• Non ci sono risultati.

Nelle figure seguenti la linea a tratti denota la cre- cre-scita tumorale senza terapia, la linea solida pi `u spessa la crescita in

= f (z(t)) − z(t)ϕ(t)

(2) Sia viceversa data ψ, allora poniamo

ϕ(t) = f(x(t))

x(t) − ψ(t).

La nostra tecnica permette di studiare anche il caso che la terapia inizia in t1; ci`o potrebbe essere molto interessante.

Osservazione 19.11. Spesso per un singolo paziente `e difficile otte-nere molti dati; assumiamo di avere invece 200 pazienti con pochi dati per ogni singolo paziente. Per eliminare i dati estremi, calcoliamo pri-ma le oscillazioni max(x) − min(x) max(t) − min(t)

ed eliminiamo i 10 parametri con le oscillazioni maggiori e i 10 con le oscillazioni minori. Dagli altri con il metodo della media slittantex˜0= x0+ . . . + xs

6 , ˜ x1 = x0+ . . . + x6 7 , . . . ,x˜k = xk−5+ . . . + xk+ . . . + xk+5 11 , . . . otteniamo una serie di dati che spesso soddisfa le condizioni nella nota 19.7.

Esempio 19.12. Nelle figure seguenti la linea a tratti denota la cre-scita tumorale senza terapia, la linea solida pi `u spessa la crescita in seguito a terapia; la linea solida sottile la funzione di terapia.

Bibliografia

Parte matematica

M. Abramowitz/I. Stegun (ed.): Handbook of mathematical functions.

Dover 1972.

H. Amann: Gew¨ohnliche Differentialgleichungen. De Gruyter 1983. T. Apostol: Some explicit formulas for the exponential matrix etA.

Am. Math. Monthly 76/3 (1969), 289-292.

G. Andrews/R. Askey/R. Roy: Special functions. Cambridge UP 2000. V. Arnold: Equazioni differenziali ordinarie. Mir 1979.

H. Attaya: Radioactivity computation of steady-state and pulsed fusion

reactors operation. 3rd Int. Symp. Fusion Nuclear Techn. 1994.

B. Bakkalo ˇglu/K. Erciyes¸/C. Koc¸: A parallelization of Parlett’s algorithm

for functions of triangular matrices. Par. Algor. Appl. 11 (1997), 61-69.

R. Bartels/G. Stewart: Solution of the matrix equation AX + XB = C.

Comm. ACM 15/9 (1972), 820-826.

R. Ben Taher/M. Rachidi: Linear recurrence relations in the algebra of

matrices and applications. Lin. Algebra Appl. 330 (2001), 15-24.

R. Ben Taher/M. Rachidi: Some explicit formulas for the polynomial

de-composition of the matrix exponential and applications. Lin. Alg. Appl. 350 (2002), 171-184.

F. Bowman: Introduction to Bessel functions. Dover 1958. I. Bronstein/K. Semendjajev: Taschenbuch der Mathematik I.

Deutsch 1987.

H. Cheng/S. Yau: More explicit formulas for the matrix exponential.

Lin. Alg. Appl. 262 (1997), 131-163.

C. Cullen: Matrices and linear transformations. Dover 1990. G. Dall’Aglio: Calcolo delle probabilit `a. Zanichelli 1987.

P. Davies/N. Higham: A Schur-Parlett algorithm for computing matrix

functions. SIAM J. Matrix An. Appl. 25/2 (2003), 464-485.

P. Deuflhard/A. Hohmann: Numerische Mathematik 1. De Gruyter 2002. N. Dunford/J. Schwartz: Linear operators I. Wiley 1988.

S. Elaydi: An introduction to difference equations. Springer 2005. W. Forst/D. Hoffmann: Gew¨ohnliche Differentialgleichungen.

Springer 2005.

A. Frommer/V. Simoncini: Matrix functions. Internet 2006, 25p. F. Gantmacher: Matrizentheorie. Springer 1986.

J. Gathen/J. Gerhard: Modern computer algebra. Cambridge UP 2003. G. Golub/C. Van Loan: Matrix computations. Johns Hopkins UP 1983. I. Gradshteyn/I. Ryzhik: Table of integrals, series, and products.

Academic Press 2000.

R. Graham/D. Knuth/O. Patashnik: Concrete mathematics.

Addison-Wesley 1994.

