13 November 2021
Repository ISTITUZIONALE
Regola and Licentia in the Extraordinario Libro by Sebastian Serlio / Spallone, Roberta; Vitali, Marco. - STAMPA. - (2018), pp. 123-128. ((Intervento presentato al convegno Nexus 2018: Relationships Between Architecture and Mathematics tenutosi a Pisa nel 11-14 June 2018.
Original
Regola and Licentia in the Extraordinario Libro by Sebastian Serlio
Publisher:
Published DOI:
Terms of use:
openAccess
Publisher copyright
(Article begins on next page)
This article is made available under terms and conditions as specified in the corresponding bibliographic description in the repository
Availability:
This version is available at: 11583/2711312 since: 2018-07-25T22:00:13Z
Kim Williams Book
'LSDUWLPHQWRGL,QJHJQHULDGHOO¶(QHUJLDGHL6LVWHPL
GHO7HUULWRULRHGHOOH&RVWUX]LRQL
8QLYHUVLW\RI3LVD
DQG
.LP:LOOLDPV%RRNV
present
1H[XV
$UFKLWHFWXUHDQG0DWKHPDWLFV
&RQIHUHQFH%RRN
HGLWHGE\
.LP:LOOLDPVDQG0DUFR*LRUJLR%HYLODFTXD
1H[XV5HODWLRQVKLSV%HWZHHQ$UFKLWHFWXUHDQG0DWKHPDWLFV
±-XQH3LVD,WDO\
2UJDQLVHGE\
'LSDUWLPHQWRGL,QJHJQHULDGHOO¶(QHUJLD
GHL6LVWHPLGHO7HUULWRULRHGHOOH
&RVWUX]LRQL'(67(&8QLYHUVLW\RI3LVD
:LWKWKH3DWURQDJHRI
8,'±8QLRQH,WDOLDQR'LVHJQR
6FLHQWLILF&RPPLWWHH
.LP:LOOLDPV&KDLU,WDO\
0DUFR*LRUJLR%HYLODFTXD&KDLU,WDO\ 6\OYLH'XYHUQR\6HFUHWDU\,WDO\ .HQ]D%RXVVRUD$OJHULD
$KPHG(ONKDWHHE(J\SW
$OHVVDQGUD&DSDQQD,WDO\ +RRPDQ.ROLML86$
&RUQHOLH/HRSROG*HUPDQ\ -RVp&DOYR/ySH]6SDLQ
$QQD0DURWWD,WDO\ 0LFKDHO2VWZDOG$XVWUDOLD 0LQHg]NDU7XUNH\
$QWRQLD5HGRQGR%XLWUDJR6SDLQ 0LFKHOD5RVVL,WDO\
5REHUWD6SDOORQH,WDO\ 6WHSKHQ5:DVVHOO86$ -RmR3HGUR;DYLHU3RUWXJDO 0DULD=DFN86$
3K''D\6FLHQWLILF&RPPLWWHH
0LFKDHO2VWZDOG±&KDLU$XVWUDOLD 0DUFR*LRUJLR%HYLODFTXD,WDO\ 6\OYLH'XYHUQR\,WDO\
&RUQHOLH/HRSROG*HUPDQ\
$QQD0DURWWD,WDO\ -RVp&DOYR/ySH]6SDLQ 0LFKHOD5RVVL,WDO\ 6WHSKHQ5:DVVHOO86$
2UJDQLVLQJ&RPPLWWHHLQ3LVD
0DUFR*LRUJLR%HYLODFTXD
6WHIDQLD/DQGL
/XFLD*LRUJHWWL
$OHVVDQGUR$ULHO7HUUDQRYD
3XEOLVKHGE\
.LP:LOOLDPV%RRNV
KWWSZZZNLPZLOOLDPVERRNVFRP
7KLVZRUNLVVXEMHFWWRFRS\ULJKW$OOULJKWVDUHUHVHUYHGZKHWKHUWKHZKROHRUSDUWRIWKHPDWHULDOLVFRQFHUQHG
VSHFLILFDOO\ WKH ULJKWV RI WUDQVODWLRQ UHSULQWLQJ UHXVH RI LOOXVWUDWLRQV UHFLWDWLRQ EURDGFDVWLQJ UHSURGXFWLRQ RQ
PLFURILOPVRULQDQ\RWKHUZD\VDQGVWRUDJHLQGDWDEDQNV)RUDQ\NLQGRIXVHSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHFRS\ULJKWRZQHU
PXVWEHREWDLQHG
&RS\ULJKW.LP:LOOLDPV%RRNV
,6%1
&RYHULPDJH1H[XV/RJRGHVLJQHGE\,YDQ0HFKNXQRY
³1H[XV$UFKLWHFWXUHDQG0DWKHPDWLFV´DQG³1H[XV1HWZRUN-RXUQDO´DUHUHJLVWHUHGWUDGHPDUNV
RI.LP:LOOLDPV%RRNV
&
217(1760RQGD\-XQH
3HUVSHFWLYH6SDFH'LPHQVLRQ*HRPHWU\
&251(/,(/(232/'7KH'HYHORSPHQWRIWKH*HRPHWULF&RQFHSWRI5HOLHI
3HUVSHFWLYH
$*267,12'(526$$/(66,2%25727+XQFKHG&XUYHVLQWKH9DWLFDQ7KH
