Part 2 Country profiles
European judicial systems CEPEJ Evaluation Report
2020 Evaluation cycle
(2018 data)
European judicial systems CEPEJ Evaluation Report
2020 Evaluation cycle (2018 data)
Part 2 Country profiles
Council of Europe
Rapport d’évaluation de la CEPEJ Cycle d’évaluation 2020
Fiches pays (Partie 2) ISBN 978-92-871-8708-6 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated, reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic (CD-Rom, internet, etc.) or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the Directorate of Communication (F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex or publishing@coe.int).
All other correspondence concerning this document should be addressed to:
cepej@coe.int Cover and layout:
Documents and publications production Department (SPDP), Council of Europe Photos: Council of Europe, ©shutterstock
The CEPEJ Report on the evaluation of judicial systems is composed of three parts :
fTables, graphs and analyses (Part 1) fCountry Profile (Part 2)
fThe CEPEJ-STAT dynamic database (https://www.coe.int/en/web/
ALBANIA 8 ANDORRA 10 ARMENIA 12 AUSTRIA 14 AZERBAIJAN 16 BELGIUM 18 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 20 BULGARIA 22 CROATIA 24 CYPRUS 26
CZECH REPUBLIC 28
DENMARK 30 ESTONIA 32 FINLAND 34 FRANCE 36 GEORGIA 38 GERMANY 40 GREECE 42 HUNGARY 44 ICELAND 46 IRELAND 48 ITALY 50 LATVIA 52 LITHUANIA 54 LUXEMBOURG 56
MALTA 58 REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA 60 MONACO 62 MONTENEGRO 64 NETHERLANDS 66
NORTH MACEDONIA 68
NORWAY 70 POLAND 72 PORTUGAL 74 ROMANIA 76 RUSSIAN FEDERATION 78 SERBIA 80
SLOVAK REPUBLIC 82
SLOVENIA 84 SPAIN 86 SWEDEN 88 SWITZERLAND 90 TURKEY 92 UKRAINE 94 UK - ENGLAND AND WALES 96 UK - NORTHERN IRELAND 98
UK - SCOTLAND 100
ISRAEL 102
KAZAKHSTAN 104
MOROCCO 106
Page 7
Most of the graphs in these country profiles present numerical indicators that read as follows:
f the value of the country is presented by the blue dot f the European median is presented by the yellow line
f the European minimum and maximum range (without the extreme values) is presented by the light blue bar
HOW TO READ THE GRAPHS FOR QUALITATIVE DATA?
The graphs below provide information on the country’s answer in relation to the trend in Europe.
For example, in the graph below, the country is in line with the general trend (43 participating states replied in the same way) pointing out that the authority responsible for recruitment is a mixed authority.
Member State/Entity Profile : Belgium
Exchange rate NAP Avg gross annual salary 43 497 €
GDP per capita 39 500 € Population 11 431 406
Professional judges 13.3
Non-judge staff 43.5
Prosecutors 7.7
Non-prosecutor staff 22.0
Lawyers 163.2
17,7
60,9
11,2
14,9
123,0
Human Resources
(per 100 000 inhabitants)
Judicial System 83.7 €
61,30 €
Financial Resources
In Euros, per inhabitant
↳ Courts NA €
↳ Legal Aid 9.0 € ↳ Prosecution Services NA €
40,79 €
2,67 €
11,78 €
Court Taxes 2.7 €
7,67 €
Judges
Prosecutors
3,0 1,6
3,0 1,6
Salaries of judges and prosecutors
Ratio with average annual salary at the begining and the end of carreer
Recruitment and promotion of judges Recruitment and promotion of prosecutors ICT in judiciary
(index from 0 to 10) Recruitment
authority By an authority made up of judges only
By an authority made up of non-judges only
By an authority made up of judges and non-judges
Promotion authority Same authority as for recruitment of judges
Promotion criteria Criteria for promotion: Years of experience
Criteria for promotion: Professional skills
Criteria for promotion:
Performance
Criteria for promotion: Assessment results
Criteria for promotion: Subjective criteria
Other criteria for promotion
No criteria for promotion
44 6
45 5
43 7
18 32
11 39
11 39
20 30
18 32
20 30
36 14
46 4
Recruitment
authority By an authority made up of prosecutors only
By an authority made up of non-prosecutors only By an authority made up of prosecutors and non-prosecutors Promotion authority Same authority as for recruitment of
prosecutors
Promotion criteria Criteria for promotion: Years of experience
Criteria for promotion: Professional skills
Criteria for promotion: Performance
Criteria for promotion: Assessment results