C. Groetsch: Differentiation of approximately specified functions.

Am. Math. Monthly 98 (1991), 847-850.

H. Halder/W. Heise: Einf ¨uhrung in die Kombinatorik. Hanser 1976. M. Hanke/O. Scherzer: Inverse problems light - numerical

W. Harris/J. Fillmore/D. Smith: Matrix exponentials - another approach.

SIAM Rev. 43/4 (2001), 694-706.

M. Heath: Scientific computing. McGraw-Hill 2002.

H. Heuser: Gew¨ohnliche Differentialgleichungen. Teubner 1989.

N. Higham [S]: The scaling and squaring method for the matrix

exponen-tial revisited. SIAM J. Matrix An. Appl. 26/4 (2005), 1179-1193.

N. Higham [F]: Functions of matrices.

In L. Hogben (ed.): Handbook of linear algebra. Chapman & Hall 2006.

R. Horn/C. Johnson: Topics in matrix analysis. Cambridge UP 1994. B. Huppert: Angewandte lineare Algebra. De Gruyter 1990.

K. Jacobs: Einfhrung in die Kombinatorik. De Gruyter 1983.

P. Kirrinnis: Fast algorithms for the Sylvester equation AX − XBt= C. Theor. Comp. Sci. 259 (2001), 623-638.

H. Knobloch/F. Kappel: Gew¨ohnliche Differentialgleichungen.

Teubner 1974.

K. Knopp: Theory of functions. Dover 1996.

D. Knuth: The art of computer programming I. Addison-Wesley 1973. C. Koc¸: A divide-and-conquer algorithm for functions of triangular

matri-ces. Preprint, 1996.

C. Koc¸/B. Bakkalo ˇglu: A parallel algorithm for functions of triangular

matrices. Computing 57/1 (1996), 85-92.

M. Koecher: Lineare Algebra und analytische Geometrie. Springer 1985. U. Luther/K. Rost: Matrix exponentials and inversion of confluent

Van-dermonde matrices. Internet 2003, 19p.

H. Meschkowski: Differenzengleichungen. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1959. C. Moler/C. Van Loan: Nineteen dubious ways to compute the

exponen-tial of a matrix, twenty-five years later. SIAM Rev. 45/1 (2003), 3-49.

M. Mondini: Sistemi dinamici ed equazioni differenziali ordinarie.

Tesi, Ferrara 1988.

M. Petkovˇsek/H. Wilf/D. Zeilberger: A = B. Peters 1996. A. Quarteroni/R. Sacco/F. Saleri: Numerische Mathematik II.

Springer 2002

H. Roos/H. Schwetlick: Numerische Mathematik. Teubner 1999. G. Scheja/U. Storch: Lehrbuch der Algebra 2. De Gruyter 1988.

R. Sidje: Expokit - a software package for computing matrix exponentials.

ACM Trans. Math. Software 24/1 (1998), 130-156.

E. Sontag: Mathematical control theory. Springer 1998.

J. Stoer: Einf ¨uhrung in die numerische Mathematik I. Springer 1983. C. Van Loan: A study of the matrix exponential. Univ. Manchester 2006. L. Verde Star: Functions of matrices. Lin. Alg. Appl. 406 (2005), 285-300. W. Walter: Gew¨ohnliche Differentialgleichungen. Springer 1990.

G. Watson: A treatise on the theory of Bessel functions. Cambridge UP

1996.

E. Whittaker/G. Watson: A course of modern analysis. Cambridge UP

2003.

Parte biomatematica

L. Abbott/F. Michor: Mathematical models of targeted cancer therapy.

R. Baiocato: Il modello di Gompertz per la reazione polimerasica a catena

in tempo reale. Tesi, Ferrara 2004.

ˇ

Z. Bajzer/M. Maruˇsi ´c/S. Vuk-Pavlovi ´c: Conceptual frameworks for

ma-thematical modeling of tumor growth dynamics. Math. Comp. Mod. 23/6 (1996), 31-46.

A. Capelo: Modelli matematici in biologia. Decibel 1989.

K. Cooke/T. Witten: One-dimensional linear and logistic harvesting

mo-dels. Math. Mod. 7 (1986), 301-340.

D. Dingli/F. Michor: Successful therapy must eradicate cancer stem cells.

Stem Cells 24 (2006), 2603-2610.

