Table of contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Abstract...6
2. Literature review...7
2.1 Introduction and aim of the study...7
2.2 Louping ill...12 2.2.1 Aetiology...12 2.2.2 Host range...13 2.2.3 Geographic distribution...13 2.2.4 Clinical signs...14 2.2.5 Transmission...15
2.2.6 Vectors and reservoirs...17
2.2.7 Diagnosis...19 2.2.8 Tissue tropism...20 2.2.9 Pathogenesis...21 2.2.10 Neuropathology...21 2.3 Borna...24 2.3.1 Aetiology...24 2.3.2 Host range...24 2.3.3 Geographic distribution...25 2.3.4 Clinical signs...27 2.3.5 Transmission...29
2.3.6 Vectors and reservoirs...29
2.3.7 Diagnosis...30
2.3.8 Tissue tropism...32
Table of contents
2.3.10 Neuropathology...35 2.4 Maedi Visna...38 2.4.1 Aetiology...38 2.4.2 Host range...40 2.4.3 Geographic distribution...40 2.4.4 Clinical signs...41 2.4.5 Transmission...442.4.6 Vectors and reservoirs...46
2.4.7 Diagnosis...46
2.4.8 Tissue tropism...47
2.4.9 Pathogenesis...48
2.4.10 Neuropathology...50
3. Materials and methods...54
3.1 Animals studied...54
3.1.1 Louping ill...54
3.1.2 Borna...55
3.1.3 Maedi Visna...55
3.2 Tissue sampling and processing...56
3.3 Louping ill classification...59
3.3.1 Classification Criterion...62
3.3.2 Other features...65
3.3.3 Classification criterion in the cerebellum...69
3.3.4 Other features in the cerebellum...72
4. Results...74
4.1 Louping ill...74
4.1.1 Lesion grades...74
