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Cultural Landscape and cultural routes: infrastructure role and indigenous knowledge for a sustainable development of inland areas

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 223 ( 2016 ) 576 – 582

1877-0428 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ISTH2020 doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.350

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Dipartimento di Agraria, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Salita Melissari snc, 89124 Reggio Calabria, ITALY

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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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