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C   yrs   B.P.)   can   be   considered  representative of the events of average intensity of the last epoch (4.8­3.8 ka). 

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ABSTRACT

 

The Campi Flegrei caldera is a nested structure originated by two major collapses associated with  the Campanian Ignimbrite (39 ka) and Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (15 ka) eruptions. In the last 5 ka  only the vents of Averno1 and 2, and Monte Nuovo eruptions were located in the western sector of  the caldera, at the intersection between NE­SW e NW­SE fault systems. On the base of recent  studies, such sector represents one of the areas with the greatest probabilities to open future  eruptive   vents.   As   a   result,   the   eruption   of   Averno2   (3700  

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C   yrs   B.P.)   can   be   considered  representative of the events of average intensity of the last epoch (4.8­3.8 ka). 

This eruption has been characterized by an initial phase of sustained convective column (Member  A), a transitional phase (Member B) and a final phase that has generated pyroclastic density  currents (Member C). 

In this work the dynamics of the Averno2 eruption have been studied through an interdisciplinary  approach, including a stratigraphic classification, the laboratory analysis of eruptive products and  physical modelling.

The two stratigraphical sections analyzed are representative of the two principal phases of the  eruption examinated (AVR2_A and AVR2_C). The results of the analysis obtained in the laboratoy  have been inserted as input data in the numerical models.

The eruptive dynamics of the MemberA have been studied using a one­dimensional, homogeneous  and steady­state model, to analyze the effect of the variation of the eruptive parameters and the  possible transition from a convective column to a collapse. The effect of external water on the  plume dynamics has been also quantified. Afterwards, 2D and 3D simulations have been executed  through a  multiphase  and  transient  model  (PDAC  ­ Pyroclastic  Dispersal  Analysis Code),  to  consider   the   effects  of  the   grain   size  distributions  on  the   plume   dynamics  and   to  study  the  atmospheric dispersal of the pyroclasts during the first phase of the eruption.

The Member C is characterized by surge sequences with subordinate fallout beds. In order to  describe this alternation, different eruptive regimes have been hypothesized, such as the unsteady  feeding to the vent or a 'vulcanian type' dynamics, related to the impulsive emptying of the  volcanic conduit.

The results of the 2D simulations explain the transition from the convective phase to the collapse 

of the column, with the generation of pyroclastic density currents, showing that the eruptive 

sequence displayed on the deposits can be explained in the framework of magmatic eruptions, 

without directly edvocate the effect of external water on the explosion mechanism.

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