9HVWLEXOH $UFK RI WKH 3LR &OHPHQWLQR 0XVHXP %HWZHHQ 6WHUHRWRP\ DQG
$QDPRUSKRVLV
-223$8/2&$%(/(,5$'HFRQVWUXFWLQJWKH,PDJLQDU\6SDFHRID4XDGUDWXUD
*,86(33('¶$&81721RWHVRQ2EOLTXH6SDFH
61(=$1$/$:5(1&(/RVWDQG)RXQG6RPH0DWKHPDWLFDO0HVVDJHVIURP
5HQDLVVDQFH7XVFDQ\WRDVW&HQWXU\7HDFKHU
$/(66$1'5$&$3$11$7KH)RXU'LPHQVLRQDO+RXVH7KHRUHP
&26,020217(/(21(7KH0DWKHPDWLFDO6SDFHRI'DQLHOH%DUEDUR
/$85$&$5/(9$5,6 1'LPHQVLRQDO 3HUVSHFWLYH 7KH 0DWKHPDWLFV EHKLQG
WKH,QWHUSUHWDWLRQRI$QFLHQW3HUVSHFWLYH
67()$12&+,$5(1=$3HWHU1LFKROVRQDQGWKH)LUVW,QWHUSUHWDWLRQRI*UHHN
$UFKLWHFWXUDO0RXOGLQJVDV6HFWLRQVRID&RQH
5,=$/086/,0,1$*UDPPDWLFDO,QYHVWLJDWLRQRI8W]RQ¶V6SKHULFDO6FKHPD
(YROXWLRQ
$1721,$5('21'2%8,75$*2 2Q 3RO\JRQV 6HW 6TXDUHV DQG 0XGpMDU
&DUSHQWU\
5$'26/$9=8.7KH9LVLEOHDQG,QYLVLEOH*HRPHWULHVRI9HQLFH
7XHVGD\-XQH
+LVWRULFDO$QDO\VLV
)5$1&(6&$)$77$'20(1,&20(',$7,7KH'HVLJQRI5RPDQ0RVDLFVLQ
1RUWK$IULFDDQGWKHLU*HRPHWULF5HIHUHQFHV
$6/,$*,5%$6$OJRULWKPLF'HFRPSRVLWLRQRI*HRPHWULF,VODPLF3DWWHUQV$
&DVH6WXG\ZLWK6WDU3RO\JRQ'HVLJQLQWKH7RPEVWRQHVRI$KODW
%(51$5'3$5=<6= :KDW :H &DQ /HDUQ IURP 5RPDQ *HRPHWULF 0RVDLFV
DERXWWKH3HRSOH:KR0DGH7KHP
-2+1.(1'$//+23.,16$8QLILHG6FKHPDRIWKH)DoDGHRI6DQ0LQLDWR$O
0RQWH7KH6LPXOWDQHLW\RI,QWHUORFNLQJ6\PEROLF+DUPRQLF,UUDWLRQDODQG
3HUIHFW1XPEHUV
6$1$= $+0$'=$'(+ 6,<$+522' $5*+$9$1 (%5$+,0,
02+$00$'-$9$'0$+'$9,1(-$' $SSOLFDWLRQ 2I &XELW±*D] DQG 6KDSH
*UDPPDULQ$UFKLWHFWXUH3ODQ'HVLJQ
$7+$1$66,26(&212028 7KH 6L[ 9LWUXYLDQ 3ULQFLSOHV RI $UFKLWHFWXUDO
'HVLJQ5HIUDPHGZLWKLQ&RQWHPSRUDU\&RPSXWDWLRQDO'HVLJQ'LVFRXUVH
52%(57$ 63$//21( 0$5&2 9,7$/, Regola DQG Licentia LQ WKH
Extraordinario LibroE\6HEDVWLDQR6HUOLR
251(//$=(5/(1*$9,1&(1=2&,5,//2Della pianta delle ScaleRI*XDULQR
*XDULQL
$11$ 0$5277$ 8568/$ =,&+ 0$57,12 3$9,*1$12 7KHRULHV DQG
$SSURDFKHVLQ)RUWLILFDWLRQV'HVLJQ7KH)LJXUHRI*DVSDUH%HUHWWD
67()$12 %586$325&, 3$0(/$ 0$,(==$ *,$1)5$1&2 58**,(5, $
5HIOHFWLRQRQWKH&LVWHUFLDQBernhardinischer Grundtypus
'$1,(/(&$/,6,0$77(202/,1$5,*LXVHSSH9DODGLHU¶V8UEDQ/D\RXWIRU
3LD]]DGHO3RSRORLQ5RPH
,6$%(//$)5,62$1'5($*,25'$12 7KH 'HVLJQ 3URFHVV LQ WKH 6DON
,QVWLWXWHE\/RXLV,.DKQ
9,1&(1=2%$*12/2$1'5($3,5,180$5&(//26&+,558 *HRPHWULFDO
'HVLJQ$OJRULWKPVLQ1LQHWHHQWK&HQWXU\3ULVRQV7KHFDVHRIWKHRotundaLQ
7HPSLR3DXVDQLD
-22 3('52 0$548( 6Ç&2 ',$6 &$5021$ 8UEDQ 0RUSKRORJ\ RI
*HRPHWULF3DWWHUQLQWKH9LOOD,PSHULDOGH3HWURSROLV
$57852*$//2==,0,&+(/$&,*2/$&RQVLGHUDWLRQVRQWKH5HSUHVHQWDWLRQV
RIWKH$QDOHPPDLQ5HQDLVVDQFH(GLWLRQVRI9LWUXYLXV¶VDe Architectura
:HGQHVGD\-XQH
&RQWHPSRUDU\ $QDO\VLV 6WUXFWXUHV 7HFKQLTXHV RI 'HVLJQ $OJRULWKPV 5XOH
%DVHG'HVLJQ
'(1,6( 8/,9,(5, /8&,$ *,25*(77, %(1('(77$ 72*1(77, 9LWWRULR
*LRUJLQL 6SDWLRORJ\0RUSKRORJ\ $UFKLWHFW )URP µ&XUYHG 6\VWHPV¶ WR
