1 Introductive activity to the video: warm up

1 Introductive activity to the video: warm up

-) the video shows an expedition to the crater of an active volcano YES NO

-) it is very easy to reach the crater and stay there YES NO

-) the man near the crater doesn’t wear any special equipment YES NO

-) the temperature near the lake is very high YES NO

-) the man wears the Fire Brigades equipment YES NO

-) there are 4 people around the lava lake YES NO

-) the man breaths with oxygen tanks YES NO

-) the men of the expedition do not communicate YES NO

-) the comment on the expedition by the man is “there is nothing to describe it” YES NO

-) the expedition is a failure YES NO

2. Fill up the blanks:

-) The volcano _____________ from a crater full of boiling liquid in Vanatua island.

-) The video __________a man who ________________with oxygen tanks -) The red lake ____________lava

-) The temperature near the lava lake ________very high.

-) The man _____________the Fire Brigades equipment

3. Thick the right sentence:

-) no special equipment is required to stay near the lava lake -) the volcano erupts hot lava in a lava lake

-) the temperature near the lava lake is not very high -) the man talks a lot during the expedition

4. HOMEWORK Add the new terms (verbs, adjectives, adverbs, nouns) on your glossary

Task 1

1 DEFINITIONS OF VOLCANO

1 An opening in the surface of the Earth that allows lava, gas, and pyroclastic material to reach the surface.

2 The mountain built by repeated eruptions of a volcano.

-) Fill up the blanks with the terms given: lava, pyroclastic material, rock, opening, eruptions.

What is a volcano? A volcano is an……….in the surface of the Earth.

Lava, gas, and ………..erupt from the crater. The repeated ……….build the cone.

What is lava? Lava is molten ………on the ………..of the Earth.

What is an eruption? When magma reaches the surface, it is called ………and it makes an eruption.

-) Work in pairs: ask the questions and give the answer

2 VOLCANIC SPECIFIC TERMS

Task 2

HOMEWORK: cross-words on volcanoes

Across

1. molten rock that has reached the surface of the Earth.

3. eruption where escaping gases break magma into fragments

5. an opening formed by repeated eruptions of ash and lava, it surrounds the main vent.

Down

2. - A cone which is formed around a vent by accumulations of erupted volcanic materials like ash, pumice,lava flows and other volcanic rocks.

3. eruption where liquid magma emerges quietly to the Earth’s surface 4. ______ash, fragments of volcanic rock less than 2mm in size.

Task 2

1) Add the missing terms:

2) Match numbers and definitions:

The main passage for magma

A cone formed by accumulation of erupted material Mass of magma under the surface of the Earth.

Molten rock under the surface of the Earth Fragments of rock smaller than 2 millimeters Molten rock that has reached the surface

1 Magma

2 Magma chamber

3 Ash 4 Crater 5 Lava

6 Conduit – main vent 3) Work in pairs : ask and answer, write the text.

E.g. - What is the passage for magma called? It is called / named conduit.

- What are fragments….called? they are called / named……….

4) Match definitions and letters :

……. formed by repeated eruptions of lava, lava layers

……. a secondary opening located on the flank of the cone.

……. large mass of magma under the surface, magma chamber

……. mass of fluid lava flowing along the flank

……. the main passage for magma, conduit

…... main opening at the top of the conduit, main vent

5) Work in pairs: ask for the definition of each term, listen to the answer

Task 3

4) Match the definitions, then ask for the definition to your partner and get the answer:

5) Complete the sentences and use the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Compare your work with a friend.

a) The flank of a volcano – ( to be ) – the side of the mountain.

b) Ash cloud – (to consist of ) - volcanic rock smaller than 2 millimeters exploded from a vent.

c) Layers of lava – (to be made of ) - are lava accumulated over time on the flanks of the volcano.

6) Use the words to make questions. Ask your partner to give short answers.

Example: lava / ever / a dormant volcano / erupt? Has a dormant volcano ever erupted lava?

a) a volcano / ever / you / climb ? b) an eruption / ever / you / see? c) Catania / ever / Etna / destroy?

7) Add one out and justify. Compare your answer with your partner. Ex: (I add ……out because it is…. ) a) to erupt b) to blast c) to melt d) to rise e) magma _______________________________

a) dormant b) circular c) main d) crater e) secondary _______________________________

a) vent b) large c) flank d) ash cloud e) conduit _______________________________

8) Ask your partner and reply with a short answer (yes, it is – no, it isn’t, yes it does_ no, it doesn’t)

acid magma basic magma

Is it silica rich?____________ Is it thicker than acid magma?___________

Is its temperature high?___ Is its temperature high?________________

Does it form strato volcanoes?______ Does it form shield volcanoes?__________

Does it give effusive eruptions?_____ Does it give effusive eruptions?_________

Task 3 extinct volcan o

crater

volcan o

lava

dormant volcano magma conduit

An opening in the surface of earth in which lava and gas can escape

Circular depression located at the top of the main vent in a volcano

A volcano that has not erupted for a long time A volcano that is resting

The main passageway for magma in a volcano Molten rock found on the surface of the Earth

Molten rock found under the surface of the Earth

1 ) Classify the following volcanoes as shield or composite (strato volcanoes)

Etna

Shield Composite

Mt. Taranaki, NZ Shield

Composite

Mt. Fuji Shield

Composite

Mauna Loa Shield

Composite

2) Task 4 a:

translate the text in Italian

and define effusive and explosive eruptions

Task 4

1) Choose the right sentence:

1. Volcanoes occur mostly: 2. Volcanoes are found:

A – in the sea A – at hot spots

B – on plate boundaries B – along diverging and converging boundaries C – at conservative fault lines C – along conservative boundaries

D – in the middle of the plates

2) Fill in the blank: Lower, magma, slower, volcano, Ring of Fire, lava, explosive.

