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ISBN 978-88-907553-4-7 Title
Flowpath 2014, National Meeting on Hydrogeology Abstract Volume Editors Antonella Baiocchi Francesca Lotti Silvano Onofri Vincenzo Piscopo Technical editing Antonella Baiocchi Francesca Lotti
Simone Maria Piacentini
Printing
Leograph.it – Vetralla (VT) Via Cassia 201, Vetralla (VT) www.leograph.it
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Copyright
© Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche,
Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 2014
The Organizing Committee (IAH Italian Chapter)
Vincenzo Piscopo (Chair), Giovanni Barrocu, Daniela Ducci, Fulvio CelicoPaolo Cerutti, Antonio Dematteis, Paolo Fabbri, Maria Dolores Fidelibus, Alessandro Gargini, Francesco La Vigna, Marco Masetti, Marco Petitta, Maurizio Polemio, Viviana Re, Andrea Sottani.
The Scientifc Committee
Giovanni Pietro Beretta,Tullia Bonomi, Alfonso Corniello, Marina De Maio, Marco Doveri, Walter Dragoni, Mauro Giudici, Stefano Lo Russo, Francesca Lotti, Grazia Martelli, Micòl Mastrocicco, Torquato Nanni, Elisabetta Preziosi, Sergio Rusi, Giuseppe Sappa, Marco Tallini.
FOREWORD
FLOWPATH 2014, the National Meeting on Hydrogeology, Viterbo 2014, follows up on
previously organized and successful meeting FLOWPATH 2012 held in 2012 in Bologna.
According to the aim of the 1
stEdition, the conference will be an opportunity for Italian
hydrogeologists to exchange ideas and knowledge on diversified groundwater issues. The
IAH Chapter organized the 2
ndEdition to ensure the continuation of this stimulating debate
within the scientific and professional community, giving priority to proposals and ideas of
young hydrogeologists.
This Abstract Volume contains abstracts of technical oral and poster contribution accepted to
the FLOWPATH 2014, and of the invited keynotes presentations. The abstracts were
evaluated by the members of the Scientific and Organizing Committees. More than 80
abstracts have been submitted for oral or poster presentations, mainly but not only by Italian
hydrogeologists. Significant and interesting contributions were also received from many
counties such as Algeria, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Egypt, France, Germany, United
Kingdom, Guatemala, Portugal, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia, USA.
FLOWPATH 2014 focuses on four themes of great importance:
1. Contaminant Hydrogeology,
2. Groundwater Quality Protection,
3. Hydrogeology of Mineral and Thermal Waters,
4. Climate Change and Groundwater Sustainability.
The Table of Contents of the Abstract Volume is organized according to the four topics of the
conference. Within each topic, the abstract of the keynote lecture opens the Session and is
followed by the technical contributions in alphabetical order of the first Author’s name. In
order to facilitate the use of the volume, the Index of Authors is placed at the end of the
volume.
The printing of this volume was made possible thanks to the contribution of the Executive
Committee and of the Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Università degli
Studi della Tuscia.
Editors:
Antonella Baiocchi
Francesca Lotti
Silvano Onofri
Vincenzo Piscopo
ii Flowpath 2014 – National Meeting on Hydrogeology
_________________________________________________________________________________
ID Pag.
13
VALIDATION OF AN UNSTEADY SCHEMATIC MATHEMATICAL MODEL AT THE DAILY TIME SCALE FOR COMPARTMENTALISED AQUIFER SYSTEMS: A STUDY CASE IN SOUTHERN ITALY
Adolfo Mottola, Nicoletta Prosperini and Fulvio Celico
26
14
BORON RICH GROUNDWATER IN CENTRAL EASTERN ITALY: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO DEFINE THE SOURCES OF CONTAMINATION
William Palmucci and Sergio Rusi
28
15
INTEGRATED PLUME TREATMENT WITH PERSULFATE ISCO AND MICROBIALLY MEDIATED SULFATE REDUCTION (IBR): A FIELD EXPERIMENT
Mahsa Shayan, Neil R. Thomson, Massimo Marchesi, James F. Barker, Daniel Hunkeler, Ramon Aravena, Daniel Bouchard, Eugene Madsen and Tim Buscheck
30
ID Pag.