µ&RQYHQWLRQDO6\VWHPV¶
0,&+$(/-267:$/'0,&+$(/-'$:(6 $Q ,VRYLVW $QDO\VLV RI )UDQN
/OR\G:ULJKW¶V+ROO\KRFN+RXVH
0,&+$(/&'8''</RJLFDO$FFLGHQWV7KH3UREOHPRIWKH,QVLGH&RUQHU
25,(/(&35,=(0$1&$0,//$3(==,&$0$5,$1*(/$3$5,6,&/$5$ /$5,66$/25(1= )XQFWLRQ 6KRXOG )ROORZ )RUP )XWXUHV IRU WKH 5DGLDQW
/RJLFRI&DUQHJLH3XEOLF/LEUDULHV
6+(1*8$16+,+<,)(1*&+$1*&RPSRVLWH,QWHUORFNLQJ6WUXFWXUHVRISL
6WUDQGV
$66817$3(//,&&,20$5&26$&&8&&,(51(672*5$1'( $ .H\ 1H[XV
IRU9DXOW6\VWHPVIURP/HFFH6WHUHRPHWULF&RUUHODWLRQ%HWZHHQ6KDSHDQG
6WUXFWXUH
9$/(17,1$%($7,1,0RUSKRORJ\RI.LQHWLF6WUXFWXUHVE\0HDQVRI%DUDQG
3ODWH5/LQNDJHV
0$5&2 +(00(5/,1* &$5/2 '( )$/&2 $UFKL)ROG $Q (GXFDWLRQDO
$SSURDFKIRUWKH,QWHJUDWLRQRI0DWKHPDWLFVLQWKH$UFKLWHFWXUH&XUULFXOXP
0$66,0,/,$12/2785&28568/$=,&+0$5&275,6&,82*/,20,&+(/$
%$526,2 0$5,$ /8,6$ 635($),&2 <26(3+ %$862/$ 3$*/,(52
$OJRULWKPLF 0RGHOLQJ DQG 'HVLJQ RI WKH $UFKLWHFWXUDO 6KDSH $ 'LGDFWLF
([SHULHQFH
)$%,2%,$1&21,0$5&2),/,338&&,/25(1=2&,&8/,7KH)RUPRI0XVLF
([SHULPHQWVEHWZHHQ&\PDWLFVDQG(QJLQHHULQJ
0$5&2&$53,&(&,)$%,2&2/211(6( 7RZDUG DQ $OJRULWKP RI 9LVXDO
'HVLJQ 7KH 0DWKHPDWLFDO $SSURDFK RI +HUPDQQ 0DHUWHQV¶ Optische- MaVVstab
&(77,1$6$17$*$7,)('(5,&20$5,2/$5866$0$5,$7(5(6$*$/,=,$
(8*(1,20$*1$12',6$1/,27RZDUGVD*HQHULF3DUDPHWULF$OJRULWKPIRU
WKH*HRPHWULF,QYHVWLJDWLRQRI%DURTXH2YDO3ODQV$Q$SSOLFDWLRQRQ6LFLOLDQ
&DVHV
0$18(/$/(-$1'525Ï'(1$6/Ï3(=3('52*$5&Ë$0$57Ë1(=3('52
0,*8(/ -,0e1(=9,&$5,2 $'2/)2 3e5(= (*($ 0$57,12 3(f$
)(51È1'(=6(55$12 3DUDPHWULF 'HVLJQ $SSOLHG WR $QDO\VLV DQG
2SWLPL]DWLRQRI6SDWLDO'HSOR\DEOH6WUXFWXUHV
0$5,(3$6&$/(&25&8)) -XOHV %RXUJRLQ $ )RUHUXQQHU RI
*HQHUDWLYH6KDSH*UDPPDUV
%(1$<*h562<0,1(g=.$5Material Shapes DQG+RZWR&RPSXWHZLWK
7KHP
0$18(/$ %$66(77$ )RUP±)RUPDO PDNLQJ RI 7UDGLWLRQDO &KLQHVH
$UFKLWHFWXUH
7KXUVGD\-XQH
3K''D\
3$2/2%25,1 *HRPHWU\ 6FLHQFH DQG 0HDQLQJ LQ WKH :RUN RI *XDULQR
*XDULQL
&5,67,$1%26&$52 La Manière Universelle RI *LUDUG 'HVDUJXHV IRU WKH
8QGHUVWDQGLQJRI6WHUHRWRPLF6WUXFWXUHV
$/(;$1'5$&$67527KH&XUYHLQWKH$UFKLWHFWXUHRI+HU]RJ GH0HXURQ
5$))$(//$'(0$5&2 6KDSHV DQG 0RGHOV 7KH 6XUYH\ IRU WKH 6WXG\ RI
6WUXFWXUHVLQ+LVWRULF%XLOGLQJV
3$2/2 ', 3,(752 0$57,1(//, 7KH &RQWURO RI ,OOXVRU\ 6SDFH 7KH
&RQWULEXWLRQRI-DFRSR%DUR]]LGD9LJQRODDQGWKH$QWHURRPRIWKH&RXQFLO
LQ3DOD]]R)DUQHVHDW&DSUDUROD
0$5<$0'2528',$102+$0$'5(=$%(0$1,$102+$0$'-$9$'
0$+'$9,1(-$' ([SORULQJ RI 7RSRORJLFDO $UFKLWHFWXUH D 5HYLHZ RI
7RSRORJ\,QIOXHQFHRQ$UFKLWHFWXUH
:,//(0*<7+,(/0$77,$66&+(9(1(/6',5.+8</(%528&.*HQHUDWLQJ
*HRGHVLF*ULG6WUXFWXUHVE\(TXDOO\6XEGLYLGLQJ6SKHULFDO$UF6HJPHQWV
',2*23(5(,5$+(15,48(6(QYLVLRQLQJ)XWXUH3XEOLF6SDFHV([SHULPHQWV
LQ&R&UHDWLRQDQG(YDOXDWLRQRI8UEDQ9LVLRQV
67()$1,$/$1',25,2/'20Ë1*8(=0$57Ë1(= 0RGXODULW\ LQ $QFLHQW
