INORGANIC COMPOSITION AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY AS NEW METHODS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF ANIMAL MEALS RESIDUED IN FEED

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INORGANIC COMPOSITION AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY AS NEW METHODS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF ANIMAL MEALS RESIDUED IN FEED.

A. Giacomino1_{, L.M. Mercurio}2_{, M. Malandrino}2_{, O. Abollino}2_{, L.}

Mandrile3_{, A.M. Rossi}3_{, D. Marchis}4_.

1_{Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino,}

Via Giuria 9, 10125 Torino

2_{Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino} 3_{Divisione di Termodinamica, Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica,}

Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino

4_{Istituto Zooprofilattico sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e della Valle}

d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino

Our study is aimed at evaluating the possibility of using inorganic composition and Raman spectroscopy as possible alternative methods of analysis for the individuation and characterization of Processed Animal Proteins (PAPs) in animal feeds.

The official analysis method approved by European Commission is based on optical microscopy [1], and on Real Time PCR. However, both methods presents some drawbacks, (e.g. high staff specialization) Particularly, microscopy does not permit the identification of specie of animal present in feed. PCR methods are specific and sensitive in nature, but they are not able to distinguish between allowed and not allowed ingredients (eg. Milk versus PAP). Many other techniques, as infrared microscopy, immunoassay methods, chromatographic and mass-spectrometry, were just evaluated as possible alternative methods. All these methods show advantage and limitations.[3]

Four types of pure PAPs, namely bovine, swine, poultry and fish-based PAPs, have been analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) and a FT-RAMAN spectrometer. All the procedure steps (samples pretreatment and analysis) and all the parameters and conditions were considered and optimized.

The application of multivariate chemometric techniques to the experimental results allowed us to determine the identification capability of the two techniques, to identify correlations among the variables and to reveal similarities and differences among the different species.

[1] European Official Gazette, N.51/2013, January 16th, 2013.

[2] A. Dalmasso, E. Fontanella, P. Piatti, T. Civera, S. Rosati, M.T. Bottero, Molecular and Cellular Probes 18 (2004) 81-87.

[3] G. Gizzi, C. von Holst, V. Baeten, G. Berben, L. van Raamsdonk, Journal of AOCD International 87 (2004) 1334-1341.