Criteria for promotion: Subjective criteria
Other criteria for promotion
No criteria for promotion
34 16
46 4
17 33
15 35
46 4
46 4
21 29
12 38
16 34
31 19
49
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deployment rate CIVIL 3,9
CRIMINAL 4,0
ADMIN 5,6
Communication
with courts CIVIL 1,3
CRIMINAL 1,3
ADMIN 5,4
Courts and case
management CIVIL 5,9
CRIMINAL 5,9
ADMIN 5,9
Decision support CIVIL 7,0
CRIMINAL 7,5
ADMIN 5,6
6,5 5,8
6,0 5,8 4,1
5,4
7,5 7,5 7,4 6,7
7,1 6,7 European Median
Selected country European Min
(excl Outliers)
European Max (excl Outliers)
ALBANIA M em be r S ta te /E nt ity P ro fil e : A lb an ia
CEPEJ(2020) 11 Country profile E Data updated on 24/08/2020 1216 Exchange rate 133.07Avg gross annual salary 4 717 €GDP per capita 4 460 €Population 2 870 324 12.1 30.9 NA NA 86.217,7 60,9 11,2 14,9 123,0
es nts) Judicial SystemNA €61,30 €
Financial Resources In Euros, per inhabitant
↳
Courts5.9 €↳
Legal AidNA €↳
Prosecution Services4.2 €40,79 € 2,67 € 11,78 € Court TaxesNA €
7,67 €
Judges Prosecutors
4,2 2,9 3,4 2,4
Salaries of judges and prosecutors Ratio with average annual salary at the begining and the end of carreer nd promotion of judgesRecruitment and promotion of prosecutorsICT in judiciary (index from 0 to 10) By an authority made up of judges only By an authority made up of non-judges only By an authority made up of judges and non-judges Same authority as for recruitment of judges Criteria for promotion: Years of experience Criteria for promotion: Professional skills Criteria for promotion: Performance Criteria for promotion: Assessment results Criteria for promotion: Subjective criteria Other criteria for promotion No criteria for promotion
446 455 437 1832 1139 1139 2030 1832 2030 3614 464
Recruitment authorityBy an authority made up of prosecutors only By an authority made up of non-prosecutors only By an authority made up of prosecutors and non-prosecutors Promotion authoritySame authority as for recruitment of prosecutors Promotion criteriaCriteria for promotion: Years of experience Criteria for promotion: Professional skills Criteria for promotion: Performance Criteria for promotion: Assessment results Criteria for promotion: Subjective criteria Other criteria for promotion No criteria for promotion
3416 464 1733 1535 464 464 2129 1238 1634 3119 49 02468
Deployment rateCIVIL4,1 CRIMINAL4,2 ADMIN4,1 Communication with courtsCIVIL0,3 CRIMINAL0,3 ADMIN0,3 Courts and case managementCIVIL7,7 CRIMINAL7,7 ADMIN7,7 Decision supportCIVIL5,6 CRIMINAL6,2 ADMIN5,6
6,5 5,8 6,0 5,8 4,1 5,4 7,5 7,5 7,4 6,7 7,1 6,7
Page 9
M em be r S ta te /E nt ity P ro fil e : A lb an ia
CEPEJ(2020) 11 Country Data updated on 24/08/202 CEPEJ efficiency Indicators Clearance Rate (CR) = (Resolved Cases / Incoming Cases) *100 | Disposition Time (DT) = (Pending Cases / Resolved Cases) *365 Incoming Cases = All new cases at that instance within the year | Resolved Cases = Cases finalised at that instance within the year | Pending Cases = Unresolved Cases on the 31st of December.. Clearance Rate Civil cases1st Instance97.6% 2nd InstanceNA Highest InstanceNA Criminal cases1st Instance97.6% 2nd Instance136.5% Highest InstanceNA Administrative cases1st Instance99.0% 2nd InstanceNA Highest InstanceNA100,7% 101,7% 98,8% 100,0% 98,6% 98,3% 99,7% 97,3% 97,7%
Disposition Time 171 days NA NA 80 days 280 days NA 89 days NA NA
201 141 207 122 104 114 241 209 228
Incoming Cases /100 inhabitants 0.623 NA NA 0.494 0.141 NA 0.596 NA NA
2,23 0,23 0,05 1,62 0,16 0,02 0,33 0,10 0,04
Resolved Cases /100 inhabitants 0.607 NA NA 0.482 0.193 NA 0.590 NA NA
2,14 0,24 0,05 1,58 0,15 0,02 0,35 0,11 0,03
Pending Cases /100 0.286 NA NA 0.106 0.148 NA 0.145 NA NA Prosecution cases per 100 inhabitantProsecution cases per prosecutorCourt related mediation Received1.63 Discontinued1.13 Concluded by a penaltyNAP Charged before the courts0.41
2,07 1,04 0,20 0,59
ReceivedNA DiscontinuedNA Concluded by a penaltyNAP Charged before the courtsNA
189,65 74,55 16,07 51,61 Note: There are different methodologies on calculating number of cases in prosecution statistics by event or by perpetrator. CEPEJ collects data per case (event) but some countries present it by perpetrator.