*UDLQ 6WRUDJH 6\VWHPV +LVWRULFDO 2YHUYLHZ DQG ,Q'HSWK $QDO\VLV RI
0RURFFDQ)RUWLILHG*UDQDULHV
(/,6$%(77$ 32==2%21 5HOLJLRXV $UFKLWHFWXUDO +HULWDJH /RVLQJ ,WV
)XQFWLRQV6WUDWHJLHVWR0LWLJDWHWKH3UREOHPDQG3URYLGH1HZ9DOXHWKURXJK
*HRJUDSKLFDO&RQWH[W$QDO\VLV
0$<&21 6('5(= &RPSOH[ RU &RPSOLFDWLRQV" )UDFWDO *HRPHWU\ LQ
$UFKLWHFWXUHDQG8UEDQ'HVLJQ
-$.8% ĝ:,(5=$:6., &XUYLOLQHDULW\ LQ $UFKLWHFWXUH +LVWRULFDO DQG
&RQWHPSRUDU\,GHDVDQG([DPSOHV
9(5$9,$1$$UFKLWHFWRQLF7HVVHOODWLRQVDV&RQVWUXFWLYH0RGXOHV
R
EGOLA$1'L
ICENTIA,17+(E
XTRAORDINARIOL
IBRO%<
6
(%$67,$126
(5/,2Roberta Spallone, Marco Vitali
,QWURGXFWLRQ
7KH Extraordinario Libro E\ 6HEDVWLDQR 6HUOLR SXEOLVKHG LQ /\RQ LQ LV DQ
LQWHUHVWLQJ ILHOG RI H[SHULPHQWDWLRQ IRU WKH GLDOHFWLFDO UHODWLRQVKLS FHQWUDO WR WKH
0DQQHULVW SHULRG EHWZHHQ Regola 5XOH DQG Licentia /LFHQVH 7KLV YROXPH LV
FRPSRVHG RI FRSSHU SODWHV HQJUDYHG ZLWKULFK FDSWLRQV³WKHUH DUHWKLUW\GRRUVRI
UXVWLF ZRUN PL[HG ZLWK GLIIHUHQW RUGHUV DQG WZHQW\ RI GHOLFDWH ZRUN RI YDULRXV
VSHFLHV´6HUOLR)URQWLVSLFH
7KH ERRN QRW IRUHVHHQ LQ WKH RULJLQDO HGLWRULDO SODQ IRU GUDIWLQJ DQ DUFKLWHFWXUDO
WUHDWLVHLVWLHGZLWK%RRN,9FRQFHUQLQJDUFKLWHFWXUDORUGHUVZKLFKZDVWKHILUVWWR
EHSXEOLVKHGLQ,QGHHGLQWKHPRQXPHQWDOGRRURUSRUWDOWKHDUFKLWUDYHGRU
DUFKHG HQWUDQFH FRPELQHV ZLWK WKH RUGHU WR IRUP DQ DUFKLWHFWXUDO HOHPHQW ZLWK D
VSHFLILFIXQFWLRQDOIRUPDODQGGHFRUDWLYHFKDUDFWHU&KLWKDP
,QWKHWZHQWLHWKFHQWXU\WKHExtraordinario LibroZDVWKHREMHFWRIVRPHKLVWRULFDO
FULWLFDO VWXGLHV WKDW KLJKOLJKWHG WKH FKDUDFWHU RI ³VWUDQJH FROOHFWLRQ RI SRUWDOV DQG
FDSULFLRXVFDUWRXFKHV´5\NZHUWLQ&DUSR+RZHYHUWKHUHDUHQRVWXGLHV
WKDW DQDO\]H WKH JHRPHWULF VWUXFWXUH RI WKH 6HUOLDQ PRGHOV OLQNLQJ WKHP WR WKH
PRGXODULW\RIWKHRUGHUVDQGWRWKHXQLWRIPHDVXUHPHQWRIWKHSHULRG
7KHDXWKRUVRIWKLVSDSHUKDYHXQGHUWDNHQWKLVSDWKZLWKWKHDLPQRWRQO\DVLQ)LRUH¶V
DXVSLFHV³WRUHSURGXFHIROORZLQJWKHWH[WWKHSURSRVHGJUDSKLFH[DPSOHV´)LRUH
LQ6HUOLREXWDOVRWRLQWHUSUHWUHSUHVHQWDQGILQDOO\UHODWHWKHSURSRUWLRQDO
FULWHULD XQGHUO\LQJ WKH LFRQRJUDSKLF corpus RI WKH ERRN 7KH JHRPHWULFPRGXODU
UHODWLRQVKLSV WKDW UXOH WKH FRPSRVLWLRQ RI WKH ILIW\ SRUWDOV DUH LQYHVWLJDWHG XVLQJ
JUDSKLFDODQDO\VLVZKLFKLQYROYHVUHFRJQLWLRQGHFRPSRVLWLRQDQGUHFRPSRVLWLRQ
RIWKHHOHPHQWVDQGSKLORORJLFDOUHFRQVWUXFWLRQDLPLQJDW
± FRPSDULQJDQGFODVVLI\LQJ6HUOLDQPRGHOV
± LGHQWLI\LQJYDULDQWVDQGLQYDULDQWVEHWZHHQSURSRUWLRQVRIµUXVWLF¶GRRUVDQG
µGHOLFDWH¶GRRUV
± HVWDEOLVKLQJFRQQHFWLRQVWRWKHUXOHVRIRUGHUVVWDWHGE\6HUOLRLQ%RRN,9
± KLJKOLJKWLQJUHFXUUHQWDQGH[FHSWLRQDOFRPSRVLWLRQDOFULWHULD
7KH5HVHDUFK
Now that I have given vent to the oddities of mixed and licentious things, it is quite right that I treat likewise the regular ones —6HUOLRDilicate,.