U. Feldmann: Wachstumskinetik. Springer 1979.

R. Gatenby: Cancer as Darwinian evolution? Do the math!

Int. J. Epidem. 35/5 (2006), 1165-1167.

E. Gladtke/H. Hattingberg: Pharmakokinetik. Springer 1977. A. Kolmogorov: Sulla teoria di Volterra della lotta per l’esistenza.

Giorn. Ist. Ital. Attuari 7 (1936), 74-80. Citato in Redheffer/Vance.

N. Komarova: Stochastic modeling of drug resistance in cancer.

J. Theor. Biol. 239/3 (2006), 351-366.

P. Macheras/A. Iliadis: Modeling in biopharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics,

and pharmacodynamics. Springer 2006.

F. Michor: Reply - the long term response to imatinib treatment of CML.

Brit. J. Cancer 96 (2007), 679-680.

F. Michor/S. Frank/.../M. Nowak: Somatic selection for and against

can-cer. J. Theor. Biol. 225 (2003), 377-382.

F. Michor/T. Hughes/.../M. Nowak: Dynamics of chronic myeloid

leuke-mia. Nature 435 (2005), 1267-1270.

F. Michor/Y. Iwasa/M. Nowak: Dynamics of cancer progression.

Nature Reviews Cancer March 2004, 197-206.

L. Norton [G]: A Gompertzian model of human breast cancer growth.

Cancer Res. 48 (1988), 7067-7071.

L. Norton [T]: Conceptual and practical implications of breast tissue

geo-metry - toward a more effective, less toxic therapy. Oncologist 10 (2005), 370-381.

M. Nowak/F. Michor/Y. Iwasa: The linear process of somatic evolution.

Proc. Nat. Ac. Sci. USA 9 December 2003, 14966-14969.

L. Preziosi (ed.): Cancer modeling and simulation. Chapman & Hall 2003. R. Redheffer/R. Vance: An equivalence theorem concerning population

growth in a variable environment. Int. J. Math. Math. Sci. 43 (2003), 2747-2758.

M. Retsky [L]: Letter to the editor. J. Theor. Biol. 229 (2004), 289. M. Retsky [G]: Cancer growth - implications for medicine and

malpracti-ce. Internet 1998, 4p.

C. Schmidt: The Gompertzian view - Norton honored for role in

establis-hing cancer treatment approach. J. NCI 96/20 (2004), 1492-1493.

J. Sherratt/M. Chaplain: A new mathematical model for avascular

tu-mour growth. J. Math. Biol. 43 (2001), 291-312.

J. Spratt/.../E. Weber: Decelerating growth and human breast cancer.

Cancer 71/6 (1993), 2013-2019.

M. Tabatabai/David Williams/Zoran Bursac: Hyperbolastic growth

A. Tsoularis: Analysis of logistic growth models.

Res. Lett. Inf. Math. Sci. 2 (2001), 23-46.

T. Wheldon: Mathematical models in cancer research. Hilger 1988. D. Wodarz/N. Komarova: Emergence and prevention of resistance against

small molecule inhibitors. Sem. Cancer Biol. 15 (2005), 506-514.

D. Wodarz/N. Komarova: Computational biology of cancer.

World Scientific 2005.

Parte medica

R. Bhatia/.../S. Forman: Persistence of malignant hematopoietic

proge-nitors in chronic myelogenous leukemia patients in complete cytoge-netic remission following imatinib mesylate treatment.

Blood 101 (2003), 4701-4707.

I. B ¨ordlein: Intervista con Otmar Wiestler, amministratore delegato del

Centro Tedesco per la Ricerca sul Cancro a Heidelberg. Internet 2006, 2p.

G. Castoldi/V. Liso (ed.): Malattie del sangue e degli organi

ematopoie-tici. McGraw-Hill 2004.

L. Chen/.../J. Gao: Precancerous stem cells have the potential for both

be-nign and malignant differentiation. PLOS One 21 March 2007, 16p.

S. Chu/.../R. Bhatia: Detection of BCR-ABL kinase mutations in CD34+

cells from chronic myeologenous leukemia patients in complete cyto-genetic remission on imatinib mesylate treatment. Blood 105/5 (2005), 2093-2098.

