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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT i

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES vii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS x

Chapter 1 – INTRODUCTION 1

Chapter 2 – MOBILITY MODELS 5

2.1. Overview 5

2.2. Entity Mobility Models 6

2.2.1. Random Walk 6 2.2.2. Random Waypoint (RWP) 8 2.2.3. Random Direction 10 2.2.4. Smooth Random 10 2.2.5. Gaussian-Markov 10 2.2.6. Kinematics 12 2.2.7. City Section 12 2.2.8. Obstacle 14 2.2.9. 3-D Building 14

2.3. Group Mobility Models 16

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iv

2.3.2. Nomadic Community 18

2.3.3. Pursue 18

2.3.4. Reference Point Group (RPGM) 20

2.3.5. Contraction 20

2.3.6. Expansion 21

2.4. Scenarios 21

Chapter 3 – COMBINED MOBILITY MODEL 23

3.1. Overview 23 3.2. Original Model 24 3.3. Improvements 27 Chapter 4 - SIMULATION 33 4.1. Overview 33 4.2. Metrics 33 4.3. Simulation Environment 35 4.4. Results 40

4.4.1. Average Number of Link Changes 40 4.4.2. Average Link Duration 42 4.4.3. Average Node Degree 42 4.4.4. Average Relative Speed 45 4.4.5. Average Spatial Correlation 45

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v

4.4.6. Average Temporal Correlation 45 4.4.7. Temporal Relative Direction 45 4.4.8. Temporal Speed Ratio 46

Chapter 5 – ANALYTICAL DEMONSTRATION 52

5.1. Overview 52

5.2. Duration of a Step 52

5.2.1. Calculation of ER(d) 55

5.2.2. Calculation of EDV(d) 64

5.2.3. Final Results 68

Chapter 6 – CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK 70

6.1. Overview 70

6.2. Conclusions 71

6.3. Future Work 72

Appendix A – C++ SOURCE CODE 74

A.1. combined.cc 74

A.2. af_helper_mod.h 98

A.3. af_helper_mod.cc 99

A.4. setdest_cm_mod.h 108

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vi

A.5.1. Image File 111

A.5.2. Define File 111

A.5.3. Graph File 113

Appendix B – INTEGRALS SOLVING 115

B.1. Solving of 2sin 1 b a a x x x −  ∂    

∫

115 B.2. Solving of

∫

x2 x2− ∂a2 x 116 B.3. Solving of 2 2 2 1 2 sin x a x x x − − ∂

∫

117 REFERENCES 119

Riferimenti

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