$OWKRXJK6HUOLRXVHVWKLVSUHPLVHWRGHVFULEHWKHµGHOLFDWH¶GRRUVWKHµOLFHQWLRXV¶
ZRUNVDUHGLVWULEXWHGWKURXJKRXWWKHZKROHYROXPH
7KHµUXVWLF¶ZRUNLVIRXQGLQWKHDSSOLFDWLRQRIDVKODUZRUNVRPHWLPHVEDQGHGZKLOH
WKHµGHOLFDWH¶ZRUNLVGHSULYHGEXWWKLVGRHVQRWLPSO\DVWULFWFRUUHVSRQGHQFHZLWK
'LSDUWLPHQWRGL$UFKLWHWWXUDH'HVLJQ3ROLWHFQLFRGL7RULQR,WDO\
UREHUWDVSDOORQH#SROLWRLW
'LSDUWLPHQWRGL$UFKLWHWWXUDH'HVLJQ3ROLWHFQLFRGL7RULQR,WDO\PDUFRYLWDOL#SROLWRLW
µLicentia¶DQGµRegola¶UHVSHFWLYHO\,QGHHGYDULDWLRQVLQWKHDSSOLFDWLRQRIRUGHU
HOHPHQWVGHFRUDWLRQDQGLQVFULSWLRQDOVRFKDUDFWHUL]HDJRRGSDUWRIWKHµGHOLFDWH¶
GRRUV ,Q %RRN ,9 WKH 5XOH SUHVHQWV D VHULHV RI WUDQVJUHVVLRQV RI 9LWUXYLXV¶V
LQVWUXFWLRQVPRWLYDWHGE\GLUHFWUHIHUHQFHWR5RPDQDQWLTXLWLHV7KH5XOHLGHQWLILHV
DV D PRGXOH WKH FROXPQ GLDPHWHUUHSHDWHG D FHUWDLQ QXPEHU RI WLPHV DW WKH
µFRQVWUXFWLYH OHYHO¶ ZKLFK XVLQJ WKH VXFFHVVLYH SDUWLWLRQ PHWKRG DOORZV IRU
SURSRUWLRQLQJWKHHOHPHQWVDWWKHµIXQFWLRQDOOHYHO¶0LJOLDUL
,QWKHExtraordinario LibroLQDGGLWLRQWRWKHXVHRIGLIIHUHQWRUGHUHOHPHQWVLQWKH
VDPH SRUWDO WKH /LFHQVH LV PDQLIHVWHG LQ WKH LQWHUUXSWLRQ RI DUFKLWUDYH IULH]H RU
FRUQLFH E\ EUHDNLQJ RI WKH SHGLPHQW WR SODFH D SODTXHRU D FRDW RI DUPV LQ WKH
DSSOLFDWLRQ RI WKH DVKODUZRUN WR FROXPQV SLOODUV DQG DUFKLWUDYHV 6XFK /LFHQVHV
PXVWDOVREHFRQWH[WXDOL]HGZLWKLQWKHSHGDJRJLFDOLQWHQWRIDQDUFKLWHFWZKRGHFODUHV
KLPVHOI D µSURIHVVRU¶ DQG SURSRVHV D VHULHV RI µLQYHQWLRQV¶ GHVWLQHG WR UHPDLQ RQ
SDSHU7KRHQHV
,QWKHGHGLFDWLRQWRWKHUHDGHUVA gli lettori6HUOLRSURYLGHVJHQHUDOLQGLFDWLRQVRQ
KRZ WR XVH GLPHQVLRQV ³$QG EHFDXVH ZLWK UHJDUG WR GHVFULELQJ WKH GLPHQVLRQV ,
KDYHEHHQYHU\EULHIWKHGLOLJHQWDUFKLWHFWZLOOILQGWKHPPLQXWHO\LQWKLVZD\+H
ZLOOLPDJLQHKRZPDQ\IHHWWKHGRRUVKRXOGKDYHWRPHDVXUHPDNLQJRQHRIWKRVH
IHHWWZHOYHLQFKHVonceDQGRQHLQFKonciaVL[SDUWVFDOOHGPLQXWHV:LWKWKLV
UXOHKHZLOOILQGDOOWKHGLPHQVLRQVIURPRQHVLGHWRWKHRWKHU´6HUOLRA gli lettori7KHUHDGHULVZDUQHGDERXWWKHWHUPVRIXVHRIWKHWUHDWLVHLQZKLFKKHZLOO
ILQGVRPHRIWKHIXQGDPHQWDOGLPHQVLRQVZKLOHKHZLOOLQGHSHQGHQWO\KDYHWRILQG
WKRVHGLPHQVLRQVQRWVSHFLILFDOO\LQGLFDWHG³ZKLFKGLPHQVLRQV\RXZLOOILQGLI\RX
DUHGLOLJHQWLQGLYLGLQJDQGPHDVXULQJ´6HUOLRRustiche9
$GHVFULSWLRQRIGLPHQVLRQDOPRGXODUUHIHUHQFHVLVRQO\PDGHIRUGRRUV,,,,,,,,,
99,,9,,,µUXVWLF¶GRRUV9;9;9,;9,,,;;µGHOLFDWH¶GRRUV
7KH JUDSKLFDO DQDO\VLV EHJDQ IURP WKHVH PRGHOV WKURXJK WKH FRQQHFWLRQ EHWZHHQ
GUDZLQJV DQG WH[WV LQ VHDUFK RI DQ DQDO\VLV SURWRFRO IRU WKH GHILQLWLRQ RI WKH
FRPSRVLWLRQDO KLHUDUFK\ DQG VHTXHQFH WKH WHVWLQJ WKH FRUUHVSRQGHQFH EHWZHHQ
