!
" ## $ %
# " "
& ' ( $&
# " ) # *
# # #" " +
% % $ "
" # # " ,
% " % -
,% % & # "
# # " # &
% #
% Æ# # .
## / $
0# ' 1*&
2 & 0# " (
Æ' "
#( 3%% # %&
# # % " %
Æ "
!"
# $ !
% !
! %
&'()* +
(* , + &
!# , -./ / !!
% 0)12)
Æ!
/ -./
% 3 % ' ()* !
( , ! * (*
( , ! * 4 !
5 # &% , !
!
"
, ! ! 6
)
( 6*
7 )0
+
6 / ! "
% % , ! 8& 9
): !
8 , ! +
! ! + 4!
! , ! ! 8
%
- !
!
- !
+ % 8 !
+ 5 &
3 + !
8
%% ! (5 )* 4!
! 5# %
,% #
; ! !
! !
Æ! - 5 ) ! ,
Level 1 Level 2 Level k
Frequent itemset border Chi-square border Lattice boundary
IV II
III I
4 ) ###
" 5 + +6 # ## ++ 6 # ##
+++ 6 ###+7 6 ###
<%
# ,
!
- ! + !
% 5# +
= % >
! + ! % !
4 1 1" +
! , 8 +! !
%
% !
1)2 %
% !
!% % &
% (5 ) <% %
% 1)2! !
% %& !41
%'
) ? !
!
? %
#
! 8 +! % #
! -- 5 )
0 ? % % &
@ ? %%
- % !
%
6 % -%
, %
? #
A#
- 8 0 % & %
+ -- 5 ) 5!
% ! 6 8@
- % %
- %%
% +
+
# !
!
!
% 3 !
% !
, !
/ % !
, 6 6
7 !
6 ! %
) A
, !( * B%
% ! 5#
;
C
6
D + ! 5
"
! % #
! E
'
;
(
(
**
(
*
()*
% ! #
, ! (
*;
·
·
4F!
6 % ,
#
, (
* !
% 3 !
5 ! % )
+
%# '
; (
*
C
(
*
C
(
*
C (
*
;
(
*
(*
8 !
# ( *
% 1)2 !+
! ! %
%
! #
<% ! % %'
) 1
%
- % ! %
&
% !
! - !
% 3 &%
/
" !
(% ) ! * +
5# 3 ! 9 9@ +
G0 ? "
# ! !
+ &
<% , +
& H
) 5 6 % ,
D + ! %
5& %
?% !
EÆD &EÆ !
!
- ! % #
!
)9999 ! A 0 (
*
% '
)
½½
)
½¼
)
¼½
)
C
C
%
?
%
Æ $Æ
! % ! +
%% ! '
;
$ (*
(*
% $ (*;(*(*(*
%)
C) - %
;9 <%
! -
;9 %
% (* (*6 !
; 9 ! 5 ! ! -
(* (* 6 (* (* 6
5 !
; () *% (*;
Æ % %
;
))
½½
½·
·½
½·
)
½·
·½
)
·½
;
(
*
(
*
;
(0*
, + %'
;
(
C
*(
C
*
;
;
(
*
;
(@*
<, 0
;
(:*
, !
, 5 +
Æ% + '
; I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
(1*
%
I
E ,
! % Æ , : ? %
Æ Æ !
898
89 : ;
8 9 :
9
0#$
Æ (G*
@@1;)
)
Æ!
> , 1
% , % %
;
Æ
? % Æ
!D & #
% ' % !
%
% &% #
! + '
;
(
* (
*
(
*
(G*
%
%9 ) - %&
I
!
I
;(#
(
** (
*;) ( I
*;
)#
(
*
% % ;
? #
#6 !
I
;
(#
(
** % (
* ;
)#
(
*
! '
(
*; (
* (
*CC (
* (
*
;()#
(
** (
*CC()#
(
** (
*
;
(
*
#
(
* (
*
;)
#
(
* (2*
%
(
*;) (
* (
*; (
*
A, G% %'
;
#
(
*#
(
*
)#
(
*
;
#
#
#
()9*
, ; 5
%! ! Æ'
;
#
C
#
#
#
#
#
())*
5 #
;(0CC0C@1*(9
@1*;)G
% % 5
% !
(%* 5 , %
! 9=09= ,
9 )=9 @= @=( !
* %
# % Æ % %
5 " %
8
%!
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Lambda Coefficient
Correlation
All Pairs
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Lambda Coefficient
Correlation
0.001<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Lambda Coefficient
Correlation
0.01<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Lambda Coefficient
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Lambda Coefficient
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.5
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Lambda Coefficient
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.8
Æ 1#
! >! ( !* ! (* ;
(
* (
* -
? !
! % B ? #
5# 3 ! %%
+ (*;
(
* (
*%
! (*; (* (* /%! !
