Il campione di genitori coinvolto in questo studio non è numeroso e per questo non consente di ottenere dati con validità sufficiente per poter generalizzare i risultati alla popolazione. Inoltre, vi è uno sbilanciamento del campione in relazione al genere del genitore che ha compilato il questionario, con una netta maggioranza di mamme compilanti. Per questo motivo si ritengono necessarie ulteriori ricerche, con il coinvolgimento di un campione, anche clinico, significativamente più ampio e, successivamente, anche l’indagine dell’efficacia di un percorso di parent-training sullo stile genitoriale dichiarato e le impressioni dei genitori sul temperamento dei figli. Riteniamo, infine, che sarebbe interessante correlare le misure indirette raccolte dai genitori con misure dirette osservate sui figli.
Dalla ricerca emerge una correlazione significativa tra stile parentale ed età del figlio, in particolare per la dimensione di disciplina inconsistente e delle pratiche punitive; tale relazione positiva si osserva anche nella relazione tra l’età del bambino e le dimensioni di inibizione alla novità, di emozionalità positiva e negativa per il temperamento. Correlazioni negative, invece, sono state riscontrate per le altre dimensioni dei questionari. I risultati risentono della poca numerosità del campione, per questo è necessario approfondire maggiormente le dinamiche coinvolte nella costruzione di una relazione tra genitori e figli. Questa, infatti, è soggetta ad un elevato numero di fattori, che intervengono nella regolazione e nella definizione della stessa;
risulta quindi interessante la possibilità di investigare nuovi aspetti con ulteriori ricerche. Tra i risultati dello studio, le relazioni significative tra le dimensioni di parenting punitivo e di disciplina inconsistente con l’età del figlio potrebbero essere evidenze utili come supporto durante colloqui, per poter valutare e approfondire l’evoluzione delle interazioni tra genitore e figlio, nell’eventualità di un percorso terapeutico psicoeducativo.
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