, par-ticularmente controversial.
La nueva CIE 11 concluye en que debemos sistema-tizar el area en estudio bajo el término de CSB, lo cual pretende llegar a un consenso.
El problema se agrava cuando numerosas figuras del espectáculo y sacerdotes de la Iglesia Católica aparecen profusamente en los Medios de Comunicación Social generando una avalancha de denuncias, la mayoría de ellas destruyendo carreras exitosas, partiendo de una denuncia que muchas veces no ha sido investigada de manera exhaustiva y cientifica. Si a ello unimos el Movimiento “Me Too”, de importancia mundial tene-mos un agravamientos del problema.
Tratamiento son básicos para establecer una posición científicamente valida y consensual.
Presentamos esquemáticamente 4 casos clínicos (vignettes) que ilustran lo complejo y variedad del campo, lo cual tiene mucha importancia en el campo de la Psiquiatría Forense y Sexologia Medico-Legal.
Palabras clave: Parafilias, Sexologia Medic-Legal, Adicciones Sexuales
Conflicto de interés y declaración de divulgación: Ninguno
Turning Love on its Head, an Antidote to Love Confusion!
Sara Nasserzadeh
Consultant, Private Practice, USA
In today’s society, love is seen as the prize, the catalyst, the glue, the fire and the force that can conquer all. Love is viewed as something that happens to us and it is followed by an everlasting romantic relationship. This talk involves the account of 312 couples that sought relationship and psychosexual counseling from Dr. Sara Nasserzadeh’s at her offices in London, New York City and Palo Alto/San Francisco. It will also look at the detailed account of context analysis for 103 cases amongst the overall couples that were studied. The presentation will start with a group-involved exer-cise followed by the provision of sociocultural context of the most common issues presented by couples. It then moves on to introducing the themes that emerged from the context analysis of the cases to offer a creative
paradigm and a practical model for clinical work with individuals and couples. Besides the empirical data that was utilized to shape this model, principles of systems thinking and a decade of working with couples across 37 countries are summarized in the examples that will be used to elaborate on the model. This walk through the Emergent Relationship Model will be a thought pro-voking exploration of love, marriage, intimacy and cul-tural expectations. To learn more about Dr. Sara Nasserzadeh and her work please visit her website: http://www.sara-nasserzadeh.com/
Keywords: love, relationships, couples
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
A New Approach to Sensitive, Private Sexual Data Collection Engaging
Citizen Scientists: The Kinsey Reporter APP
Julia R. Heimana, Clayton A. Davisband Filippo Menczerb
a
Psychological and Brain Sciences & Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA;bSchool of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering; Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
Introduction & Objectives: Traditional measures of sexual behaviors rely on surveys with various efforts at probability sampling and diversity inclusion. There remains a value for new tools to document the range of sensitive, risky, and/or possibly stigmatizing behav-iors that are under-reported or under queried. Our objective was to build a global mobile survey platform to share, explore, and visualize anonymous data about sex. Anonymity would be prioritized.
Methods & Sample: The Kinsey Reporter app (kin-seyreporter.org) was built (released in 2012, re-released
in 2019) by the technical Informatics team with survey contents provided by Kinsey Institute faculty.
Results: To date over 14,000 reports have been sub-mitted on various topics, including Sexual Behavior, Pornography, Flirting and Unwanted Sex. In 2019 the Unwanted Sex survey was replaced by a survey on Sexual Aggression.
downloaded for offline analysis. “Citizen sex scientists” submit reports, each consisting of one or more surveys, after participating in or observing sexual activity. Surveys thus far cover topics such as flirting, sexual activity, consumption of pornography, and hormonal birth control side effects, and sexual aggression. Norms and behaviors surrounding these topics vary depending on geography, so location data is crucial. However, the sensitive nature of these topics necessitates that reports be kept anonymous to protect both the participants and the researchers. The current implementation of Kinsey Reporter balances both of these demands by
collecting no personally-identifying details and by ano-nymizing submission time and location with user-selectable resolution: city, province, or country. Opportunities exist to develop other surveys and trans-late to non-English languages.
Keywords: global mobile survey, data anonymity, sensitive sexual topics
Source of Funding: None. Significant support from key departments at Indiana University.
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
Why Women Have Difficulties to Have Orgasms: A Large Scale Qualitative
Study
Osmo Kontula
Population Research Institute, Finland
Introduction: Previous empirical findings of national sex surveys indicate that women differ greatly from one another in terms of their tendency and capacity to experience orgasms. Some associations between orgas-mic capacity and situational, mental and relationship issues have been found. However, much has been left to study with the help of qualitative data that could enable to explain why orgasms are so difficult or so easy to different women.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in Finland in 2018 via online survey. Respondents were the readers of the leading Finnish newspaper Helsingin Sanomat. They could respond to open ended questions that were based the key results of previous studies. These questions (altogether 14) included for example: What prevent you the most to have orgasm in love making? How do you suppose that having orgasms is either difficult or easy to you? This qualitative survey received responses from 7000 women and 1000 men.