Does the judicial system provide for court-related mediation procedures?46 Mandatory mediation before going to court Mandatory mediation ordered by a judge
3614 2921 Alternative dispute resolutionArbitration Conciliation Mediation (other than judicial mediation) Other ADR
48 37 46 3119 Case-lawLegislationOther official websites www.qbz.gov.alwww.pyetshtetin.alwww.gjykataelarte.gov.al
Judiciary related websites
ANDORRA M em be r S ta te /E nt ity P ro fil e : A nd or ra
CEPEJ(2020) 11 Country profile E Data updated on 24/08/2020 1216 Exchange rate NAPAvg gross annual salary 25 524 €GDP per capita 35 995 €Population 77 543 33.5 136.7 7.7 9.0 257.917,7 60,9 11,2 14,9 123,0
es nts) Judicial SystemNA €61,30 €
Financial Resources In Euros, per inhabitant
↳
CourtsNA €↳
Legal Aid7.1 €↳
Prosecution ServicesNA €40,79 € 2,67 € 11,78 € Court TaxesNA €
7,67 €
Judges Prosecutors
3,5 2,3 3,5 2,3
Salaries of judges and prosecutors Ratio with average annual salary at the begining and the end of carreer nd promotion of judgesRecruitment and promotion of prosecutorsICT in judiciary (index from 0 to 10) By an authority made up of judges only By an authority made up of non-judges only By an authority made up of judges and non-judges Same authority as for recruitment of judges Criteria for promotion: Years of experience Criteria for promotion: Professional skills Criteria for promotion: Performance Criteria for promotion: Assessment results Criteria for promotion: Subjective criteria Other criteria for promotion No criteria for promotion
446 455 437 1832 1139 1139 2030 1832 2030 3614 464
Recruitment authorityBy an authority made up of prosecutors only By an authority made up of non-prosecutors only By an authority made up of prosecutors and non-prosecutors Promotion authoritySame authority as for recruitment of prosecutors Promotion criteriaCriteria for promotion: Years of experience Criteria for promotion: Professional skills Criteria for promotion: Performance Criteria for promotion: Assessment results Criteria for promotion: Subjective criteria Other criteria for promotion No criteria for promotion
3416 464 1733 1535 464 464 2129 1238 1634 3119 49 02468
Deployment rateCIVIL3,9 CRIMINAL4,3 ADMIN3,9 Communication with courtsCIVIL1,3 CRIMINAL1,9 ADMIN1,3 Courts and case managementCIVIL7,0 CRIMINAL7,0 ADMIN7,0 Decision supportCIVIL2,2 CRIMINAL3,3 ADMIN2,2
6,5 5,8 6,0 5,8 4,1 5,4 7,5 7,5 7,4 6,7 7,1 6,7
Page 11
M em be r S ta te /E nt ity P ro fil e : A nd or ra
CEPEJ(2020) 11 Country Data updated on 24/08/202 CEPEJ efficiency Indicators Clearance Rate (CR) = (Resolved Cases / Incoming Cases) *100 | Disposition Time (DT) = (Pending Cases / Resolved Cases) *365 Incoming Cases = All new cases at that instance within the year | Resolved Cases = Cases finalised at that instance within the year | Pending Cases = Unresolved Cases on the 31st of December.. Clearance Rate Civil cases1st InstanceNA 2nd InstanceNA Highest InstanceNAP Criminal cases1st InstanceNA 2nd Instance89.3% Highest InstanceNAP Administrative cases1st InstanceNA 2nd InstanceNA Highest InstanceNAP100,7% 101,7% 98,8% 100,0% 98,6% 98,3% 99,7% 97,3% 97,7%
Disposition Time NA NA NAP NA 180 days NAP NA NA NAP
201 141 207 122 104 114 241 209 228
Incoming Cases /100 inhabitants NA NA NAP NA 0.169 NAP NA NA NAP
2,23 0,23 0,05 1,62 0,16 0,02 0,33 0,10 0,04
Resolved Cases /100 inhabitants NA NA NAP NA 0.151 NAP NA NA NAP
2,14 0,24 0,05 1,58 0,15 0,02 0,35 0,11 0,03
Pending Cases /100 NA NA NAP NA 0.075 NAP NA NA NAP Prosecution cases per 100 inhabitantProsecution cases per prosecutorCourt related mediation ReceivedNA DiscontinuedNAP Concluded by a penaltyNAP Charged before the courtsNA
2,07 1,04 0,20 0,59
ReceivedNA DiscontinuedNAP Concluded by a penaltyNAP Charged before the courtsNA
189,65 74,55 16,07 51,61 Note: There are different methodologies on calculating number of cases in prosecution statistics by event or by perpetrator. CEPEJ collects data per case (event) but some countries present it by perpetrator.
Does the judicial system provide for court-related mediation procedures?46 Mandatory mediation before going to court Mandatory mediation ordered by a judge
3614 2921 Alternative dispute resolutionArbitration Conciliation Mediation (other than judicial mediation) Other ADR
48 37 46 3119 Case-lawLegislation www.justicia.adweb justicia.ad
Judiciary related websites
