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Fros et al., 2015. Usutu virus transmission by Culex pipiens

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Supplemental Material

Supplemental Figure S1. WNV and USUV are not targeted by the piRNA pathway.

Ping-pong amplification of vpiRNA causes a specific sequence signature [33, 36, 37].

Specifically, vpiRNAs derived from the opposite strands tend to show a 10-nt overlap.

Furthermore, the antisense vpiRNAs usually start with uridine, whereas vpiRNAs from the sense strand have a bias for adenine at position 10. (A) Neither WNV (orange line) nor USUV (blue line) derived 25-30 nt small RNAs show an enrichment for 10 nt overlap. The overlap probability has been determined as specified [29, 43]. (B) Nucleotide biases for 25-30 nts viral small RNAs from the positive strand (upper panels) and negative strands (lower panels) for the indicated virus. Neither WNV (left panels) or USUV (right panels) have a strong nucleotide bias that would be indicative for Ping-pong amplification. n is the number of reads used to create the sequence logo.

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