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Physics
Letters
B
www.elsevier.com/locate/physletb
Search
for
leptophobic
Z
bosons
decaying
into
four-lepton
final
states
in
proton–proton
collisions
at
√
s
=
8
TeV
.TheCMS Collaboration CERN,Switzerland
a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t ra c t
Articlehistory: Received5January2017
Receivedinrevisedform30April2017 Accepted24August2017
Availableonline6September2017 Editor:M.Doser Keywords: LHC CMS Physics Exotica Z Fourleptons
Asearchforheavynarrowresonancesdecayingintofour-leptonfinalstateshasbeenperformedusing proton–proton collision data at √s=8TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integratedluminosityof19.7 fb−1.Noexcessofeventsoverthestandardmodelbackgroundexpectation isobserved.Upperlimitsforabenchmarkmodelontheproductofcrosssectionandbranchingfraction forthe productionoftheseheavynarrowresonances arepresented.The limitexcludesleptophobicZ bosonswithmassesbelow2.5 TeV withinthebenchmarkmodel.Thisisthefirstresult toconstraina leptophobicZresonanceinthefour-leptonchannel.
©2017TheAuthor(s).PublishedbyElsevierB.V.ThisisanopenaccessarticleundertheCCBYlicense (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).FundedbySCOAP3.
1. Introduction
Extensionsofthestandardmodel(SM)thatincorporateoneor moreextra Abeliangauge groups predictthe existence ofone or more neutral gauge bosons [1,2]. These occur naturally in most grandunifiedtheories.Heavyneutralbosonsarealsopredictedin modelswithextraspatial dimensions[3,4],e.g. Randall–Sundrum models [5,6], where these resonances may arise from Kaluza– Klein excitations of a graviton. Searches for heavy neutral reso-nances at hadron colliders, and most recently atthe CERN LHC, are typically performedusing the dijet [7–10], dilepton [11–14], diphoton [15–17], diboson [18–24], and tt [25–28] final states. The dilepton channel provides a clean signal compared withthe dijetand tt channels. However, in leptophobic Z models, where theZ doesnotcouple toSM leptons, thedileptonlimitsare not applicable. Although searches based on the dijet final state re-mainapplicable,theysufferfromlargedijetbackgroundproduced byquantumchromodynamics(QCD) subprocesses.Weextendthe searchforheavy neutralvector bosonsby consideringpossible Z decaysinto newparticles predicted by various theoretical exten-sionsoftheSM.
InthisLetter, wereportona searchforaleptophobic Z reso-nancethatdecaysintofourleptonsviacascadedecaysasdescribed
E-mailaddress:cms-publication-committee-chair@cern.ch.
Fig. 1. LeadingorderFeynmandiagramfortheproductionandcascadedecayofaZ resonancetoafour-leptonfinalstate.
inRef.[29].Inthismodel,theZiscoupledtoquarkpairsbutnot toleptonpairs,andcanbeproducedwithalargecrosssectionat theLHC. Thesenon-standard Z resonances alsodecaytopairs of newscalarbosons(ϕ)eachofwhichsubsequentlydecaystopairs of leptons (ϕ→ , where and=e or μ). Fig. 1 shows the leading-order Feynman diagramfor theproductionoffour-lepton finalstatesviaaZresonanceatahadroncollider.The reconstruc-tion of the ϕ bosons inthe dilepton channel is inefficientif the differencebetweenZand ϕmassesislargeandthetwodaughter leptons are consequently highly collimated. In thefollowing sec-tionswedescribeatechniquetoincreasetheselectionefficiency.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2017.08.069
0370-2693/©2017TheAuthor(s).PublishedbyElsevierB.V.ThisisanopenaccessarticleundertheCCBYlicense(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Fundedby SCOAP3.
Theanalysisisasearch forheavynarrowresonancesdecaying into four isolated final state leptons. The benchmark model [29] assumes(/M<1%),corresponding toa naturalwidth ofthe Z resonancethat ismuch smaller thanthe detectorresolution.The followingfinalstatesareconsidered: μμμμ, μμμe, μμee, μeee, andeeee.The μμee, μμμe and μeee channelsareincludedto al-low forthe possibilityof lepton flavor violation(LFV) [30–32] in thedecays ofthe newscalarbosons. InthisLetter, we set limits ontheproductofthecrosssectionandbranchingfractionfor pro-ductionanddecaytofourleptons,andinterprettheresultsinthe contextofthebenchmarkmodeldescribedabove[29].
2. The CMS detector
The central feature of the CMS apparatus is a superconduct-ing solenoidof 6 m internal diameter, providinga magnetic field of3.8 T. Withinthe solenoidvolume area siliconpixel andstrip tracker,aleadtungstatecrystalelectromagneticcalorimeter(ECAL), anda brass andscintillator hadron calorimeter (HCAL).Each de-tector is composed of a barreland two endcap sections. Muons are measured in gas-ionization detectors embedded in the steel flux-returnyokeoutsidethesolenoid.Extensiveforward calorime-trycomplementsthecoverageprovided bythebarrelandendcap detectors.
Muons are measured in the range |η|<2.4 with detection planes made using three technologies: drift tubes, cathode strip chambers,andresistive-platechambers.Matchingmuonstotracks measured inthesilicontrackerresultsin arelative pT resolution formuonswith 20<pT<100GeV of 1.3–2.0%in the barreland better than6% inthe endcaps.The pT resolutionin thebarrelis betterthan10%formuonswithpT upto1 TeV[33].
The ECAL consistsof 75 848 crystals that provide coverage in pseudorapidity|η|<1.48 inabarrelregion(EB)and1.48<|η|<
3.00 in two endcap regions (EE). The electron momentum is es-timatedby combiningtheenergymeasurementin theECALwith themomentummeasurementinthetracker.Themomentum reso-lutionforelectronswithtransversemomentum pT≈45GeV from Z→e+e− decays ranges from 1.7% for nonshowering electrons (approximately 30%) in the barrel region to 4.5% for showering electrons(approximately60%)intheendcaps[34].
AmoredetaileddescriptionoftheCMSdetector,togetherwith adefinitionofthecoordinatesystemused andthe relevant kine-maticvariables,canbefoundinRef.[35].
3. The simulated event samples
TheMonteCarlo(MC)generatorprogram usedtoproducethe simulated event samples for the benchmark model is CalcHEP 3.4.1[36]interfacedwith pythia 6.4.24[37].Thesesamplesare di-videdintofivedecaychannels(μμμμ, μμμe, μμee, μeee,eeee) fordifferentZ bosonmasses(mZ)rangingfrom250to3000 GeV in increments of 250 GeV. The benchmark model assumes that new particles other than Z and ϕ are heavy enough not to af-fecttheproductionanddecayoftheZboson.SignalMC samples are produced withsixdifferentvalues ofthe ϕ mass (mϕ ),with
mϕ=50GeV used as the reference mass value in the interpre-tationof the results.An importantfeature of thisanalysis isthe presenceofa “boostedsignature”associated withthe collimation ofthetwoleptons comingfromthesameparent particleand re-sultingfromthelargedifferencebetweenmZ andmϕ .Inaddition, samplesare generated withmϕ masses of 5,10,20,30 and40% ofmZ,forwhich,inmostcases,thecontributionfromtheboosted signatureis lessimportant.Theproductoftheleading order(LO) signalcrosssection andbranchingfractionineachchannel varies with mZ (from 250 to 3000 GeV) as follows: μμμμ and eeee
from0.8 pb to3.0×10−6pb, μμee from12.3 pb to4.7×10−5pb, and μμμe and μeee from3.1 pb to1.2×10−5pb.Thebranching fractionof ϕ→ issetto1andthereforeonlytheleptonic de-caychannelsareconsidered.ThesesignalMCsamplesareusedto optimizeeventselection,evaluatesignal efficienciesandcalculate exclusionlimits.
The dominant SM backgroundis the production of ZZ decay-ing intofour leptons.The qq-induced ZZ production isgenerated using the pythia event generator andthe gg-induced production using the gg2zz program [38]. Additional backgrounds from di-boson production(WW and WZ) aregenerated with pythia,and from top quark production (tt, tW, and tW) are generated with powheg1.0[39].Otherprocesses,suchasttZ andtriboson produc-tion(WWγ,WWZ,WZZ,andZZZ),aregeneratedwith MadGraph 5.1.3.30 [40]. Simulated eventsamples are normalized using the integratedluminosity andhigher ordertheoretical crosssections: next-to-next-to-leadingorderfortt[41] andnext-to-leadingorder forZZ[42]andtheotherbackgrounds.
TheMCsamplesaregeneratedusingtheCTEQ6L[43]setof par-ton distributionfunctions(PDFs)andthe pythia Z2*tune [44,45] in ordertomodelthe protonstructureandtheunderlying event. The samples are then processedwith thefull CMS detector sim-ulationsoftware,basedon Geant4[46,47],whichincludestrigger simulationandeventreconstruction.