PRGXOHVDQGGLPHQVLRQVDQGWKHLGHQWLILFDWLRQRIKLGGHQJHRPHWULHV7KLVSURWRFRO
ZDVVXEVHTXHQWO\H[WHQGHGWRRWKHUPRGHOV
5HJDUGLQJWKHGUDIWLQJRIWKLVSURWRFROLWLVQHFHVVDU\WRSRLQWRXWWKDWWKHGLPHQVLRQV
LQGLFDWHGE\6HUOLRDOZD\VIROORZWKHJHQHUDOORJLFDQGWKHVHTXHQFHVWDWHGLQWKH
GHGLFDWLRQWRWKHUHDGHUV
± WKHGLPHQVLRQVLQIHHWZLGWKDQGKHLJKWRIWKHRSHQLQJ
± WKHYDOXHRIWKHPRGXOHLQIHHWFRUUHVSRQGLQJWRWKHEDVHGLDPHWHURIWKH
FROXPQVKDIW
± WKHKHLJKWRIWKHFROXPQLQFOXGLQJEDVHDQGFDSLWDODQGRIRWKHUHOHPHQWV
UHODWHGWRWKHµFRQVWUXFWLYHOHYHO¶
7KHUHDGHULVOHIWZLWKWKHWDVNRIILQGLQJIURPWKHGUDZLQJWKHGLPHQVLRQVQHFHVVDU\
IRU WKH VXEGLYLVLRQV RI WKH µIXQFWLRQDO OHYHO¶ LQWR EDVH VKDIW DQG FDSLWDO IRU WKH
FROXPQ EDVH GLH DQG FDS IRU SHGHVWDO DUFKLWUDYH IULH]H DQG FRUQLFH IRU WKH
HQWDEODWXUH
6RPHWLPHV WKH KHLJKW DQG ZLGWK RI WKH HOHPHQWV SODFHG DERYH WKH HQWDEODWXUH DUH
LQGLFDWHG DQG PRUH RIWHQ WKH GLPHQVLRQV RI WKH ODWHUDO EDQGV DQG WKH
LQWHUFROXPQLDWLRQDUHSURYLGHG+RZHYHUWKHRYHUDOOGLPHQVLRQVRIWKHSRUWDODQG
WKH UHODWHG SURSRUWLRQDO FULWHULD²ZKLFK DUH WKH VXEMHFW RI DWWHQWLRQ LQ %RRN , RQ
JHRPHWU\ ²DUH PLVVLQJ 7KHUHIRUH PRGXODU DQG GLPHQVLRQDO LQGLFDWLRQV
IUHHO\ DOWHUQDWH WKH ODWWHU DUH WKHQ VXEGLYLGHG DOPRVW DOZD\V ZLWK D PRGXODU
FULWHULRQZKLFKGHULYHVIURPWKHGLYLVLRQRIHOHPHQWVLQWRIUDFWLRQVRIWKHZKROH
,QUHODWLRQWRWKHLQHTXDOLW\RIWKHLQIRUPDWLRQLQWKHFDSWLRQV6HUOLRRIWHQUHIHUVWR
WKHµGLOLJHQWDUFKLWHFW¶ZKRLVDEOHWRLQWHJUDWHWKHWH[WWKURXJKWKHUHDGLQJRIWKH
GUDZLQJDQGWRYDU\WKHVL]HRIWKHPRGXOHLQRUGHUWRREWDLQVFDODUYDULDWLRQV³7R
PDNHWKHPHDVXUHRIWKHZKROHLWLVSRVVLEOHWRLPDJLQHKRZPDQ\IHHWWKHGRRUKDV
WREHZLGHGLYLGLQJRQHIRRWLQWZHOYHSDUWVZLWKLWWKHGLPHQVLRQRIHYHU\WKLQJZLOO
EHIRXQG´6HUOLRRustiche;;,QWKHVDPHLQFLSLW6HUOLRVSHFLILHV³$QGVR
XVLQJWKHVPDOOFRPSDVVIRUWKHVPDOOZRUNDQGWKHODUJHFRPSDVVIRUWKHODUJHRQH
>WKHDUFKLWHFW@ZLOOWUDQVODWHWKHVPDOOWKLQJLQJUHDWVKDSHZLWKRXWIDLO6HUOLR
A gli lettori
$VQRWHGWKHGRRUV¶WKHPHLVUHFXUUHQWLQWKHERRNVE\6HUOLRLQFKURQRORJLFDORUGHU
LWDSSHDUVLQ%RRN,9GHGLFDWHGWRWKHILYHDUFKLWHFWXUDORUGHUVLQ%RRN,,,
ZKLFK FRQWDLQV 5RPDQ DQWLTXLWLHV VXUYH\V LQ %RRN , ZKHUH WKH
SULQFLSOHVRIJHRPHWU\DUHH[SRVHGDQGILQDOO\LQWKHExtraordinario Libro
7KHDQDO\VLVRIWKHWKHPHDFFRUGLQJWRWKLVVHTXHQFHFRXOGUHYHDOWKHSURJUHVVLYH
PDWXUDWLRQRIDFRPSRVLWLRQDOPHWKRGIXOO\DSSOLHGLQWKHExtraordinario Libro
,QWKHFRQFOXGLQJSDUWRI%RRN,6HUOLRLOOXVWUDWHVVRPHDSSOLFDWLRQVRIJHRPHWU\
DPRQJZKLFKWKHad quadratumPHWKRGXVHGWRSURSRUWLRQWKHPDLQGRRURIDWHPSOH