Results:There is an evidence that one key issue why so many women have difficulties to have orgasms is
based on their limited ability to concentrate in love making. Their mind can be full of disturbing thoughts and worries. They can’t relax enough to experience sexual pleasure. Other reasons for difficulties to have orgasms are, for example, fatigue, low sexual self-esteem, limited stimulation to clitoris and the use of medicaments. Many women had also limited physical sense of touch and stimulation. Some considered sexual incompatibility with their partner.
Conclusion:There are a number of explanations for individual tendencies in the tendency and motivation to experience orgasms. Many women considered orgasms to be more important to their partners than to themselves. There is a need promote sexual pleasure and orgasms to women who have difficulties to recog-nize and acknowledge that sexual pleasure is their self-evident sexual right.
Orientation Toward Eroticism: A Critically Based Proposition for Sex
Therapists
Denise Medico
Department of Sexology, University of Quebec in Montreal (UQÀM), Montreal, Canada
Introduction and objectives: In recent years main-stream clinical sexology has been challenged by polit-ical enquiries and epistemologpolit-ical critics. In this presentation, we propose a way to actively and posi-tively integrate these political questions into clinical practice by reconsidering the experience clients have of their own eroticism.
Methods and sample: Our propositions are based on 20 years of empirical clinical experience and theor-etical exploration. Our purpose is to articulate develop-mental and sexological knowledge with phenomenological and critical theories.
Findings and discussion: We propose to conceptu-alise eroticism as a central part of the agency and as a multidimensional concept articulating at least 4 dimen-sions: emotional needs, identity affirmation, embodi-ment and existential anxieties. As a result of a developmental construction and life experiences, the particular way eroticism is experienced and valued by the person is always situated in the experience of the
person’s agency confronted to the world. We do not think that eroticism is in itself opposed to emotional or romantic or relational needs, we think that it is a par-ticular way of integrating this fundamental part of being human with the others, in an embodied way. Therefore eroticism is an orientation and an embodied experience, whose purpose is to deal with existential anxieties and better construct a positive sense of agency.
Recommendations: Eroticism is proposed to be comparable to a major resilience potential. Orientations toward eroticism seemed to follow some pathways and major themes that are predominant. Clinical examination of eroticism is proposed to be integrated to our work with all clients to favor the psy-chotherapeutical work focused on the development of sexual agency.
Keywords: eroticism, sex therapy, sexual agency Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
How Clitoral Disorders are Researched Historically
Tomoko Saotome
Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, Japan
Introduction:Clitoris is looking tiny, hidden organ in women’s external genitalia. But it is very important for women’s body, sexuality, and also it has important role for sexual play with their partners. Nowadays, anatomical and physiological researches reveal much more about clitoris, but there was still unknown reality.
Objectives:Papers entitled include‘Clitoris’ on data-base PUBMED were total 2236 papers from the first paper in 1801 to 67 papers in 2018. Mostly published year about clitoris was 88 articles in 2008. Contents tendency are different with era.
Methods: We use PUBMED to investigate all of the papers about ‘clitoris’ and searched 14 additional
categories include clitoris. In the all subcategories and main category papers were total 8059. We excluded animal experiment, duplicated counted papers and no relation with clitoris. We collected papers purely related about clitoris and categorized again what issue was mostly handled and how their trend was shifted with era.
1990s. In 1990’s, the progress of instruments such as ultrasound sonography, vaginal plethysmograph, com-puted tomography, magnetic resonance imaging was extremely changed researches and outcomes.
Discussion: This is a basic work that how clitoris was researched. It is possible that we are still over-looked disorders or uncomfortable condition of clitoral health for women.
Conclusion: Clitoral conditions are should be paid more attention by researcher and let ordinary people to care of their clitoris.
Papers:
1. Simmons R. Case of an Extraordinary Enlargement of the Clitoris. Med Phys J. Jan;5(23):1–4
2. Buisson O, Fordes P, Paniel BJ. Sonography of the Clitoris. J Sex Med. 2008 Feb;5(2):413–7
3. Mazloomdoost D, Pauls RN. A Comprehensive review of the clitoris and its role in female sexual function. Sex Med Rev. 2015 Oct;3(4):245–263
Keywords:Clitoris, Orgasm, Clitoral disorders
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement:None
Sexology is a Science
Fernando Bianco
Centro de Investigaciones Psiquiatricas, Psicologicas y Sexologicas de Venezuela, Venezuela
Sexology is a Science, a DISCIPLINE, belongs to the Biological Sciences, a subgroup of the Natural Sciences.