4. Event selection
The 2012 data set of proton–protoncollisions at √s=8TeV, correspondingtoanintegratedluminosityof19.7 fb−1,isusedfor the analysis. Data are collected withlepton triggers with various
pT thresholds. The trigger used for the muon-enriched channels (μμμμ, μμμe) requiresthepresence ofatleastone muon can-didate with pT>40GeV and |η|<2.1. The trigger used for the electron-enriched channels (μeee,eeee) requires two clusters of energy deposits inthe ECAL withtransverse energy ET>33GeV each.Forthe μμee channel,thetriggerrequiresbothan electron andamuonwithpT>22GeV.
In the subsequent analysis, events are required to contain a reconstructed primary vertex (PV) with at least four associated tracks,anditsr (z)coordinatesarerequiredtobewithin2 (24) cm of thenominalinteraction point.The PVis definedasthevertex withthehighestsumofp2Tfortheassociatedtracks.Weselectthe eventswithfour leptonsin thefinal state,where theleptons are identifiedby theselectioncriteriadescribed below.The two lead-ing leptons are required to have pT>45GeV to ensure that the trigger is fullyefficient forthe selected events. Thisrequirement hasanegligibleeffectonthesignalacceptance.Thetwo sublead-ingleptonsarerequiredtohavepT>30GeV.Thischoicebalances lossofefficiencyagainstincreasedmisidentificationprobability.All four leptons mustsatisfy |η|<2.4.No charge requirementis ap-pliedtotheleptonselection.
Muoncandidatesarereconstructedbyacombinedfitincluding hits in both tracking andmuon detectors (“global muons”) [33]. The tracksassociatedwithglobalmuonsarerequiredtohavethe following properties: at least one pixel detector hit, at least six strip trackerlayers with hits, at leastone muon chamber hit, at leasttwomuondetectorplaneswithmuonsegments,atransverse impact parameterofthetrackertrack|dxy|<0.2 cm withrespect tothePV,alongitudinaldistanceofthetrackertrack|dz|<0.5 cm withrespecttothePV,andδpT/pT<0.3 whereδpT isthe uncer-tainty inthe measured pT of thetrack. All muon candidates are requiredtobeisolated.Amuonisconsideredisolatedifthescalar
pT sumofalltrackswithinaconeof R<0.3 aroundthemuon, excluding the muon candidate itself,does not exceed10% of the
muon pT,where R=
( φ)2+ ( η)2.Ifthereisa second lep-toncandidatewithinacone R<0.3,weremoveitscontribution. Anelectroncandidateisidentifiedbymatchingaclusterinthe ECAL to a track in the silicon tracker [34]. Identification criteria are applied to suppress jetsmisidentified as electrons. Electrons are required to pass the following criteria:the profile of energy depositionintheECALshouldbeconsistentwithanelectron,the sumofHCAL energydeposits behind the ECALcluster should be lessthan10% oftheassociatedECALdeposit,thetrackassociated withtheclustershouldhavenomorethanonehitmissinginthe pixel detectorlayers and |dxy| should be less than 0.02 cm with respecttotheselectedPV. Allelectroncandidatesarerequiredto beisolatedusingthefollowingdefinition:withinacone R<0.3 aroundthetrackoftheelectroncandidate,thepTsumofallother tracksisrequiredtobelessthan5 GeV andtheETsumofthe en-ergiesofthecalorimeterdepositsthatarenotassociatedwiththe candidateisrequiredtobelessthan5%ofthecandidate’sET.This differsfromthe isolation requirementof3% in Ref.[13],because of the inefficiency (of approximately 6% at electron ET=1TeV) causedbyoverlapping electrons duetothehighLorentz boostof the ϕboson(mϕ=50GeV).Inaddition,ifthedirectionofthe sec-ond lepton candidate falls within the isolation cone of the first ( R<0.3),thecontributionsitmakestobothpTandETare sub-tractedwhenimposingtheisolationrequirements.
Thekinematicdistributions ofthefinal-stateparticlesare sim-ilar for all five channels. The final state consists of two leading leptons withhigh pT andtwo subleading leptons withrelatively low pT. The two leptons from the same parent ϕ boson can be highlyLorentzboostedifmϕ issignificantlysmallerthanmZ.This featureisgenerallyfound forhigh-mass (mZ>1TeV)samplesin thecaseofmϕ=50GeV.Thisboostedsignature introduces a sig-nificantinefficiencyfortheeventselectionexceptfortheLFVcase (ϕ decayingintoeμ).To takeinto accountthe boostedsignature for ϕ decayinginto μμ,one ofthemuon candidatesselected by theabove criteriaisallowedtobereconstructedonlyasatracker muon, a track in the tracker matched to track segments in the muonsystem(“trackermuons”)[33],ifthetwomuonsareasclose as R<0.4.Insuchexceptionalcases,therequirementsofatleast onemuonchamberhitandatleasttwomuondetectorplaneswith muonsegmentsarenotappliedtothetrackermuon.
Theboostedsignature fora ϕ decaying intoee is muchmore complicated since the electrons can easily merge into a single cluster in the ECAL. In this case, only one electron candidate is reconstructedfromthetwo original electrons.The probabilityfor having a merged candidate is about 50% with mZ =3TeV and
mϕ=50GeV. Theseevents wouldbe rejectedby the four-lepton requirement,introducingalargesignal inefficiency.Toselectsuch events,an electron candidate having a ratio of ECAL cluster en-ergytotrackmomentumlarger than1.5andasecond trackwith
pT>30GeV withinaconeof R(electron, track)<0.25,is consid-eredasa“mergedelectron”.Eventsareacceptedwiththree(two) leptons if they contain one (two) merged electron(s), since each mergedelectron is considered tocontribute two electrons to the total.Inorder to avoidsignificant misidentification, merged elec-tronsareonlyconsiderediftheECALclusterenergyisbiggerthan 500 GeV.
ThedominantbackgroundinthisanalysisarisesfromZZ events decaying into four leptons. To suppress this background, events withtwooppositely chargedsame-flavorleptonpairsare rejected ifthemassoftheleptonpair,m,isintherange89–93 GeV.The
Z masswindow is madeas narrow aspossible inorder to min-imisedegradation ofthesignal efficiencyinthe caseofmϕ≈mZ. This requirement results in negligible signal efficiency loss for
mZ>500GeV.At lower masses,the efficiencylossincreases and isapproximately20 (7)% atmZ=250GeV forthe eeee(μμμμ)
channel.Morethan70%(30%)oftheZZ backgroundisrejectedby themasswindow vetorequirementinthe muon(electron) chan-nel.This requirementisnot appliedto themerged electroncase, thus accounting forthe difference in rejection efficiency for the twochannels.
The event selection efficiency is 50–70% (μμμμ), 55–65% (μμμe and μμee) and45–65% (μeee and eeee)throughout the range mZ>1TeV for mϕ=50GeV. Below mZ =1TeV, the effi-ciency decreases rapidly because ofthe effect on the acceptance ofthekinematicrequirements.Heaviermϕ valuescorrespondtoa lessboostedsignatureandthereforeareselectedwithahigher ef-ficiency.FormZ>2 TeV,theefficiencyfortheothermϕ samplesis approximately10–15%(1–5%)higherintheelectron(muon) chan-nelsthanforthemϕ=50GeV scenario,wheretherangeofvalues reflects the variation withmZ. For mZ<1TeV, the contribution fromboostedeventsisnotsignificantandtheefficiencyissimilar forallvaluesofmϕ considered.
5. Background estimation
Mostofthe SMbackgrounds are suppressedby requiringfour isolated high-quality lepton candidates. As discussed above, the dominantbackgroundisfromZZ eventsdecayingintofourleptons. Otherbackgroundsoriginatefromtopquarkeventswithtwo gen-uineleptonsandtwoleptoncandidatesarisingfrommisidentified jets,andfromWW (WZ)eventsthatcontaintwo(one) misidenti-fiedor nonpromptleptons fromjets. Inthecaseof triboson pro-duction, there may be four genuine leptons in the event. These backgroundsareestimatedusingMCsimulation.
Thecontributionfromeventswithmorethantwoleptons aris-ing frommisidentified jets is expected to be small because this analysisrequiresfourisolatedleptonsinthefinal state.This back-groundisestimatedusingthe“misidentificationrate”method de-scribedinRef.[13].Themisidentificationratemeasuredasa func-tion ofelectron ET inthe barrelandendcapis appliedto events withelectroncandidatespassingthetriggerbutfailingthefull se-lection.Thecontributionfromjetbackgroundsestimatedusingthis procedureisfoundtobenegligible.
Fig. 2showsthe four-lepton invariant mass (m4) distribution
forselectedevents.Thenumberofobservedeventsandestimated backgrounds are summarized in Table 1. As shown inthe figure andtable,thedistributionofobservedeventsisinagreementwith the expected backgrounds. The table shows two different mass ranges.In theregionm4>1TeV, thebackgroundsfromSM
pro-cessesareverysmall,typicallylessthanoneevent.