7KHJHQHUDOGLPHQVLRQVRIWKHGRRUDUHUXOHGE\WKHZLGWKRIWKHFHQWUDOQDYHWKURXJK
WKHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIDVTXDUHZKHUHWKHGLDJRQDOVDQGWKHLQVFULEHGLVRVFHOHVWULDQJOH
GHILQHWKHWZRGLPHQVLRQVRIWKHRSHQLQJDQGWKHSURSRUWLRQDOUHODWLRQVEHWZHHQLWV
ZLGWK DQG WKH FRUQLFH DQG EHWZHHQ LWV ZLGWK DQG WKH KHLJKW RI WKH W\PSDQXP
:LWWNRZHUKLJKOLJKWVDQHVVHQWLDODVSHFWRIWKLV6HUOLRVJHRPHWULFOD\RXWWKHJUDSKLF
FRQVWUXFWLRQOHDGVWRILQLWHVXEGLYLVLRQVRIWKHVTXDUHWKDWUXOHVWKHFRPSRVLWLRQRI
WKHGRRUZKLFKGRHVQRWUHTXLUHDGUDZLQJDQGFRQFOXGHVWKDWLWIROORZVUDWKHUWKDQ
SUHFHGHVWKHUHODWLRQVKLSVFKRVHQIRUWKHSRUWDO:LWWNRZHU,Q%RRN,
DQRWKHUVLJQLILFDQWSDVVDJHIRUWKLVUHVHDUFKLVUHODWHGWRVHYHQPDLQTXDGUDQJXODU
SURSRUWLRQVWKDWLGHQWLI\WKHUDWLREHWZHHQWKHWZRVLGHVRIDUHFWDQJOHLQVSLUHGLQ
SDUWE\PXVLFDOKDUPRQLHV
&RQFOXVLRQ
,QWKHLQFLSLWRI%RRN,GHYRWHGWRJHRPHWU\6HUOLRVWDWHV³:KDWHYHULVQHFHVVDU\
IRUDQ\SHUVRQWKHYHU\DUWRI*HRPHWU\FDQWHVWLI\WRDOOWKRVHZKRKDYHZRUNHG
ZLWKRXWLWDQGWKHQKDYHFRPHWRVRPHFRJQLWLRQRIVXFKDUWWKRVHZKRWUXO\FRQIHVV
WKDWDOOWKHWKLQJVWKH\ZHUHWKLQNLQJRIDQGGRQHZLWKRXW*HRPHWU\ZHUHZLWKRXW
DQ\DUWDGYHQWXURXVO\DQGFDVXDOO\´6HUOLR'HGLFDWLRQWRWKHUHDGHU
7KLVFRQWULEXWLRQDQGLQOLJKWRIWKHFHQWUDOUROHWKDW6HUOLRDWWULEXWHVWRJHRPHWU\LQ
DUFKLWHFWXUHRIIHUVDQRULJLQDODQDO\VLVWKDWZRUNVZLWKWKHVDPHWRROV
)LJD&HVDULDQRHGLWLRQRIDe architecturaE\9LWUXYLXVV\QRSWLFWDEOHRIWKH
RUGHUVE6HUOLR%RRN,9V\QRSWLFWDEOHRIWKHRUGHUVF6HUOLR%RRN,
JHRPHWULFSURSRUWLRQRIDSRUWDOGH6HUOLR%RRN,9DUFKLWHFWXUDORUGHUVDSSOLHGWRWKH
SRUWDOVIJ6HUOLR%RRN,,,VXUYH\VRI5RPDQDUFKHVK6HUOLRExtraordinario LibroµGHOLFDWH¶GRRUL6HUOLRExtraordinario LibroµUXVWLF¶GRRU
)LJ*UDSKLFDODQDO\VLVDSSOLHGWRWKHGRRUVµUXVWLF¶,DDQGµGHOLFDWH¶;9,,,E7KH
DQDO\VLVLVDLPHGDWFRPSDULQJWH[WDQGLPDJHVRIWKHWUHDWLVHLWKLJKOLJKWVWKHUHODWLRQVKLSV
EHWZHHQWKHSURSRUWLRQDOFULWHULDRIVXEVHTXHQWSDUWLWLRQVRIWKHPRGXOHDQGWKDWZKLFK
UHIHUVWRGLPHQVLRQV2QWKHOHIWRIWKHSODWHVWKHSDUWLWLRQLQWRWKHµFRQVWUXFWLYHOHYHO¶ZLWK
DEODFNKHDY\OLQHDQGWKHµIXQFWLRQDOOHYHO¶ZLWKDEODFNWKLQKLGGHQOLQH7KHHOHPHQWV
SURSRUWLRQHGRQWKHXQLWRIPHDVXUHPHQWIHHWDUHLQEOXHDQGWKRVHSURSRUWLRQHGRQWKH
PRGXOHDUHLQUHG:LWKDKHDY\OLQHWKHHOHPHQWVSURSRUWLRQHGDQGGHVFULEHGE\6HUOLRLQ
WKHWH[WZLWKDGRWWHGOLQHWKHLQWHUSUHWDWLRQVRQWKHSURSRUWLRQDOLW\PDGHE\WKHDXWKRUV
*UDSKLFDODQDO\VLVFRQILUPVWKHFRQVLVWHQF\EHWZHHQWH[WDQGGUDZLQJVLWLVXVHGDV
DPHGLDWLRQWRROEHWZHHQWZRSURSRUWLRQDOFULWHULDWKDWRIVXEVHTXHQWSDUWLWLRQVRI
WKHPRGXOHDQGWKDWZKLFKUHIHUVWRGLPHQVLRQV0RUHRYHUWKHDQDO\VLVKLJKOLJKWV
