Contents I
MEDICAL RADIOLOGY Diagnostic Imaging
Editors:
A. L. Baert, Leuven K. Sartor, Heidelberg
Contents III
Robert Hermans (Ed.)
Head and Neck Cancer Imaging
With Contributions by
C. Castaigne · J. A. Castelijns · V. F. H. Chong · E. E. Coche · F. De Keyzer · P. R. Delaere F. Dubrulle · T. Duprez · D. Farina · P. Flamen · R. L. M. Haas · R. Hermans · M. Keberle K. Muylle · S. Nuyts · F. A. Pameijer · S. Robinson · I. M. Schmalfuss · R. Souillard M. W. M. van den Brekel · V. Vandecaveye · V. Vander Poorten
Foreword by
A. L. Baert
With 353 Figures in 665 Separate Illustrations, 52 in Color and 30 Tables
123
IV Contents
Robert Hermans, MD, PhD Professor, Department of Radiology University Hospitals Leuven Herestraat 49
3000 Leuven Belgium
Medical Radiology · Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology
Series Editors: A. L. Baert · L. W. Brady · H.-P. Heilmann · M. Molls · K. Sartor Continuation of Handbuch der medizinischen Radiologie
Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology
Library of Congress Control Number: 2005930273
ISBN 3-540-22027-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 978-3-540-22027-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
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Contents V
To my wife, Isabelle
And our children,
Simon, Lies, Thomas and Tim
Bob Hermans
Contents VII
Progress in the management of cancer in the head and neck region depends to a great extent on the results from surgery or radiotherapy or a combination of both techniques.
The successful outcome of these treatment modalities, however, will be largely determined by the precise choice of indications and judicious selection of the patients to be treated based on the nature of the lesion, its local extension and the stage of the tumor.
The role of the radiologist is of primordial importance in this respect. Indeed, mature, sophisticated imaging techniques such as multidetector CT, MRI and PET-CT are now available allowing exquisite morphological display of the extent of the disease in the head and neck region. The radiologist will thus be able to fully assume her/his role as a key member of the multidisciplinary team responsible for the global treatment strategy and the management of the patient with head and neck cancer.
This volume offers a comprehensive, detailed, up-to-date review of our current knowl- edge in the fi eld. The eminently readable text is complemented by numerous and superb illustrations.
The editor, R. Hermans, of the radiological department at Leuven University, is a very well known and internationally recognized expert in head and neck radiology who has published widely, especially in the fi eld of head and neck oncology. The authors of the indi- vidual chapters were invited to contribute because of their outstanding personal experi- ence in a specifi c anatomic area and their major contributions to the radiological literature on the topic.
I would like to thank the editor and the authors and to congratulate them most sincerely for their superb efforts which have resulted in this excellent volume.
This book will be of great interest not only for general and specialized neuro- or head and neck radiologists but also for oncologists and ENT surgeons. I am confi dent that it will meet the same success with the readers as the previous volumes published in this series.
Leuven Albert L. Baert
Foreword
Contents IX
Preface
“To teach is to learn twice”
Joseph Joubert (French philosopher, 1754-1824)
The head and neck is a region of considerable anatomical and functional complexity, making the accurate staging of a head and neck neoplasm a challenging task. The clinician often detects pathology, but may not appreciate, based on the physical examination, the entire submucosal tumor extension, nor the possible regional and distant disease spread.
The introduction of CT and MRI has revolutionized head and neck radiology. Current radiological modalities provide a reliable visualization of the head and neck structures to an unprecedented level of detail. If carefully performed and interpreted, modern radiologi- cal techniques allow a comprehensive evaluation of the extent of pathological processes.
The technological evolution has made the radiologist an important member of the mul- tidisciplinary team managing head and neck cancer patients. Recent and ongoing research is enforcing the impact of imaging in oncologic patient care. These new developments are not only focusing on technical advances, such as PET-CT or diffusion-weighted MRI. The added value of existing imaging techniques in treatment choice and in monitoring tumor response to treatment is now also scientifi cally established.
This purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art head and neck cancer imaging. Several distinguished head and neck radiologists have contrib- uted to this book, allowing full coverage of advanced imaging in the head and neck cancer patient.
Clinical-diagnostic techniques, as well as therapeutic strategies, have also seen signifi - cant changes over the past years; in this regard I would like to thank my fellow clinicians from Leuven who contributed to this book. Care has been taken to explain the role of imag- ing within these developments.
The ultimate goal of all medical intervention is to provide our patients with the best possible care for their health problems. Hopefully, this book contributes to achieving this purpose.
Leuven Robert Hermans
Contents XI
1 Introduction: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Pathology, and Natural History of Head and Neck Neoplasms
Vincent Vander Poorten . . . 1 2 Clinical and Endoscopic Examination of the Head and Neck
Pierre Delaere . . . 17 3 Imaging Techniques
Robert Hermans, Frederik De Keyzer, and Vincent Vandecaveye. . . 31 4 Laryngeal Neoplasms
Robert Hermans. . . 43 5 Neoplasms of the Hypopharynx and Proximal Esophagus
Ilona M. Schmalfuss . . . 81 6 Neoplasms of the Oral Cavity
Marc Keberle . . . . 103 7 Neoplasms of the Oropharynx
Robert Hermans. . . . 129 8 Neoplasms of the Nasopharynx
Vincent F. H. Chong. . . . 143 9 Parapharyngeal Space Neoplasms
Robert Hermans and Davide Farina . . . . 163 10 Masticator Space Neoplasms
Thierry P. Duprez and Emmanuel E. Coche. . . . 177 11 Neoplasms of the Sinonasal Cavities
Robert Hermans. . . . 191 12 Parotid Gland and Other Salivary Gland Tumors
Frédérique Dubrulle and Raphaëlle Souillard . . . . 219 13 Malignant Lesions of the Central and Posterior Skull Base
Ilona M. Schmalfuss . . . . 243
Contents
XII Contents
14 Thyroid and Parathyroid Neoplasms
Soraya Robinson. . . . 271 15 Neck Nodal Disease
Jonas A. Castelijns and M.W.M. van den Brekel. . . . 293 16 Neck Lymphoma
Frank A. Pameijer and Rick L. M. Haas . . . 311 17 Positron Emission Tomography in Head and Neck Cancer
Cathérine Castaigne, Kristoff Muylle, and Patrick Flamen. . . . 329 18 Use of Imaging Data in Radiotherapy Planning of Head and Neck Cancer:
Improved Tumour Characterization, Delineation and Treatment Verifi cation
Sandra Nuyts . . . . 345 Subject Index. . . . 361
List of Contributors . . . . 365