6. Results
No excess ofeventsis observedinthe datasample compared to the SM expectations and exclusion limits at 95% confidence level (CL)are calculated in thecontext of thebenchmark model. The signal region consists of events with four leptons (e or μ) with|η|<2.4: thetwo leading (subleading)leptons are required to have pT>45(30)GeV.ABayesian approach isadoptedwitha likelihoodfunctiondefinedwithasignalstrengthmodifier,aprior probability,andaset ofnuisanceparameters. Theprior probabil-itydistributionforthesignalcrosssectionispositiveanduniform, sincethisisknowntoresultingoodfrequentistcoverage proper-ties.Thesystematicuncertaintiesassociatedwiththebackgrounds, selectionefficiencyandluminosityaretreatedasnuisance param-eterswithlog-normalpriordistributions[48].Alimitonthesignal contributionisderivedbyinterpretingthelikelihoodfunctionasa probability distributionandintegratingover this.The coverage of the95%CLassignedtothelimithasbeencheckedusingaMarkov chainMonteCarlomethod.
Fig. 2. Them4spectrumforthecombinationofthefivestudiedchannels.Thepointswithverticalbarsrepresentthedataandtheassociatedstatisticaluncertainties;the histogramsrepresenttheexpectationsfromSMprocesses;“Topquark”denotesthesumoftheeventsfortt,tW,ttZ processes;“EW”denotesthesumoftheeventsfrom WW, WZ, WWγ, WWZ, WZZ,andZZZ processes.TheinsetshowstheexpectationfromthebenchmarkmodelforasignalatmZ=2.5TeV withmϕ=50GeV.
Table 1
Summaryoftheobservedyieldandexpectedbackgroundsforallchannels,whereNobsisthenumberofobservedevents
indata.Thetotalbackground(Ntot)isthesumofthreedifferentbackgroundsthatareestimatedusingMCsimulations;
NZZreferstothebackgroundfromZZ events;Ntisthebackgroundfromtt,singletopquark,andttZ production;NEWis
thebackgroundfromWW andWZ,andtriplegaugebosonproduction.Thequoteduncertaintiesarestatisticalonly. Channel 0.1<m4<1.0 TeV m4>1.0 TeV
Nobs SM backgrounds Nobs Ntot
NZZ Nt NEW Ntot Z→μμμμ 3 4.9±0.3 0.9±0.5 – 5.9±0.6 0 – Z→μμμe 6 0.4±0.1 1.3±0.6 1.2±0.3 2.9±0.7 0 – Z→μμee 12 9.3±0.4 3.0±1.5 1.2±0.3 13.5±1.6 0 0.1±0.1 Z→μeee 2 0.2±0.1 0.4±0.1 0.6±0.2 1.2±0.2 0 0.1±0.1 Z→eeee 9 15.0±0.5 0.2±0.1 0.2±0.1 15.4±0.5 0 0.2±0.1 Combined 32 29.9±0.7 5.7±1.9 3.3±0.5 38.9±2.1 0 0.4±0.2
Thesystematicuncertaintiesaredominatedbytheuncertainties inthe backgroundestimates andin thelepton selection efficien-cies.TheuncertaintyintheMCestimationofthemainbackground cross section (ZZ and tt) arising from higher-order QCD correc-tions andchoice of PDFsis 15%. In orderto be conservative, we choose to double this figure and assign an uncertainty of 30% fromthissource.Thesystematicuncertaintyinthemuonselection efficiencyincluding reconstruction, identification, and isolation is 0.5% [33]. The uncertainties in the electron selection efficiency are 0.7% (0.6%) for electrons below 100 GeV in EB (EE) and1.4% (0.4%)forelectrons above100 GeV inEB (EE) [13].The uncertain-ties due to the lepton efficiency in both signal and background yields vary between 2.2% and2.7% as a function of m4.
Includ-ing theeffectof themerged leptonsignature, a total uncertainty of10%intheeventselectionefficiencyisassignedforeach chan-nel.Theimpactoftheuncertaintyintheelectronenergyscaleon signal (background) yield is 1% (0.5%) [13]. Uncertainties in the muonmomentumscaleandmassresolutionsarebelow0.1%[33]. Theuncertaintyintheintegratedluminosityisassignedtobe2.6% [49].Inthisanalysis,thestatisticaluncertaintiesaredominantand the systematic uncertainties have a small impact on the results. Wetestedtherobustnessofthelimitsbydoublingthevalues as-sumedforthe systematicuncertainties. Weobserved anegligible
change in the calculated limits, andconclude that the limitsare insensitivetoanyunderestimationofthesystematicuncertainties. Limits on the product of crosssection andbranching fraction are set in the context of the benchmark model asa function of
m4. The natural width of the Z resonance is assumed to be
smaller than the mass resolutionof the detectorin all channels. The detector resolution in the μμμμ channel varies from 1.1% at m4=250GeV to 7.5% at m4=3TeV, and it has a constant
value of about 0.6% over this range in the eeee channel. In the limit calculation, we set the mass window to be six times the massresolutioncentredaround thesignalmasspoint considered. Acountingexperimentisperformedforthelimitcalculation.Fig. 3 shows the upper limits on the product of the cross section and branchingfraction,forthecombinationofallfivechannels,forthe massrangeconsideredinthebenchmarkmodelofRef.[29].Inthe framework ofthis model,we translate thesecross section upper limits into lower limits on the Z boson mass. Forthe combina-tion of thefive channels, the value obtainedfor thislower mass limitis2.5 TeV.Theblacksolid(dashed)lineindicatestheobserved (expected) 95% CL upper limits, the inner (outer) band indicates the ±1(2) standard deviationuncertainty inthe expectedlimits, and the blue dashed line shows the theoretical Z cross section for mϕ=50GeV.This theoretical cross section is calculated un-der thebenchmarkmodelassumptionthat thebranchingfraction
Fig. 3. The95%CLupperlimitonthe crosssection timesbranchingfractionas afunctionofm4forthecombinationofthefivechannels:fullmassrange(top) andexpandedviewofthelowmassregion(bottom).Theshaded green(yellow) bandindicates theone(two)sigmauncertaintyintheexpectedlimits.Theblue dashedlinerepresentsthetheoreticalpredictionsforthebenchmarkmodel[29]for mϕ=50GeV.(Forinterpretationofthereferencestocolourinthisfigurelegend, thereaderisreferredtothewebversionofthisarticle.)
Table 2
The95%CLlowerlimits(inTeV)onmZforthefiveseparatechannelsandfortheir
combination.Results arepresentedforthe benchmarkassumptionmϕ=50GeV, andforthefivedifferentvaluesoftheratiomϕ/mZ.
mϕ 50 GeV 0.05mZ 0.1mZ 0.2mZ 0.3mZ 0.4mZ μμμμ 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 μμμe 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 μμee 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 μeee 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 eeee 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 Combined 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6
B(ϕ→ )=100%.In theregion abovethe 1–1.5 TeV,thebands arenotvisiblesincebackgroundsarenegligiblehere.
Table 2 shows the exclusion limit on mZ for the five sepa-ratechannels andforthe combination. Results are presented for the benchmark assumptionmϕ=50GeV,and forthe five differ-entvalues of theratio mϕ /mZ assumed forthe generated signal samples, taking into account the event selection efficiencies de-scribed above.The predicted cross sectionsdecrease asthe ratio
mϕ /mZ increases.Thecontributionofthemergedleptonsignature
alsodecreases,resultinginanoverallefficiencyincrease.Therefore
the scenarios withmϕ/mZ=5, 10, 20,30 and 40% of mZ, give slightlyhigherlimitsthanthemϕ=50GeV scenario.
7. Summary
Results have been presented froma search for heavy narrow resonances decaying into four-lepton final states via intermedi-ate scalar particles ϕ, where the branching fraction of ϕ →
(=e or μ) is setto 1. These resultsare basedon a sample of proton–proton collision data at √s=8TeV, corresponding to an integratedluminosityof19.7 fb−1.The four-leptoninvariant mass spectraareconsistentwiththestandardmodelpredictions.Masses ofZ’bosonshavebeenexcludedat95%confidencelevelfora spe-cific benchmark model withmϕ=50GeV, and for five different assumptions for the ratio mϕ/mZ (mϕ/mZ=5, 10, 20, 30 and 40%). Five decay channels (μμμμ, μμμe, μμee, μeee,eeee) are considered inthisanalysis. Combining all channels, alower limit on the Z mass of 2.5TeV is obtained forthe benchmark model, and2.6TeV foreachofthemodelsassumingafixedratiobetween
mϕ and mZ. Thisis thefirst result toconstrain a leptophobic Z
resonanceinthefour-leptonchannel.