1. A____________________is a weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface.

2. The greater the viscosity the________it flows.

3. A composite volcano (strato-volcano) can have ___________________eruptions.

4. The_________viscosity the more easily a liquid will flow.

5. A molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases and water from the mantle is called_______________.

6. When magma reaches the surface it is called_________________

7. The _________________is a volcanic belt formed by many volcanos that surround the Pacific ocean.

3) Match the question with the given answer. Ask a partner the correct question and give the answer.

1. Shield volcano and composite volcano (strato-volcano).

1. What is the ring of fire?

2. What is a high area formed from repeated lava flow?

3. When lava is rich in silica, which landform does it create?

4. List two landforms created from lava and ash.

2. a geyser

1. What is a mass of rock that forms when magma cools inside the Earth's crust?

2. What is a fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground?

3. What is a weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface?

4. What is a high area formed from repeated lava flow?

4) True/False Questions

1. what is magma? → A major volcanic belt formed by many volcanos that surround the Pacific ocean.

True False

2. when magma reaches the surface what is it called? → A volcanic belt formed by many volcanoes.

True False

3. What is a weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface? → volcano True False

Task 5

1) Choose a heading for the map above.

2) Highlight the Ring of Fire on the map.

3) Which type of margins are there in thae Ring of Fire? In what do they differ from the margins in Iceland?

4) Match the sentences (number with letter)

a) The Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Iceland are examples of this phenomenon.

b) This movement is called convection.

c) An example is given by The Ring of Fire which surrounds the Pacific Ocean.

1. A constructive boundary is a margin where new crust is created.

2. Two plates collide, one is heavier and it sinks under the other one.

3. In the mantle, hot material rises to the surface and cooler material sinks.

Task 5b

1) Read text n. 1, choose a heading for account n. 1. read again and write what the text is about.

Task 5 a

1) Matching Questions: Hawaiian Islands, a passageway for magma to reach the surface, Potassium and Sodium, crater, a volcanic belt formed by many volcanoes that surround the Pacific ocean.

1. what is a bowl shaped area that forms around a volcano's central vent?

2. which famous islands were formed in the Pacific ocean on a hotspot?

3. what is the Ring of Fire?

4. what is a conduit?

5. when volcano ash breaks down it releases what two substances that plants need?

2) Fill in the blank:

Lower, magma, slower, volcano, Ring of Fire, lava, explosive.

1. A____________________is a weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface.

2. The greater the viscosity the________it flows.

3. A composite volcano (strato-volcano) can have ___________________eruptions.

4. The_________viscosity the more easily a liquid will flow.

5. A molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases and water from the mantle is called_______________.

6. When magma reaches the surface it is called_________________

7. The _________________is a volcanic belt formed by many volcanos that surround the Pacific ocean.

3) Match the answer with the question 1. dormant volcano

1. The ring of fire.

2. A high area formed from repeated lava flow.

3. Volcanoes that have not erupted for hundreds of years.

4. List two landforms created from lava and ash.

2. pomice and ash

1. A mass of rock that forms when magma cools inside the Earth's crust.

2. A fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground.

3. Pyroclastic material erupted from a crater 4. An area formed from repeated lava flow.

Task 6

1) Mount St. Helens (USA) eruption of 1980

Put the pictures in ordered sequence: ____, ____, ____, ____, ____,

A

B

C

D

E

Based on the diagram below, put the sequence of vegetation in the right chronological succession. Underline the adverbs.

1:__

2:__

3:__

4:__

Task 7

1) Write out the passage. Think of words that make sense to go in each of the blank ___ spaces.

Compare your version with others.

The greatest volcanic eruption in recent ___

was at Krakatoa in 1883, where ______ entire island blew

itself up. The ____ of the explosion was heard

four ____ later, 4,775 kilometres away.

Rock was ____ 50 kilometres in the air, and

_____ great cloud of dust circled the _____ for

three years

Task 8

1) Location of some volcanoes and history

Remember:

Latitude refers to North or South of the Equator, while Longitude refers to East or West of Greenwich.

-) Check the website:

http://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Home.html and Fill up the blanks:

Name

Latitude Longitude Type of volcano Continent: Year of last eruption:

1) Pelee 14.82 N 61.17 W Stratovolcano 2) Santorini 36.40 N 25.40 E Shield 3) Krakatau 6.10 S 105.42 E

4) Pinatubo 15.13 N 120.35 E

2) Mark on the map the location of the volcano

Task 9

1) Map of risk around the Vesuvius area

-) Work in small groups: Create a

questionnaire on volcanoes (10 questions) with the help of the table on VEI and the map of Vesuvius. Submit the

questionnaire to the other groups

Table 2: Size of the eruption (Volcanic Explosivity Index) (from the US Geological Survey)

Eruption Size DESCRIPTION VOLUME OF EJECTED

MATERIAL (m³)

HEIGHT OF THE PLUME (km)

0 Effusive Less than 10,000 m³ Less than 0.1 km

1 Gentle explosion More than 10,000 m³ 0.1-1 km

2 Explosive More than 1,000,000 m³ 1-5 km

3 Severe explosion More than 10,000,000 m³ 3-15 km

4 Very severe explosion More than 100,000,000 m³ 10-25 km 5 Violent explosion More than 1,000,000,000 m³ More than 25 km 6 Terrific explosion More than 10,000,000,000 m³ More than 30 km 7 Super-terrific explosion More than 100,000,000,000 m³ More than 40 km 8 Mega-terrific explosion More than 1,000,000,000,000 m³ More than 50 km

Task 10