SXQFWXDOFRUUHVSRQGHQFHRIWKHGLPHQVLRQVZLWKWKHH[DFWIUDFWLRQRIWKHPRGXOH
:LWWNRZHUVUHPDUNVWRJHWKHUZLWKWKHIDFWWKDWLQWKHExtaordinario Libro6HUOLR
GRHVQRWH[SODLQWKHUROHRIJHRPHWU\DVDFRPSRVLWLRQDOFULWHULRQEXWUHIHUVWRLWE\
HVWDEOLVKLQJDGGLWLRQDOJHRPHWULFUHODWLRQVEHWZHHQWKHSDUWVIRUH[DPSOHEHWZHHQ
KHLJKWDQGZLGWKRIWKHRSHQLQJVWKDWLVDGRXEOHVTXDUHVXSSRUWVWKHFKRLFHWRFDUU\
RXWWKHJUDSKLFDODQDO\VLVWKURXJKERWKWKHFRPELQDWLRQRIWKHPHWULFDQGPRGXODU
GDWDUHSRUWHGLQWKHWH[WDQGWKHa posterioriJHRPHWULFUHDGLQJFRPSDULQJWKHUHVXOWV
,QWKHExtraordinario LibroWKHUHODWLRQVKLSHVWDEOLVKHGEHWZHHQPRGXOHDQGXQLWRI
PHDVXUHPHQWPDNHPRUHFRPSOH[WKHLQWHJUDWLRQRIWKHWZRFULWHULDJHRPHWULFDQG
PRGXODULQVRPHFDVHVWKHad quadratumPHWKRGLVLGHQWLILDEOHLQGHWHUPLQLQJWKH
RSHQLQJVZLGWKRUWKHNH\VWRQHVKHLJKWRUWKHHQWDEODWXUHVKHLJKWEXWLWVHHPVWR
ORVHLWVYDOXHRIUHJXODWRU\FULWHULRQRIWKHZKROHFRPSRVLWLRQ
7KHLQWHUSUHWDWLYHWRROVEDVHGRQGUDZLQJDQGJHRPHWU\FRQILUPLQRXURSLQLRQKRZ
WKH FUHDWLYH SURFHVV DGRSWHG E\ 6HUOLRFRQVWDQWO\ WDNHVLQWRDFFRXQW WKH9LWUXYLDQ
OHVVRQHYHQZKHQWKHOLFHQVHLVSULYLOHJHGLWSURGXFHVFRQWUROOHGUHVXOWVGHULYHG
IURPDQRYHUDOORUJDQL]DWLRQWKDWLVQRWHYLGHQWLQWKHWH[W7KHUHIRUHUHGUDZLQJLVD
KHXULVWLFWRROWKDWFULWLFDOO\JRHVEDFNWRWKHFRPSRVLWLRQDOSURFHVVRIWKHPRGHOVDQG
KLJKOLJKWV LWV ORJLF WUDFLQJ VHTXHQFHV VWUXFWXUHV DQG KLHUDUFKLHV WKURXJK WKH
VHOHFWLRQRILQIRUPDWLRQDQGJUDSKLFDOV\QWKHVLV
5HIHUHQFHV
&DUSR 0 La maschera e il modello: teoria architettonica ed evangelismo nell’Extraordinario Libro di Sebastiano Serlio (1551)0LODQ-DFD%RRN
&KLWKDP5The Classical Orders of Architecture0LODQ5L]]ROL
'H )XVFR 5 Il Codice dell’Architettura. Antologia di Trattatisti 1DSOHV
(GL]LRQL6FLHQWLILFKH,WDOLDQH
0LJOLDUL5,OGLVHJQRGHJOLRUGLQLHLOULOLHYRGHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUDFODVVLFD&LQTXH
3H]]L)DFLOLDisegnare. Idee. Immagini
5RVFL0Il trattato di architettura di Sebastiano Serlio0LODQ,7(&
6HUOLR6Extraordinario Libro di Architettura/\RQ3HU*LRYDQGH7RXUQHV
6HUOLR6L’architettura: i libri I-VII e Extraordinario nelle prime edizioni
)LRUH)3HG0LODQ,O3ROLILOR
7DIXUL 0 L’architettura del Manierismo nel Cinquecento europeo 5RPH
2IILFLQD
7KRHQHV&HGSebastiano Serlio. Sesto seminario internazionale di storia dell’architettura &RQIHUHQFH SURFHHGLQJV 9LFHQ]D DJRVWR± VHWWHPEUH
0LODQ(OHFWD
:LWWNRZHU 5 Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism /RQGRQ
:DUEXUJ ,QVWLWXWH ,WDOLDQ WUDQVO Principi architettonici nell'età dell'Umanesimo7XULQ(LQDXGL