Acknowledgements
WecongratulateourcolleaguesintheCERNaccelerator depart-ments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technicalandadministrative staffsatCERN andatother CMS in-stitutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. Inaddition,wegratefullyacknowledgethecomputingcentresand personneloftheWorldwideLHCComputingGridfordeliveringso effectivelythe computinginfrastructureessential to ouranalyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construc-tionandoperation oftheLHC andtheCMSdetectorprovidedby thefollowingfundingagencies:BMWFWandFWF(Austria);FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); COLCIEN-CIAS(Colombia);MSESandCSF(Croatia);RPF(Cyprus);SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Fin-land,MEC,andHIP(Finland);CEAandCNRS/IN2P3(France);BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NIH (Hun-gary);DAEandDST(India);IPM(Iran);SFI(Ireland);INFN(Italy); MSIPandNRF(RepublicofKorea);LAS (Lithuania);MOEandUM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV,CONACYT, LNS, SEP, andUASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland);FCT(Portugal);JINR(Dubna);MON, RosAtom,RAS,RFBR andRAEP(Russia);MESTD(Serbia);SEIDIandCPAN(Spain);Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, andNSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK andTAEK (Turkey);NASU andSFFR(Ukraine);STFC(UnitedKingdom);DOEandNSF(USA).
Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie pro-gramme and the European Research Council and EPLANET (Eu-ropean Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Founda-tion; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Fed-eral Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technolo-gie (IWT-Belgium); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) ofthe Czech Republic;the Council ofScience and Indus-trialResearch, India;the HOMING PLUSprogrammeofthe Foun-dation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Re-gional Development Fund, the Mobility Plus programme of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and 2015/19/B/ST2/ 02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the Thalis and Aristeia
programmes cofinancedby EU-ESF andthe Greek NSRF; the Na-tional Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Programa Clarín-COFUND del Principado de Asturias; theRachadapisekSompotFundforPostdoctoralFellowship, Chula-longkornUniversityandtheChulalongkornAcademicintoIts 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); and the Welch Foundation,contractC-1845.
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The CMS Collaboration
V. Khachatryan,A.M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan
YerevanPhysicsInstitute,Yerevan,Armenia
W. Adam, E. Asilar,T. Bergauer, J. Brandstetter, E. Brondolin, M. Dragicevic, J. Erö,M. Flechl, M. Friedl, R. Frühwirth1, V.M. Ghete, C. Hartl, N. Hörmann, J. Hrubec,M. Jeitler1,A. König, I. Krätschmer, D. Liko, T. Matsushita,I. Mikulec, D. Rabady, N. Rad, B. Rahbaran,H. Rohringer, J. Schieck1,J. Strauss,
W. Treberer-Treberspurg,W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz1
InstitutfürHochenergiephysik,Wien,Austria
V. Mossolov,N. Shumeiko,J. Suarez Gonzalez
NationalCentreforParticleandHighEnergyPhysics,Minsk,Belarus
S. Alderweireldt, E.A. De Wolf,X. Janssen,J. Lauwers, M. Van De Klundert, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen,N. Van Remortel, A. Van Spilbeeck
UniversiteitAntwerpen,Antwerpen,Belgium
S. Abu Zeid,F. Blekman, J. D’Hondt, N. Daci,I. De Bruyn, K. Deroover, N. Heracleous,S. Lowette, S. Moortgat, L. Moreels,A. Olbrechts,Q. Python, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders, I. Van Parijs
VrijeUniversiteitBrussel,Brussel,Belgium
H. Brun, C. Caillol, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, H. Delannoy, G. Fasanella,L. Favart, R. Goldouzian, A. Grebenyuk,G. Karapostoli,T. Lenzi, A. Léonard,J. Luetic, T. Maerschalk,A. Marinov, A. Randle-conde, T. Seva,C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer,R. Yonamine, F. Zenoni, F. Zhang2
UniversitéLibredeBruxelles,Bruxelles,Belgium
A. Cimmino,T. Cornelis, D. Dobur,A. Fagot, G. Garcia,M. Gul, D. Poyraz, S. Salva, R. Schöfbeck, A. Sharma,M. Tytgat, W. Van Driessche, E. Yazgan,N. Zaganidis
GhentUniversity,Ghent,Belgium
H. Bakhshiansohi,C. Beluffi3,O. Bondu, S. Brochet,G. Bruno, A. Caudron, S. De Visscher, C. Delaere, M. Delcourt,B. Francois, A. Giammanco, A. Jafari,P. Jez, M. Komm,V. Lemaitre, A. Magitteri, A. Mertens, M. Musich, C. Nuttens,K. Piotrzkowski, L. Quertenmont,M. Selvaggi, M. Vidal Marono, S. Wertz
UniversitéCatholiquedeLouvain,Louvain-la-Neuve,Belgium
N. Beliy
UniversitédeMons,Mons,Belgium
W.L. Aldá Júnior, F.L. Alves,G.A. Alves,L. Brito, C. Hensel,A. Moraes, M.E. Pol,P. Rebello Teles
CentroBrasileirodePesquisasFisicas,RiodeJaneiro,Brazil
E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, W. Carvalho,J. Chinellato4, A. Custódio, E.M. Da Costa, G.G. Da Silveira5, D. De Jesus Damiao,C. De Oliveira Martins, S. Fonseca De Souza, L.M. Huertas Guativa, H. Malbouisson,
D. Matos Figueiredo, C. Mora Herrera,L. Mundim, H. Nogima,W.L. Prado Da Silva, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder,E.J. Tonelli Manganote4, A. Vilela Pereira
UniversidadedoEstadodoRiodeJaneiro,RiodeJaneiro,Brazil
S. Ahujaa, C.A. Bernardesb, S. Dograa,T.R. Fernandez Perez Tomeia, E.M. Gregoresb, P.G. Mercadanteb, C.S. Moona, S.F. Novaesa, Sandra S. Padulaa, D. Romero Abadb,J.C. Ruiz Vargas
aUniversidadeEstadualPaulista,SãoPaulo,Brazil bUniversidadeFederaldoABC,SãoPaulo,Brazil
A. Aleksandrov, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev,M. Rodozov, S. Stoykova, G. Sultanov, M. Vutova
InstituteforNuclearResearchandNuclearEnergy,Sofia,Bulgaria
A. Dimitrov, I. Glushkov,L. Litov, B. Pavlov,P. Petkov
UniversityofSofia,Sofia,Bulgaria
W. Fang6
BeihangUniversity,Beijing,China
M. Ahmad, J.G. Bian, G.M. Chen, H.S. Chen,M. Chen, Y. Chen7,T. Cheng, C.H. Jiang, D. Leggat, Z. Liu, F. Romeo,S.M. Shaheen, A. Spiezia, J. Tao, C. Wang,Z. Wang, H. Zhang, J. Zhao
InstituteofHighEnergyPhysics,Beijing,China
Y. Ban, G. Chen, Q. Li, S. Liu,Y. Mao, S.J. Qian, D. Wang,Z. Xu
StateKeyLaboratoryofNuclearPhysicsandTechnology,PekingUniversity,Beijing,China
C. Avila,A. Cabrera, L.F. Chaparro Sierra, C. Florez, J.P. Gomez, C.F. González Hernández,J.D. Ruiz Alvarez, J.C. Sanabria