M. Clarke/M. Fuller: Stem cells and cancer - two faces of Eve.

Cell 124/6 (2006), 1111-1115.

M. Dean/T. Fojo/S. Bates: Tumour stem cells and drug resistance.

Nature Rev. Cancer 5/4 (2005), 275-284.

V. De Filippis Russo: Perch´e il cancro avanza. Huggins Lab. 1982. M. Deininger: Management of early stage disease.

Am. Soc. Haem. Education Book 2005, 174-182.

M. Deininger/E. Buchdunger/B. Druker: The development of imatinib

as a therapeutic agent for chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood 105 (2005), 2640-2653.

M. Deininger/B. Druker: Specific targeted therapy of chronic

myeloge-nous leukemia with imatinib. Pharmacol. Rev. 55 (2003), 401-423.

M. Deininger/J. Goldman/J. Melo: The molecular biology of chronic

mye-loid leukemia. Blood 96 (2000), 3343-3356.

V. De Vita/S. Hellman/S. Rosenberg (ed.): Cancer. Principles and

prac-tice of oncology. Lippincott-Raven 1996.

L. Elrick/H. Jorgensen/J. Mountford/T. Holyoake: Punish the parent,

not the progeny. Blood 105 (2005), 1862-1866.

E. Fuchs/T. Tumbar/G. Guasch: Socializing with the neighbors - stem

cells and their niche. Cell 116 (2004), 769-778.

E. Gravela: Oncologia generale. Piccin 1984.

M. al-Hajj/.../M. Clarke: Prospective identification of tumorigenic breast

cancer cells. Proc. Nat. Ac. Sci. USA 100 (2003), 3983-3988.

D. Hanahan/R. Weinberg: The hallmarks of cancer.

Cell 100 (2000), 57-70.

M. Hayat/N. Howlader/M. Reichman/B. Edwards: Cancer statistics,

epidemiology, and end results (SEER) program. Oncologist 12 (2007), 20-37.

A. Hoffbrand/P. Moss/J. Pettit: Essential haematology. Blackwell 2006. J. Klein/V. Ho ˇrejˇs´ı: Immunology. Blackwell 1997.

R. Krsti ´c: Human microscopic anatomy. Springer 1991. C. Leaf: Why are we losing the war on cancer?

Fortune March 22, 2004, 77-94.

F. Macdonald/C. Ford/A. Casson: Molecular biology of cancer. BIOS 2004. David Morgan: The cell cycle. Oxford UP 2007.

Ralph Moss: Comment on the article ”Why are we losing the war on

can-cer?” by Clifton Leaf. Internet 2004, 3p.

NCI: SEER Cancer Statistics Review (Overview). NCI 2006.

T. O’Hare/A. Corbin/B. Druker: Targeted CML therapy - controlling drug

resistance, seeking cure. Curr. Op. Gen. Dev. 16 /1 (2006), 92-99.

S. Pelengaris/M. Khan (ed.): The molecular biology of cancer.

Blackwell 2006.

K. Possinger/A. Regierer (ed.): Facharzt H ¨amatologie Onkologie.

Urban & Fischer 2007.

D. Rea/.../P. Rousselot: High-dose imatinib mesylate combined with

vin-cristine and dexamethasone (DIV regimen) as induction therapy in pa-tients with resistant Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leuke-mia and lymphoid blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukeleuke-mia.

Leukemia 20 (2006), 400-403.

T. Reya/S. Morrison/M. Clarke/I. Weissman: Stem cells, cancer, and

can-cer stem cells. Nature 414 (2001), 105-111.

I. Roeder/.../M. Loeffler: Dynamic modeling of imatinib-treated chronic

myeloid leukemia - functional insights and clinical implications. Nature Med. 12/10 (2006), 1181-1184.

W. Schulz: Molecular biology of human cancers. Springer 2005.

N. Shah/.../C. Sawyers: Overriding Imatinib resistance with a novel ABL

kinase inhibitor. Science 305 (2004), 399-401.

L. Szabo: Certain cells are more lethal. USA Today 25 february 2007. P. Talalay: The war against cancer - new hope.

Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. 143/1 (1999), 52-72.

J. Travis: The bad seed - rare stem cells appear to drive cancers.

Science News March 20 (2004), 184-185.

E. Weisberg/.../J. Griffin: Characterization of AMN107, a selective

Documenti correlati