(*; (* (*
; (*C (* (*
;
(
*
(
*
(
* (
*
()*
H + !
% &% !%
%
# # '
(*;
(*C (* (*
(* (*
()*
% Æ % 5
& %
! 6 #% -
% %
% !
% %
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Uncertainty
Correlation
All Pairs
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Uncertainty
Correlation
0.001<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Uncertainty
Correlation
0.01<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Uncertainty
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Uncertainty
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.5
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Uncertainty
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.8
Æ
- ! , #
J
3 % , !
H
! ( , * -
%% %
? !
! 3
/ 3
)G
! !! 3 ! '
) ! ; 9 ! B % (* ;
(* (*
! !% (*%
! ! % (* ( (** %
!
+ ! 6
+(% +
# (**
% ,
+ , ( (* (**
+
% %
H! # +
5# )@ ! !
! % (*% (* (* (*
) + % %!
# %
3 Æ! ! +
! " 3
- % ! !
5# +
+% /
%! ! , ! ,
% !! !
¼
!
+ . % &# # # &
" "=
+ =
- ! ";
;
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1
0 200 400 600 800 1000
All Pairs
Correlation
Count
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Support<0 or Support>0.9
Correlation
Count
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Support<0 or Support>0.7
Correlation
Count
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Support<0 or Support>0.5
Correlation
Count
# " #
A% !
+ 8
% %
! - % !
! ! 5 0 @
% " ! !
+ Æ
! !
D %
%
5 0 % % %
D ! #
% !
! ,
- % +
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1 0
200 400 600 800 1000
All Pairs
Correlation
Count
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Support<0.01 or Support>1
Correlation
Count
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Support<0.03 or Support>1
Correlation
Count
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Support<0.05 or Support>1
Correlation
Count
# " % #
% %
! %
!
$+ %!
1 % + ! !
% % % ##
9 :
< 9 ;
= 9
" $
$ % - 6 %
!% A
, !
? % 7 # ! 5
! % )9
7 # ! ? % %
+ % @= @9= !
<% !
? %G9= /%&%
7 # ! % !? %
1@= - % #$%&;'$()"*
& % !+ !
%# + %
+ : <% +
! # +
'
&+($ ;#(
* ()0*
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Max(Confidence)
Correlation
All Pairs
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Max(Confidence)
Correlation
0.001<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Max(Confidence)
Correlation
0.01<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Max(Confidence)
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Max(Confidence)
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.5
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Max(Confidence)
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.8
Æ $ 0#
/ + &
5# ))
;
( *C)
(*C
()@*
# ! + -
(* 4 +
& 1)2:)9 +
% 3 ! % % #
(*;
(*
(* (*
():*
! B % )
+ 3
- ! Æ 5!
(*;
()1*
- %, 0% % %
Æ'
;
;
½½
½·
·½
)
;
()*
()G*
5 %
½·
)
·½
) -
¼·
·¼
)
H ! ) ? #
, )G '
;
;
;
()2*
% '
;
(9*
3 5 % ,
- % &
8 ,
+
;
+($(;*+($(;*
% %
; (*
(* (*
5 1 G % % %
Æ ! ! #
! %
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Interest
Correlation
All Pairs
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Interest
Correlation
0.001<Support<0.3
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Interest
Correlation
0.01<Support<0.3
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Interest
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.3
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Interest
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.5
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Interest
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.8
Æ +
? # % +
K %%
GG:
99@
)00: @G@:@
% Æ %
5 2
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
IS
Correlation
All Pairs
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
IS
Correlation
0.001<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
IS
Correlation
0.01<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
IS
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.3
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
IS
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.5
0 0.5 1
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
IS
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.8
Æ
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
−0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
IS
Correlation coefficient
Reuters−21578 Finance (Support > 0.01)
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
IS
Correlation coefficient
Retail Data (Support > 0.001)
Æ @ &9;='3(#
#(
? %
! ! D #@&!8 E
)G G
D # ; !
,$; (*( (*
C (*
**C (*( (*
C (*
**
(*
(*
()*
! 9(% ! *9 @
( * 5 )9 % % D #
! !
D # !
%! <% !
% % %
0 0.2 0.4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Gini Index
Correlation
All Pairs
0 0.2 0.4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Gini Index
Correlation
0.001<Support<0.3
0 0.2 0.4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Gini Index
Correlation
0.01<Support<0.3
0 0.2 0.4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Gini Index
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.3
0 0.2 0.4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Gini Index
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.5
0 0.2 0.4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Gini Index
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.8
Æ A#$
% )G
+ 3
+
- ; (* (* (* (*
%9 @ 9 @ 8
- ;9 %
−0.2 0 0.2
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
RI
Correlation
All Pairs
−0.2 0 0.2
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
RI
Correlation
0.001<Support<0.3
−0.2 0 0.2
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
RI
Correlation
0.01<Support<0.3
−0.2 0 0.2
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
RI
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.3
−0.2 0 0.2
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
RI
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.5
−0.2 0 0.2
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
RI
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.8
Æ 1*2
$ % G !
