Materiali e metod
4.2 Conclusioni e prospettive future
I risultati di questo lavoro di tesi, in particolare quelli relativi al maggior livello di altruismo dei volontari rispetto ai controlli, dimostrano che il campionamento dei soggetti è stato eseguito correttamente e che il gruppo dei volontari costituisce un campione valido per la successiva analisi genetica. Il progetto di ricerca, infatti, sarà volto a verificare l’ipotesi che alcune varianti genetiche, note in letteratura scientifica come fattori di rischio di comportamento violento e antisociale se in associazione con un ambiente di crescita particolarmente traumatico (Caspi et al, 2002; Iofrida et al, 2014; Cicchetti et al, 2012), siano in realtà degli alleli di plasticità cerebrale che predispongono al comportamento prosociale in presenza di un ambiente particolarmente positivo (Belsky et al, 2009; Simon et al, 2011).
I risultati sin qui ottenuti suggeriscono che l’aver subito traumi non rappresenta un fattore che di per sé predispone al volontariato, sebbene un trend è stato osservato tra
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numero di traumi subiti e altruismo nei prosociali e non nei controlli, la cui veridicità dovrà essere confermata studiando un numero maggiore di soggetti.
Il passo successivo sarà genotipizzare tutti i soggetti in relazione ad alcune varianti genetiche di rischio antisociale, allo scopo di verificare se esse siano in realtà degli alleli di plasticità, in grado di rendere i soggetti portatori più ricettivi agli eventi esterni, non solo negativi ma anche positivi.
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