UniversidaddeLosAndes,Bogota,Colombia
N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak,P.M. Ribeiro Cipriano, T. Sculac
UniversityofSplit,FacultyofElectricalEngineering,MechanicalEngineeringandNavalArchitecture,Split,Croatia
Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac
UniversityofSplit,FacultyofScience,Split,Croatia
V. Brigljevic,D. Ferencek, K. Kadija,S. Micanovic, L. Sudic, T. Susa
InstituteRudjerBoskovic,Zagreb,Croatia
A. Attikis, G. Mavromanolakis, J. Mousa,C. Nicolaou, F. Ptochos, P.A. Razis,H. Rykaczewski
UniversityofCyprus,Nicosia,Cyprus
M. Finger8, M. Finger Jr.8
CharlesUniversity,Prague,CzechRepublic
E. Carrera Jarrin
UniversidadSanFranciscodeQuito,Quito,Ecuador
A.A. Abdelalim9,10, Y. Mohammed11, E. Salama12,13
B. Calpas,M. Kadastik, M. Murumaa, L. Perrini, M. Raidal, A. Tiko, C. Veelken
NationalInstituteofChemicalPhysicsandBiophysics,Tallinn,Estonia
P. Eerola,J. Pekkanen, M. Voutilainen
DepartmentofPhysics,UniversityofHelsinki,Helsinki,Finland
J. Härkönen,V. Karimäki, R. Kinnunen, T. Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini,S. Lehti, T. Lindén,P. Luukka, J. Tuominiemi,E. Tuovinen, L. Wendland
HelsinkiInstituteofPhysics,Helsinki,Finland
J. Talvitie,T. Tuuva
LappeenrantaUniversityofTechnology,Lappeenranta,Finland
M. Besancon,F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri,B. Fabbro, J.L. Faure, C. Favaro, F. Ferri, S. Ganjour, S. Ghosh,A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry, I. Kucher, E. Locci,M. Machet, J. Malcles,J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M. Titov, A. Zghiche
IRFU,CEA,UniversitéParis-Saclay,Gif-sur-Yvette,France
A. Abdulsalam,I. Antropov, S. Baffioni, F. Beaudette, P. Busson, L. Cadamuro, E. Chapon,C. Charlot, O. Davignon,R. Granier de Cassagnac, M. Jo, S. Lisniak,P. Miné, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, G. Ortona, P. Paganini,P. Pigard, S. Regnard, R. Salerno,Y. Sirois, T. Strebler, Y. Yilmaz, A. Zabi
LaboratoireLeprince-Ringuet,EcolePolytechnique,IN2P3-CNRS,Palaiseau,France
J.-L. Agram14,J. Andrea, A. Aubin,D. Bloch, J.-M. Brom,M. Buttignol, E.C. Chabert,N. Chanon, C. Collard, E. Conte14,X. Coubez, J.-C. Fontaine14, D. Gelé, U. Goerlach,A.-C. Le Bihan, K. Skovpen, P. Van Hove
InstitutPluridisciplinaireHubertCurien(IPHC),UniversitédeStrasbourg,CNRS-IN2P3,France
S. Gadrat
CentredeCalculdel’InstitutNationaldePhysiqueNucleaireetdePhysiquedesParticules,CNRS/IN2P3,Villeurbanne,France
S. Beauceron,C. Bernet, G. Boudoul,E. Bouvier, C.A. Carrillo Montoya, R. Chierici,D. Contardo, B. Courbon,P. Depasse, H. El Mamouni,J. Fan, J. Fay, S. Gascon,M. Gouzevitch, G. Grenier, B. Ille, F. Lagarde,I.B. Laktineh, M. Lethuillier,L. Mirabito, A.L. Pequegnot, S. Perries,A. Popov15,D. Sabes, V. Sordini,M. Vander Donckt, P. Verdier, S. Viret
UniversitédeLyon,UniversitéClaudeBernardLyon1,CNRS-IN2P3,InstitutdePhysiqueNucléairedeLyon,Villeurbanne,France
T. Toriashvili16
GeorgianTechnicalUniversity,Tbilisi,Georgia
Z. Tsamalaidze8
TbilisiStateUniversity,Tbilisi,Georgia
C. Autermann,S. Beranek, L. Feld, A. Heister, M.K. Kiesel, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, A. Ostapchuk, M. Preuten, F. Raupach, S. Schael, C. Schomakers,J.F. Schulte,J. Schulz, T. Verlage,H. Weber, V. Zhukov15
RWTHAachenUniversity,I.PhysikalischesInstitut,Aachen,Germany
A. Albert, M. Brodski,E. Dietz-Laursonn, D. Duchardt, M. Endres,M. Erdmann, S. Erdweg, T. Esch, R. Fischer,A. Güth, M. Hamer,T. Hebbeker, C. Heidemann, K. Hoepfner,S. Knutzen, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer,P. Millet, S. Mukherjee,M. Olschewski, K. Padeken, T. Pook,M. Radziej, H. Reithler, M. Rieger, F. Scheuch,L. Sonnenschein, D. Teyssier,S. Thüer
V. Cherepanov, G. Flügge, W. Haj Ahmad, F. Hoehle, B. Kargoll, T. Kress, A. Künsken,J. Lingemann, T. Müller,A. Nehrkorn, A. Nowack,I.M. Nugent,C. Pistone, O. Pooth,A. Stahl17
RWTHAachenUniversity,III.PhysikalischesInstitutB,Aachen,Germany
M. Aldaya Martin,C. Asawatangtrakuldee, K. Beernaert, O. Behnke,U. Behrens, A.A. Bin Anuar, K. Borras18,A. Campbell, P. Connor, C. Contreras-Campana, F. Costanza, C. Diez Pardos,G. Dolinska, G. Eckerlin, D. Eckstein, T. Eichhorn, E. Eren, E. Gallo19,J. Garay Garcia, A. Geiser, A. Gizhko,
J.M. Grados Luyando, P. Gunnellini, A. Harb, J. Hauk, M. Hempel20,H. Jung, A. Kalogeropoulos, O. Karacheban20,M. Kasemann, J. Keaveney, C. Kleinwort,I. Korol, D. Krücker,W. Lange, A. Lelek,
J. Leonard, K. Lipka,A. Lobanov, W. Lohmann20,R. Mankel, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann, A.B. Meyer, G. Mittag, J. Mnich, A. Mussgiller, E. Ntomari,D. Pitzl, R. Placakyte, A. Raspereza,B. Roland, M.Ö. Sahin,P. Saxena, T. Schoerner-Sadenius,C. Seitz, S. Spannagel, N. Stefaniuk, G.P. Van Onsem,R. Walsh, C. Wissing
DeutschesElektronen-Synchrotron,Hamburg,Germany
V. Blobel, M. Centis Vignali, A.R. Draeger,T. Dreyer, E. Garutti, D. Gonzalez, J. Haller, M. Hoffmann, A. Junkes, R. Klanner, R. Kogler,N. Kovalchuk, T. Lapsien, T. Lenz, I. Marchesini,D. Marconi, M. Meyer, M. Niedziela, D. Nowatschin, F. Pantaleo17,T. Peiffer, A. Perieanu, J. Poehlsen, C. Sander,C. Scharf, P. Schleper, A. Schmidt, S. Schumann,J. Schwandt, H. Stadie,G. Steinbrück, F.M. Stober,M. Stöver, H. Tholen, D. Troendle,E. Usai, L. Vanelderen, A. Vanhoefer, B. Vormwald
UniversityofHamburg,Hamburg,Germany
C. Barth,C. Baus, J. Berger,E. Butz, T. Chwalek, F. Colombo, W. De Boer, A. Dierlamm,S. Fink, R. Friese, M. Giffels,A. Gilbert, P. Goldenzweig,D. Haitz, F. Hartmann17,S.M. Heindl, U. Husemann,I. Katkov15, P. Lobelle Pardo, B. Maier, H. Mildner, M.U. Mozer, Th. Müller, M. Plagge, G. Quast, K. Rabbertz, S. Röcker, F. Roscher,M. Schröder, I. Shvetsov,G. Sieber, H.J. Simonis, R. Ulrich, J. Wagner-Kuhr, S. Wayand,M. Weber, T. Weiler, S. Williamson, C. Wöhrmann, R. Wolf
InstitutfürExperimentelleKernphysik,Karlsruhe,Germany
G. Anagnostou, G. Daskalakis,T. Geralis,V.A. Giakoumopoulou, A. Kyriakis, D. Loukas, I. Topsis-Giotis
InstituteofNuclearandParticlePhysics(INPP),NCSRDemokritos,AghiaParaskevi,Greece
S. Kesisoglou, A. Panagiotou, N. Saoulidou, E. Tziaferi
NationalandKapodistrianUniversityofAthens,Athens,Greece
I. Evangelou, G. Flouris,C. Foudas, P. Kokkas, N. Loukas, N. Manthos, I. Papadopoulos,E. Paradas
UniversityofIoánnina,Ioánnina,Greece
