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Effects of the heatwave 2015 on permafrost in the Cervinia basin (Matterhorn, Italy)

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on permafrost in the Cervinia basin (Matterhorn, Italy)

U. Morra di Cella 1 , P. Pogliotti 1

1

ARPA Valle d’Aosta, Italy

”Workshop Permafrost Valais”

10 Mars 2016

Sion (CH)

(2)

Outline for section 1

1 Meteorological Conditions Air Temperature Precipitation

2 Permafrost response Slope - Cime Bianche Rock Walls - Matterhorn Rock Glacier - Gran Sometta

3 Conclusions

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(3)

Winter and Spring: warm, most values above the mean Summer: extremely hot from the end of June to mid August Autumn: extremely hot from November to mid December

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(4)

Outline for section 1

1 Meteorological Conditions Air Temperature Precipitation

2 Permafrost response Slope - Cime Bianche Rock Walls - Matterhorn Rock Glacier - Gran Sometta

3 Conclusions

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(5)

Winter and Spring: on average until end March, dry during April and May

Summer: extremely dry from mid June to begin of August August 2015 the second wettest since the late nineteenth century!

Autumn: extremely dry during November and December

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(6)

The amount of incoming radiation reveals that

dry periods have been characterized by persistent clear-sky conditions.

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Outline for section 2

1 Meteorological Conditions Air Temperature Precipitation

2 Permafrost response Slope - Cime Bianche Rock Walls - Matterhorn Rock Glacier - Gran Sometta

3 Conclusions

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(8)

Cime Bianche monitoring site (3100 m)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Cime Bianche monitoring site (3100 m)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(10)

Borehole SH (from 0 to 6 meters)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Borehole SH (from 0 to 6 meters)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Borehole DP (from 6 to 40 meters)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Borehole DP (from 6 to 40 meters)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(14)

Outline for section 2

1 Meteorological Conditions Air Temperature Precipitation

2 Permafrost response Slope - Cime Bianche Rock Walls - Matterhorn Rock Glacier - Gran Sometta

3 Conclusions

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(15)

Capanna Carrel monitoring site (3800 m)

Boreholes GST

Aggiornare se possibile

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Matterhorn Summit monitoring site (4450 m)

Aggiornare se possibile

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(17)

Ground Surface Temperatures

Aggiungere elevation, aspect con inkscape

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(18)

Deep Boreholes (10m) and ALT

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(19)

Deep Boreholes (10m) and ALT

2012,2.5m 2013,2.0m 2014,1.0m 2015,2.4m

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(20)

Effect of thin and persistent snow cover

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(21)

Outline for section 2

1 Meteorological Conditions Air Temperature Precipitation

2 Permafrost response Slope - Cime Bianche Rock Walls - Matterhorn Rock Glacier - Gran Sometta

3 Conclusions

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(22)

Gran Sometta monitoring site (2700 m)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Gran Sometta monitoring site (2700 m)

GNSS – 2012 Drone – 2012 Boreholes – 2014 Geophysics – 2014 GNSS_fix – 2015

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Geophysics (by Uni.Fribourg)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Geophysics - Black Lobe (by Uni.Fribourg)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Geophysics - White Lobe (by Uni.Fribourg)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Borehole Temperatures - White Lobe

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Borehole Temperatures - White Lobe

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(29)

Drone intro

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(30)

Drone intro - 2012/10

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Drone intro - 2014/10

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Drone intro - 2015/07

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Drone intro - 2015/08

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Drone Surface Velocities

4.30 m 4.30 m

0.05 m 0.05 m

0.57 m 0.57 m 3.80 m

3.80 m

1.62 m 1.62 m

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Drone Surface Velocities

4,19 m 6,31 m 4,20 m 1,60 m 1,76 m

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Drone Surface Velocities

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(37)

GNSS velocities (by Uni.Fribourg)

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(38)

Continuous GPS records

75 days

Mean velocity: 3.1 cm/day

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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Meteorological Conditions Permafrost response Conclusions

Take home message

Effect of the Heatwave 2015 on...

Cime Bianche: acceleration of permafrost degradation with no consequences for human activities

RG velocities: sensible increase with potential risk for humans and infrastructures.

Thanks for your attention!!

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(40)

Meteorological Conditions Permafrost response Conclusions

Take home message

Effect of the Heatwave 2015 on...

Cime Bianche: acceleration of permafrost degradation with no consequences for human activities

Rock walls: increasing of ALT with obvious implications... thin and persistent snow cover effectively reduce the heatwave effect.

Thanks for your attention!!

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(41)

Meteorological Conditions Permafrost response Conclusions

Take home message

Effect of the Heatwave 2015 on...

Cime Bianche: acceleration of permafrost degradation with no consequences for human activities

Rock walls: increasing of ALT with obvious implications... thin and persistent snow cover effectively reduce the heatwave effect.

RG velocities: sensible increase with potential risk for humans and infrastructures.

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

(42)

Take home message

Effect of the Heatwave 2015 on...

Cime Bianche: acceleration of permafrost degradation with no consequences for human activities

Rock walls: increasing of ALT with obvious implications... thin and persistent snow cover effectively reduce the heatwave effect.

RG velocities: sensible increase with potential risk for humans and infrastructures.

Thanks for your attention!!

U. Morra di Cella Heatwave 2015 in the Cervinia basin

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