'
;
(* (*
(*
(*
%%! ;
!, (* , (*!%!
%
% (*
(* (* ! #
(*
$ " + "
>&
% C + ) ( %
(** 5 ) % %#
Æ
- % % % % !
&
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Conviction
Correlation
All Pairs
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Conviction
Correlation
0.001<Support<0.3
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Conviction
Correlation
0.01<Support<0.3
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Conviction
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.3
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Conviction
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.5
0 2 4
−1
−0.5 0 0.5 1
Conviction
Correlation
0.05<Support<0.8
& Æ
- & ! % &
! -- 5 ) 5! %
# ,
0 J K 1 %
, #
%%
! - ! ! %
!&
<% !
+ 3 !
¼
- !
3 !
! !
¼
%
?% % # &
$ &
%!
&
%'
(
*;
(
*
(
* (
* (
*
(0*
8 %%
? % ,
B# % #
(
*;
(
* (
*
(
* (
* (
*
;
(
*
(
* (
* (
*
(
*
(
* (
* (
*
; (
*
(
*
(
* (
* (
* (
*
(
*
(
*
; (
*(
*
(
*
(
* (
*
(@*
, % +
'
$
(
*;
(
*
(
* (
*
;
(
*
(
*(
*
(:*
+ %
! 5 !
#6 "
%(
* (
*(
*
+ +
/%! !
% Æ 0
!
K-%& !%!
<% % %
Æ /
%& ! %
!% ( 9 * /
Æ D # ! % % %
!
6( * <%
!!% &
" #$
C9D ;; ;E=9 ;= 99 ;= & ;& < E=99& <
9D ; ;E;E ;=< 9 ;=<9 9:< E=9 99
C99D ;9: ;E; ;= < 9 ;= :: 9 E=9= :==
C9D ;:E: ;E9 ;<E : ;<E 99 ;; E= <:
C;D ;E: =<; ==< ;; == 999 EE99 99
C9;D ;:E9 =< ==;E ;< ==;= ;:= 9:; EE9 ; <
C;D ;; =;< =EE ;< =E= < :<< EE9 =
CD ;:9 E:9= EE= =: EE< = ;9 E= ;
C9D ; :: E: E:9: = E:99 9 =:9 E;E= E
CD ;=: E E: = E: E <E; ;<9 E;;; <E9
C:D ;; E=< E:9; :9EE E:99 =< E: E E = <
C9:D ;= E= E: :9E: E::< =<E< E99 E <E = =
C:D ;; E=;9 E;: :;< E;9 E9 ; E E:9< ==E;
%#!" # & Æ
" ) Æ # "#
" #
% 8 % ! +
8 "
% !
!
%
% Æ %
<% ,
!
% H! ( -8 # + K-*
! % (% ! !
*
% !
& -- 5 )
! % &
5!%
&
5 %& % 8 %
! H
3
?
& -%
9 @ "% ""% # 7 7 7 1# .
" " 6
' # 1 &
(
@ "%) +*# % "5 &
5E9 FE9EE:
: @ "% ) +*# % " %
"# + !" #$ !!
";F9<, " 9EE:
@ "%#@ * 3" " + !
%&'( )" =;F EE " 9EE
4 GH 3#@ / # * +
IB%J *9E=
< ) G. A %K 7 #A, L "
# # 5 # + ,," F<
" " 9EEE
; G @ % # G # * *5 AM"
+ !"#$ !!
9EE;
= G @ % H # ) " #
* *# + ! -,,. "/#$ !
! "F< #H 9EE;
E "G@. %H! # ) &
"# * *# + !-,,."/
#$ !! "F< #
H 9EE;
9 @ ) 5" #0 $
+ 0
12 9EEE
99 1 * #@ G % @ # % 5 &
+ 34 ( 3(/,-
"99F9<:1 1 "9EE9
9 K #@ " " "
+ ,5"<:F<<1 #/" 9EE<
9: G , 4#" 2 IB # 9EE=
9 G 4 , B #J 1 "# M" # #
+ ! *" # 12
"9F9: " 9EEE
9 H . #H " " " # # &
# + """ 34 12
":F:99EE:
9< @ " 4 4* H B# 1" $ "# "
M # + ! -,,6 "/#$
!! "9:F , H 9EE=
9; H 1* #1 J ! & #" "
#$ + '(59;F9=<9EE
9= A" 1*& # "
+A" 1*& #,3%# 12
## 12
'9(5:EF<= 9EE=
@ * # @ 7 N # "% " % &
+ ! 7 12
"<;F;:% G " 9EE;
9 B) K1 @ *K B #B 1 "
# " "# # + (/,8 34 9
( 12 " ;FB*
A 9EE