N. Filipovic
MTA-ELTELendületCMSParticleandNuclearPhysicsGroup,EötvösLorándUniversity,Budapest,Hungary
G. Bencze,C. Hajdu, P. Hidas, D. Horvath21, F. Sikler,V. Veszpremi, G. Vesztergombi22,A.J. Zsigmond
WignerResearchCentreforPhysics,Budapest,Hungary
N. Beni, S. Czellar, J. Karancsi23,A. Makovec, J. Molnar,Z. Szillasi
InstituteofNuclearResearchATOMKI,Debrecen,Hungary
M. Bartók22,P. Raics, Z.L. Trocsanyi, B. Ujvari
InstituteofPhysics,UniversityofDebrecen,Hungary
S. Bahinipati, S. Choudhury24,P. Mal, K. Mandal, A. Nayak25, D.K. Sahoo,N. Sahoo, S.K. Swain
S. Bansal,S.B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, R. Chawla, U. Bhawandeep, A.K. Kalsi,A. Kaur, M. Kaur, R. Kumar, P. Kumari,A. Mehta, M. Mittal, J.B. Singh, G. Walia
PanjabUniversity,Chandigarh,India
Ashok Kumar,A. Bhardwaj, B.C. Choudhary, R.B. Garg,S. Keshri, S. Malhotra,M. Naimuddin, N. Nishu, K. Ranjan,R. Sharma, V. Sharma
UniversityofDelhi,Delhi,India
R. Bhattacharya,S. Bhattacharya, K. Chatterjee, S. Dey,S. Dutt, S. Dutta, S. Ghosh, N. Majumdar, A. Modak, K. Mondal,S. Mukhopadhyay, S. Nandan,A. Purohit, A. Roy, D. Roy, S. Roy Chowdhury, S. Sarkar,M. Sharan, S. Thakur
SahaInstituteofNuclearPhysics,Kolkata,India
P.K. Behera
IndianInstituteofTechnologyMadras,Madras,India
R. Chudasama,D. Dutta, V. Jha, V. Kumar, A.K. Mohanty17, P.K. Netrakanti,L.M. Pant, P. Shukla,A. Topkar
BhabhaAtomicResearchCentre,Mumbai,India
T. Aziz,S. Dugad, G. Kole, B. Mahakud, S. Mitra, G.B. Mohanty, B. Parida,N. Sur, B. Sutar
TataInstituteofFundamentalResearch-A,Mumbai,India
S. Banerjee, S. Bhowmik26,R.K. Dewanjee, S. Ganguly,M. Guchait, Sa. Jain, S. Kumar, M. Maity26, G. Majumder,K. Mazumdar, T. Sarkar26, N. Wickramage27
TataInstituteofFundamentalResearch-B,Mumbai,India
S. Chauhan,S. Dube, V. Hegde, A. Kapoor, K. Kothekar, A. Rane, S. Sharma
IndianInstituteofScienceEducationandResearch(IISER),Pune,India
H. Behnamian,S. Chenarani28, E. Eskandari Tadavani,S.M. Etesami28,A. Fahim29,M. Khakzad, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi,M. Naseri, S. Paktinat Mehdiabadi30, F. Rezaei Hosseinabadi, B. Safarzadeh31, M. Zeinali
InstituteforResearchinFundamentalSciences(IPM),Tehran,Iran
M. Felcini,M. Grunewald
UniversityCollegeDublin,Dublin,Ireland
M. Abbresciaa,b, C. Calabriaa,b, C. Caputoa,b, A. Colaleoa,D. Creanzaa,c, L. Cristellaa,b,N. De Filippisa,c, M. De Palmaa,b, L. Fiorea, G. Iasellia,c, G. Maggia,c, M. Maggia,G. Minielloa,b,S. Mya,b,S. Nuzzoa,b, A. Pompilia,b, G. Pugliesea,c,R. Radognaa,b,A. Ranieria, G. Selvaggia,b, L. Silvestrisa,17,R. Vendittia,b, P. Verwilligena
aINFNSezionediBari,Bari,Italy bUniversitàdiBari,Bari,Italy cPolitecnicodiBari,Bari,Italy
G. Abbiendia,C. Battilana, D. Bonacorsia,b, S. Braibant-Giacomellia,b,L. Brigliadoria,b,R. Campaninia,b, P. Capiluppia,b,A. Castroa,b,F.R. Cavalloa, S.S. Chhibraa,b, G. Codispotia,b, M. Cuffiania,b,
G.M. Dallavallea,F. Fabbria,A. Fanfania,b,D. Fasanellaa,b, P. Giacomellia, C. Grandia, L. Guiduccia,b, S. Marcellinia, G. Masettia,A. Montanaria,F.L. Navarriaa,b,A. Perrottaa,A.M. Rossia,b,T. Rovellia,b, G.P. Sirolia,b,N. Tosia,b,17
aINFNSezionediBologna,Bologna,Italy bUniversitàdiBologna,Bologna,Italy
S. Albergoa,b,M. Chiorbolia,b,S. Costaa,b,A. Di Mattiaa,F. Giordanoa,b,R. Potenzaa,b,A. Tricomia,b, C. Tuvea,b
aINFNSezionediCatania,Catania,Italy bUniversitàdiCatania,Catania,Italy
G. Barbaglia, V. Ciullia,b,C. Civininia, R. D’Alessandroa,b,E. Focardia,b,V. Goria,b, P. Lenzia,b, M. Meschinia, S. Paolettia,G. Sguazzonia,L. Viliania,b,17
aINFNSezionediFirenze,Firenze,Italy bUniversitàdiFirenze,Firenze,Italy
L. Benussi, S. Bianco, F. Fabbri,D. Piccolo, F. Primavera17
INFNLaboratoriNazionalidiFrascati,Frascati,Italy
V. Calvellia,b, F. Ferroa, M. Lo Veterea,b, M.R. Mongea,b,E. Robuttia,S. Tosia,b aINFNSezionediGenova,Genova,Italy
bUniversitàdiGenova,Genova,Italy
L. Brianza17,M.E. Dinardoa,b,S. Fiorendia,b,S. Gennaia, A. Ghezzia,b, P. Govonia,b, M. Malberti,
S. Malvezzia, R.A. Manzonia,b,17, B. Marzocchia,b,D. Menascea,L. Moronia,M. Paganonia,b,D. Pedrinia, S. Pigazzini,S. Ragazzia,b,T. Tabarelli de Fatisa,b
aINFNSezionediMilano-Bicocca,Milano,Italy bUniversitàdiMilano-Bicocca,Milano,Italy
S. Buontempoa, N. Cavalloa,c, G. De Nardo, S. Di Guidaa,d,17, M. Espositoa,b, F. Fabozzia,c, A.O.M. Iorioa,b, G. Lanzaa,L. Listaa, S. Meolaa,d,17,P. Paoluccia,17, C. Sciaccaa,b, F. Thyssen aINFNSezionediNapoli,Napoli,Italy
bUniversitàdiNapoli‘FedericoII’,Napoli,Italy cUniversitàdellaBasilicata,Potenza,Italy dUniversitàG.Marconi,Roma,Italy
P. Azzia,17, N. Bacchettaa, L. Benatoa,b,D. Biselloa,b, A. Bolettia,b,R. Carlina,b,
A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveiraa,b, P. Checchiaa,M. Dall’Ossoa,b,P. De Castro Manzanoa,T. Dorigoa, U. Dossellia,F. Gasparinia,b,U. Gasparinia,b,A. Gozzelinoa,S. Lacapraraa, M. Margonia,b,
A.T. Meneguzzoa,b,J. Pazzinia,b,17, N. Pozzobona,b,P. Ronchesea,b, F. Simonettoa,b,E. Torassaa, M. Zanetti,P. Zottoa,b,A. Zucchettaa,b,G. Zumerlea,b
aINFNSezionediPadova,Padova,Italy bUniversitàdiPadova,Padova,Italy cUniversitàdiTrento,Trento,Italy
A. Braghieria,A. Magnania,b, P. Montagnaa,b,S.P. Rattia,b, V. Rea, C. Riccardia,b,P. Salvinia,I. Vaia,b, P. Vituloa,b
aINFNSezionediPavia,Pavia,Italy bUniversitàdiPavia,Pavia,Italy
L. Alunni Solestizia,b,G.M. Bileia, D. Ciangottinia,b,L. Fanòa,b, P. Laricciaa,b,R. Leonardia,b, G. Mantovania,b,M. Menichellia, A. Sahaa, A. Santocchiaa,b
aINFNSezionediPerugia,Perugia,Italy bUniversitàdiPerugia,Perugia,Italy
K. Androsova,32,P. Azzurria,17, G. Bagliesia, J. Bernardinia, T. Boccalia, R. Castaldia,M.A. Cioccia,32, R. Dell’Orsoa,S. Donatoa,c,G. Fedi, A. Giassia, M.T. Grippoa,32, F. Ligabuea,c,T. Lomtadzea,L. Martinia,b, A. Messineoa,b, F. Pallaa,A. Rizzia,b, A. Savoy-Navarroa,33,P. Spagnoloa,R. Tenchinia,G. Tonellia,b,
A. Venturia, P.G. Verdinia aINFNSezionediPisa,Pisa,Italy
bUniversitàdiPisa,Pisa,Italy
L. Baronea,b, F. Cavallaria,M. Cipriania,b, G. D’imperioa,b,17,D. Del Rea,b,17,M. Diemoza, S. Gellia,b, E. Longoa,b, F. Margarolia,b, P. Meridiania,G. Organtinia,b, R. Paramattia,F. Preiatoa,b, S. Rahatloua,b, C. Rovellia,F. Santanastasioa,b
aINFNSezionediRoma,Roma,Italy bUniversitàdiRoma,Roma,Italy
N. Amapanea,b,R. Arcidiaconoa,c,17,S. Argiroa,b,M. Arneodoa,c,N. Bartosika,R. Bellana,b, C. Biinoa, N. Cartigliaa,M. Costaa,b, R. Covarellia,b,A. Deganoa,b,N. Demariaa, L. Fincoa,b, B. Kiania,b,