Mainly empirical, its knowledge comes from observ-able phenomena; have two study areas: Sex and Sexual Function.
The study of Expressive Phenotypical Patterns (Gender Diversity or Sex Diversity) and Sexual Function Patterns (Sexual Behavior, Human Sexuality), is share with the Social Sciences which utilized quanti-tative and qualiquanti-tative methodology.
The lack of uniformity related to the definition and concept of Sexology is a Matter to address.
Sexology Define: study of Sex. As an organic body has a function; Operational Definition: study of Sex and its Function. The understanding of Sex and Sexual Function phenomena allow Conceptualized Sexology: study of Sex Development and Sexual Function. Both areas have been approached as a Process, which has phases and factors that determine it. Operational Conceptualization: study of Sex Development Process, its physiology and alterations and the Sexual Function Process, its physiology and alteration.
Sex Development Process: Programming Phase (chromosomes and genetic cascade Factors),
Differential Phase (hormonal and transcript Factors), Expressive Phenotypical Phase (Factor: interrelation human physiology- sociocultural environment).
Sexual Function Process:
Quality: innate condition, allows activating, main-taining, deactivating or inhibiting sexual activities. known as Sexual Desire. External or Internal factors determine it.
Administration, methods and frequency Factors determine Stimulation Phase; Response phase Factors: anatomo – hormone- neuro- vascular- endothelial and functional.
Time of Functioning: interval between Sexual Stimulation onset and the end of Sexual Response, has a direct relation with the ability to control which is the Factor.
Sexology the field, areas:
Sexual Health, Sexual Rights, Clinical Sexology. Sexuality, Sex Education, Sex Counseling, Gender Diversity, Sex Orientation.
Keywords:Sexology, Science, Discipline
Sexting Behaviour in Relationships: Risks, Benefits, Satisfaction and
Cohabitation Status
Terry Humphreysa, Erik Bridleband Tasha Falconerb
a
Trent University, Peterborough, Canada;bTrent University, Peterborough, Canada
Introduction & Objectives: Sexting, the sending of sexually explicit text, picture or video messages, has received both research and media attention in recent years. Most of this attention has focused on adoles-cence and the negative implications or outcomes of sexting; however, little research has explored sexting within young adults as a positive experience. This pres-entation is the culmination of two studies examining potential positive and negative implications of sexting for young adults and adults in relationships (i.e., grati-fication, relationship quality, communication, satisfac-tion, trust, unethical forwarding, infidelity). Cohabitation status was also explored.
Method & Sample: Study 1 consisted of 487 Canadian university students (Mean age =20.9; Range 17-50). Over 90% of the sample were in a committed relationship (M = 27 months).
Study 2 consisted of 340 Canadian university stu-dents and a community sample of 298 individuals from MTurk. The overall sample had a mean age of 28.5 years (range 17-73). Over 85% of the sample were in a committed relationship (M = 5 years).
Both studies utilized online surveys (i.e., Qualtrics) to gather questionnaire date regarding sexting and rela-tionship variables.
Results: Sexual gratification, relationship benefits, and sexual communication are related to sexting. Those who sext frequently engage in more safer sex behaviours than those who sext infrequently. Unethical forwarding happen infrequently in the context of intimate relationships. Lastly, some participants are sexting secondary partners, and many consider this behaviour infidelity. Individuals in long-distance rela-tionships were more likely to report recently sexting and engaging in more frequent sexting than those in cohabitation relationships; however, they did not differ in their levels of sexual satisfaction.
Conclusion & Recommendations: Assessing benefits as well as costs of sexting and understanding the status of the relationship are critical to a better understanding of sexting behaviour in young adults.
Keywords: sexting, young adults, relationship benefits Conflict of Interest and Disclosure Statement: None
Is there Influence of Age, Number of Children in the Sexual Arousal of
Women?
Jaqueline Brendler
FLASSES (Latin American Federation of Societies of Sexology and Sexual Education), Porto Alegre, Brazil & WAS (World Association for Sexual Health), USA
Objectives:Identifying which behaviors can be exciting by age group and by number of children aiming to guide women.
Methods: Questionnaires were answered online for 2668 heterosexual women. Pearson’s chi-square and analysis of adjusted residuals were used. The level of significance was 5% (p < 0.005) and research using SPSS 21.0.
Results: For women up to 20 years were significant: She is subjected, dominated; She receives some kind of