C. Mariottia, S. Masellia,G. Mazzaa,E. Migliorea,b, V. Monacoa,b, E. Monteila,b, M.M. Obertinoa,b, L. Pachera,b, N. Pastronea,M. Pelliccionia,G.L. Pinna Angionia,b, F. Raveraa,b,A. Romeroa,b, F. Rotondoa, M. Ruspaa,c,R. Sacchia,b,V. Solaa, A. Solanoa,b, A. Staianoa, P. Traczyka,b
aINFNSezionediTorino,Torino,Italy bUniversitàdiTorino,Torino,Italy
cUniversitàdelPiemonteOrientale,Novara,Italy
S. Belfortea,M. Casarsaa, F. Cossuttia,G. Della Riccaa,b, C. La Licataa,b, A. Schizzia,b, A. Zanettia aINFNSezionediTrieste,Trieste,Italy
bUniversitàdiTrieste,Trieste,Italy
D.H. Kim,G.N. Kim, M.S. Kim, S. Lee, S.W. Lee, Y.D. Oh,S. Sekmen, D.C. Son,Y.C. Yang
KyungpookNationalUniversity,Daegu,RepublicofKorea
A. Lee
ChonbukNationalUniversity,Jeonju,RepublicofKorea
H. Kim
ChonnamNationalUniversity,InstituteforUniverseandElementaryParticles,Kwangju,RepublicofKorea
J.A. Brochero Cifuentes,T.J. Kim
HanyangUniversity,Seoul,RepublicofKorea
S. Cho,S. Choi, Y. Go, D. Gyun,S. Ha,B. Hong, Y. Jo,Y. Kim, B. Lee, K. Lee,K.S. Lee, S. Lee, J. Lim, S.K. Park,Y. Roh
KoreaUniversity,Seoul,RepublicofKorea
J. Almond,J. Kim, H. Lee,S.B. Oh, B.C. Radburn-Smith, S.h. Seo, U.K. Yang,H.D. Yoo, G.B. Yu
SeoulNationalUniversity,Seoul,RepublicofKorea
M. Choi,H. Kim, J.H. Kim, J.S.H. Lee, I.C. Park, G. Ryu, M.S. Ryu
UniversityofSeoul,Seoul,RepublicofKorea
Y. Choi,J. Goh, C. Hwang, J. Lee,I. Yu
SungkyunkwanUniversity,Suwon,RepublicofKorea
V. Dudenas, A. Juodagalvis,J. Vaitkus
VilniusUniversity,Vilnius,Lithuania
I. Ahmed,Z.A. Ibrahim, J.R. Komaragiri, M.A.B. Md Ali34,F. Mohamad Idris35,W.A.T. Wan Abdullah, M.N. Yusli,Z. Zolkapli
H. Castilla-Valdez, E. De La Cruz-Burelo,I. Heredia-De La Cruz36,A. Hernandez-Almada, R. Lopez-Fernandez, R. Magaña Villalba, J. Mejia Guisao,A. Sanchez-Hernandez
CentrodeInvestigacionydeEstudiosAvanzadosdelIPN,MexicoCity,Mexico
S. Carrillo Moreno, C. Oropeza Barrera, F. Vazquez Valencia
UniversidadIberoamericana,MexicoCity,Mexico
S. Carpinteyro, I. Pedraza, H.A. Salazar Ibarguen, C. Uribe Estrada
BenemeritaUniversidadAutonomadePuebla,Puebla,Mexico
A. Morelos Pineda
UniversidadAutónomadeSanLuisPotosí,SanLuisPotosí,Mexico
D. Krofcheck
UniversityofAuckland,Auckland,NewZealand
P.H. Butler
UniversityofCanterbury,Christchurch,NewZealand
A. Ahmad, M. Ahmad, Q. Hassan,H.R. Hoorani, W.A. Khan, A. Saddique,M.A. Shah, M. Shoaib, M. Waqas
NationalCentreforPhysics,Quaid-I-AzamUniversity,Islamabad,Pakistan
H. Bialkowska, M. Bluj,B. Boimska, T. Frueboes,M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybinska, M. Szleper,P. Zalewski
NationalCentreforNuclearResearch,Swierk,Poland
K. Bunkowski,A. Byszuk37, K. Doroba,A. Kalinowski, M. Konecki,J. Krolikowski, M. Misiura, M. Olszewski, M. Walczak
InstituteofExperimentalPhysics,FacultyofPhysics,UniversityofWarsaw,Warsaw,Poland
P. Bargassa,C. Beirão Da Cruz E Silva, A. Di Francesco, P. Faccioli, P.G. Ferreira Parracho,M. Gallinaro, J. Hollar, N. Leonardo,L. Lloret Iglesias, M.V. Nemallapudi, J. Rodrigues Antunes, J. Seixas,O. Toldaiev, D. Vadruccio,J. Varela, P. Vischia
LaboratóriodeInstrumentaçãoeFísicaExperimentaldePartículas,Lisboa,Portugal
I. Belotelov,P. Bunin, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, V. Karjavin, G. Kozlov, A. Lanev,A. Malakhov,
V. Matveev38,39, P. Moisenz, V. Palichik,V. Perelygin, M. Savina, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha,N. Skatchkov, V. Smirnov, N. Voytishin, A. Zarubin
JointInstituteforNuclearResearch,Dubna,Russia
L. Chtchipounov,V. Golovtsov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kim40, E. Kuznetsova41,V. Murzin, V. Oreshkin, V. Sulimov, A. Vorobyev
PetersburgNuclearPhysicsInstitute,Gatchina(St.Petersburg),Russia
Yu. Andreev,A. Dermenev, S. Gninenko, N. Golubev, A. Karneyeu,M. Kirsanov, N. Krasnikov, A. Pashenkov,D. Tlisov, A. Toropin
InstituteforNuclearResearch,Moscow,Russia
V. Epshteyn, V. Gavrilov, N. Lychkovskaya,V. Popov, I. Pozdnyakov, G. Safronov, A. Spiridonov,M. Toms, E. Vlasov, A. Zhokin
A. Bylinkin39
MoscowInstituteofPhysicsandTechnology,Moscow,Russia
R. Chistov42, M. Danilov42,V. Rusinov
NationalResearchNuclearUniversity, ‘MoscowEngineeringPhysicsInstitute’(MEPhI),Moscow,Russia
V. Andreev,M. Azarkin39,I. Dremin39, M. Kirakosyan, A. Leonidov39,S.V. Rusakov, A. Terkulov
P.N.LebedevPhysicalInstitute,Moscow,Russia
A. Baskakov,A. Belyaev, E. Boos,V. Bunichev, M. Dubinin43, L. Dudko, V. Klyukhin, O. Kodolova, I. Lokhtin,I. Miagkov, S. Obraztsov,M. Perfilov, S. Petrushanko,V. Savrin, A. Snigirev
SkobeltsynInstituteofNuclearPhysics,LomonosovMoscowStateUniversity,Moscow,Russia
V. Blinov44, Y. Skovpen44
NovosibirskStateUniversity(NSU),Novosibirsk,Russia
I. Azhgirey,I. Bayshev,S. Bitioukov, D. Elumakhov, V. Kachanov, A. Kalinin, D. Konstantinov, V. Krychkine, V. Petrov, R. Ryutin, A. Sobol,S. Troshin, N. Tyurin,A. Uzunian, A. Volkov
StateResearchCenterofRussianFederation,InstituteforHighEnergyPhysics,Protvino,Russia
P. Adzic45,P. Cirkovic, D. Devetak,M. Dordevic, J. Milosevic,V. Rekovic
UniversityofBelgrade,FacultyofPhysicsandVincaInstituteofNuclearSciences,Belgrade,Serbia
J. Alcaraz Maestre,M. Barrio Luna, E. Calvo,M. Cerrada,M. Chamizo Llatas, N. Colino, B. De La Cruz, A. Delgado Peris,A. Escalante Del Valle, C. Fernandez Bedoya,J.P. Fernández Ramos, J. Flix, M.C. Fouz, P. Garcia-Abia,O. Gonzalez Lopez, S. Goy Lopez, J.M. Hernandez, M.I. Josa,E. Navarro De Martino, A. Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo,J. Puerta Pelayo, A. Quintario Olmeda,I. Redondo, L. Romero,M.S. Soares
CentrodeInvestigacionesEnergéticasMedioambientalesyTecnológicas(CIEMAT),Madrid,Spain
J.F. de Trocóniz,M. Missiroli, D. Moran
UniversidadAutónomadeMadrid,Madrid,Spain
J. Cuevas,J. Fernandez Menendez, I. Gonzalez Caballero, J.R. González Fernández,E. Palencia Cortezon, S. Sanchez Cruz,I. Suárez Andrés, J.M. Vizan Garcia
UniversidaddeOviedo,Oviedo,Spain
I.J. Cabrillo, A. Calderon, J.R. Castiñeiras De Saa, E. Curras, M. Fernandez,J. Garcia-Ferrero,G. Gomez, A. Lopez Virto,J. Marco, C. Martinez Rivero,F. Matorras, J. Piedra Gomez, T. Rodrigo, A. Ruiz-Jimeno, L. Scodellaro,N. Trevisani, I. Vila, R. Vilar Cortabitarte
InstitutodeFísicadeCantabria(IFCA),CSIC-UniversidaddeCantabria,Santander,Spain
D. Abbaneo, E. Auffray, G. Auzinger, M. Bachtis,P. Baillon, A.H. Ball, D. Barney, P. Bloch,A. Bocci, A. Bonato,C. Botta, T. Camporesi, R. Castello, M. Cepeda, G. Cerminara, M. D’Alfonso, D. d’Enterria, A. Dabrowski,V. Daponte, A. David, M. De Gruttola, A. De Roeck, E. Di Marco46, M. Dobson, B. Dorney, T. du Pree,D. Duggan, M. Dünser,N. Dupont, A. Elliott-Peisert,S. Fartoukh, G. Franzoni, J. Fulcher, W. Funk, D. Gigi,K. Gill, M. Girone, F. Glege, D. Gulhan, S. Gundacker, M. Guthoff,J. Hammer, P. Harris, J. Hegeman,V. Innocente, P. Janot, J. Kieseler, H. Kirschenmann,V. Knünz, A. Kornmayer17,
M.J. Kortelainen, K. Kousouris,M. Krammer1,C. Lange, P. Lecoq, C. Lourenço,M.T. Lucchini,L. Malgeri, M. Mannelli,A. Martelli, F. Meijers, J.A. Merlin, S. Mersi,E. Meschi, F. Moortgat, S. Morovic, M. Mulders, H. Neugebauer,S. Orfanelli, L. Orsini,L. Pape, E. Perez, M. Peruzzi,A. Petrilli, G. Petrucciani,A. Pfeiffer, M. Pierini,A. Racz,T. Reis, G. Rolandi47,M. Rovere, M. Ruan,H. Sakulin, J.B. Sauvan, C. Schäfer,
C. Schwick,M. Seidel, A. Sharma,P. Silva, P. Sphicas48, J. Steggemann,M. Stoye, Y. Takahashi, M. Tosi, D. Treille, A. Triossi,A. Tsirou, V. Veckalns49,G.I. Veres22,N. Wardle,H.K. Wöhri, A. Zagozdzinska37, W.D. Zeuner
CERN,EuropeanOrganizationforNuclearResearch,Geneva,Switzerland
W. Bertl,K. Deiters, W. Erdmann, R. Horisberger, Q. Ingram, H.C. Kaestli, D. Kotlinski,U. Langenegger, T. Rohe
PaulScherrerInstitut,Villigen,Switzerland
F. Bachmair, L. Bäni, L. Bianchini, B. Casal, G. Dissertori, M. Dittmar, M. Donegà, C. Grab, C. Heidegger, D. Hits, J. Hoss,G. Kasieczka, P. Lecomte†, W. Lustermann,B. Mangano, M. Marionneau,
P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol, M. Masciovecchio, M.T. Meinhard,D. Meister,F. Micheli, P. Musella, F. Nessi-Tedaldi, F. Pandolfi, J. Pata, F. Pauss,G. Perrin, L. Perrozzi,M. Quittnat, M. Rossini, M. Schönenberger, A. Starodumov50,V.R. Tavolaro,K. Theofilatos, R. Wallny
InstituteforParticlePhysics,ETHZurich,Zurich,Switzerland
T.K. Aarrestad, C. Amsler51, L. Caminada,M.F. Canelli, A. De Cosa, C. Galloni,A. Hinzmann, T. Hreus, B. Kilminster, J. Ngadiuba,D. Pinna,G. Rauco, P. Robmann, D. Salerno, Y. Yang
UniversitätZürich,Zurich,Switzerland
V. Candelise,T.H. Doan, Sh. Jain,R. Khurana, M. Konyushikhin, C.M. Kuo, W. Lin, Y.J. Lu,A. Pozdnyakov, S.S. Yu
NationalCentralUniversity,Chung-Li,Taiwan
Arun Kumar, P. Chang, Y.H. Chang,Y.W. Chang, Y. Chao, K.F. Chen, P.H. Chen, C. Dietz,F. Fiori, W.-S. Hou, Y. Hsiung, Y.F. Liu,R.-S. Lu, M. Miñano Moya, E. Paganis, A. Psallidas,J.f. Tsai, Y.M. Tzeng
NationalTaiwanUniversity(NTU),Taipei,Taiwan
B. Asavapibhop, G. Singh, N. Srimanobhas,N. Suwonjandee
ChulalongkornUniversity,FacultyofScience,DepartmentofPhysics,Bangkok,Thailand
A. Adiguzel, S. Cerci52,S. Damarseckin, Z.S. Demiroglu, C. Dozen,I. Dumanoglu, S. Girgis, G. Gokbulut, Y. Guler, I. Hos,E.E. Kangal53,O. Kara, A. Kayis Topaksu, U. Kiminsu,M. Oglakci, G. Onengut54,
K. Ozdemir55, D. Sunar Cerci52, H. Topakli56,S. Turkcapar, I.S. Zorbakir,C. Zorbilmez
CukurovaUniversity, PhysicsDepartment,ScienceandArtFaculty,Turkey
B. Bilin, S. Bilmis, B. Isildak57, G. Karapinar58, M. Yalvac, M. Zeyrek
MiddleEastTechnicalUniversity,PhysicsDepartment,Ankara,Turkey
E. Gülmez,M. Kaya59,O. Kaya60, E.A. Yetkin61, T. Yetkin62
BogaziciUniversity,Istanbul,Turkey
A. Cakir,K. Cankocak, S. Sen63
IstanbulTechnicalUniversity,Istanbul,Turkey
B. Grynyov
InstituteforScintillationMaterialsofNationalAcademyofScienceofUkraine,Kharkov,Ukraine
L. Levchuk,P. Sorokin
R. Aggleton,F. Ball, L. Beck, J.J. Brooke, D. Burns,E. Clement, D. Cussans, H. Flacher,J. Goldstein, M. Grimes, G.P. Heath, H.F. Heath,J. Jacob, L. Kreczko, C. Lucas, D.M. Newbold64, S. Paramesvaran, A. Poll, T. Sakuma,S. Seif El Nasr-storey, D. Smith,V.J. Smith
UniversityofBristol,Bristol,UnitedKingdom
K.W. Bell,A. Belyaev65,C. Brew, R.M. Brown, L. Calligaris,D. Cieri, D.J.A. Cockerill, J.A. Coughlan,
K. Harder,S. Harper, E. Olaiya, D. Petyt, C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Thea,I.R. Tomalin, T. Williams
RutherfordAppletonLaboratory,Didcot,UnitedKingdom
M. Baber,R. Bainbridge, O. Buchmuller, A. Bundock,D. Burton, S. Casasso,M. Citron, D. Colling, L. Corpe, P. Dauncey,G. Davies, A. De Wit, M. Della Negra, R. Di Maria, P. Dunne, A. Elwood, D. Futyan,Y. Haddad, G. Hall,G. Iles, T. James, R. Lane, C. Laner, R. Lucas64,L. Lyons, A.-M. Magnan,S. Malik, L. Mastrolorenzo, J. Nash, A. Nikitenko50,J. Pela, B. Penning, M. Pesaresi, D.M. Raymond, A. Richards,A. Rose,C. Seez, S. Summers,A. Tapper, K. Uchida, M. Vazquez Acosta66, T. Virdee17, J. Wright,S.C. Zenz
ImperialCollege,London,UnitedKingdom
J.E. Cole, P.R. Hobson,A. Khan, P. Kyberd,D. Leslie, I.D. Reid, P. Symonds, L. Teodorescu, M. Turner
BrunelUniversity,Uxbridge,UnitedKingdom
A. Borzou,K. Call,J. Dittmann, K. Hatakeyama, H. Liu, N. Pastika
BaylorUniversity,Waco,USA
O. Charaf,S.I. Cooper, C. Henderson, P. Rumerio,C. West
TheUniversityofAlabama,Tuscaloosa,USA
D. Arcaro, A. Avetisyan, T. Bose,D. Gastler, D. Rankin, C. Richardson,J. Rohlf, L. Sulak,D. Zou
BostonUniversity,Boston,USA
G. Benelli, E. Berry,D. Cutts, A. Garabedian,J. Hakala, U. Heintz, J.M. Hogan,O. Jesus, E. Laird, G. Landsberg, Z. Mao,M. Narain, S. Piperov,S. Sagir, E. Spencer, R. Syarif
BrownUniversity,Providence,USA
R. Breedon,G. Breto, D. Burns,M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, S. Chauhan, M. Chertok, J. Conway, R. Conway, P.T. Cox, R. Erbacher,C. Flores, G. Funk, M. Gardner,W. Ko, R. Lander, C. Mclean,
M. Mulhearn,D. Pellett,J. Pilot, S. Shalhout,J. Smith, M. Squires,D. Stolp, M. Tripathi, S. Wilbur, R. Yohay
UniversityofCalifornia,Davis,Davis,USA
R. Cousins,P. Everaerts, A. Florent, J. Hauser,M. Ignatenko, D. Saltzberg, E. Takasugi,V. Valuev, M. Weber
UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,USA
K. Burt,R. Clare, J. Ellison, J.W. Gary, S.M.A. Ghiasi Shirazi,G. Hanson,J. Heilman, P. Jandir, E. Kennedy, F. Lacroix,O.R. Long, M. Olmedo Negrete, M.I. Paneva, A. Shrinivas,W. Si, H. Wei,S. Wimpenny,
B.R. Yates
UniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,Riverside,USA
J.G. Branson, G.B. Cerati,S. Cittolin, M. Derdzinski, R. Gerosa, A. Holzner, D. Klein, V. Krutelyov, J. Letts, D. Olivito,S. Padhi, M. Pieri, M. Sani, V. Sharma, M. Tadel,A. Vartak, S. Wasserbaech67, C. Welke, J. Wood, F. Würthwein,A. Yagil,G. Zevi Della Porta