SESSION 2
Groundwater quality protection
3316
ENVIRONMENTAL TRACERS AS A TOOL IN GROUNDWATER VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
Przemysław Wachniew 34
17
PLANNING ACTIONS FOR CONTROLLING SALTWATER INTRUSION COUPLING SEAWAT AND GLOBAL INTERACTIVE RESPONSE SURFACE: THE NAURU ISLAND CASE STUDY
Luca Alberti, Andrea Castelletti, Gabriele Oberto and Francesca Pianosi
36
18
HYDROGEOLOGICAL AND HYDROCHEMICAL RESEARCHES IN THE UPPER VICENZA’S PLAIN: RESULTS ACQUIRED AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR GROUNDWATER PROTECTION
Lorenzo Altissimo, Silvia Bertoldo, Giulia Passadore, Elisa Stella, Roberto Pedron, Luca Rigatoand Andrea Sottani
38
19
THE ROLE OF PERCHED AQUIFERS AND DOME-IMPOUNDED GROUNDWATER IN DRINKING WATER SUPPLY IN THE CIMINO-VICO VOLCANOES (CENTRAL ITALY) Antonella Baiocchi, Maurizio Barbieri, Maria Battistel, Lavinia M.P. Delfanti, Francesca Lotti, Sergio Madonna, Vincenzo Piscopo
40
20
REVIEW ON AVAILABLE DATA ABOUT NATURAL BACKGROUND LEVELS OF DISSOLVED ELEMENTS IN THE GROUNDWATER OF ROME (ITALY)
Isidoro Bonfà, Francesco La Vigna and Simona Martelli
42
21
GROUNDWATER RESOURCES ASSESSMENT FOR A MONITORING NETWORK DESIGN IN THE UPPER BASIN OF SAMALÁ RIVER (SOUTHWESTERN GUATEMALA) Arianna Bucci, Elisa Franchino, Alessandra Bianco Prevot, Manuela Lasagna, Domenico Antonio De Luca, Humberto Osvaldo Hernández Sac, Israel Macarioand Edwin Sac Escobar
44
22
MINOR ELEMENTS HYDRO-GEOCHEMISTRY FOR CARBONATE AQUIFER CHARACTERIZATION (GRAN SASSO, CENTRAL ITALY)
Valentina Carucci, Marco Proposito, Mauro Manetta, Marco Tallini, Massimo Angelone, Maurizio De Cassan, Maria Rita Montereali and Elisa Nardi
46
23
MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION OF WATER RESOURCES: INTEGRATED MODELING AND APPLICATIONS TO DRINKING WATER CATCHMENTS AREAS Thibaut Constant, Abdejalil Lioeddine, Séverine Charrière and Yves Emsellem
Flowpath 2014 – National Meeting on Hydrogeology iii
ID Pag.
24 HYDROGEOLOGY AND GROUNDWATER RESOURCES OF MT. MASSICO (CAMPANIA)
Alfonso Corniello, Daniela Ducci and Marina Iorio 50
25
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE GROUNDWATER FLOW IN THE JONIAN COASTAL AREA OF THE GULF OF TARANTO (SOUTHERN ITALY)
Giovanna De Filippis, Mauro Giudici, Sergio Negri, Stefano Margiotta, Laura Cattaneo and Chiara Vassena
52
26
THE IMPORTANCE OF DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN ANTHROPOGENIC POLLUTION AND NATURAL ORIGIN IN GROUNDWATER OF HIGHLY DETERIORATED AREAS Daniela Ducci, Mariangela Sellerino, Elisabetta Preziosi, Daniele Parrone, Maria Teresa Condesso De Melo and Luis Ribeiro
54
27
REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF TDS AND HEAVY METALS IN GROUNDWATER AT DAMASCUS CITY AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, SYRIA
Mohamed El-Kashouty, Ahmed El-Kammar, Mohamed Mokhtar Yehia and Ghadir Miro
56
28
OBSERVATIONS AND ANALYSIS OF PERCHED GROUNDWATER CONDITIONS IN THE SOUTHERN BASIN OF MATESE MOUNTAINS (SOUTH ITALY)
Maria Ida Falconetti, Anna Ricciardi, Giovanni Forte, Pasquale Paduano and Silvia Fabbrocino
58
29
ALCOTRA – ALIRHYS PROJECT: CASE HISTORY OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY PROTECTION
Adriano Fiorucci, Maria Governa, Federico Marchionatti and Massimiliano Petricig
60
30
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF GROUNDWATER NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS IN PIEDMONT PLAIN AQUIFERS (NORTH – WESTERN ITALY)
Elisa Franchino, Manuela Lasagna, Arianna Bucci and Domenico Antonio De Luca
62
31
PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES FOR DEVELOPING THE GROUNDWATER MONITORING NETWORK OF ROME (ITALY)
Francesco La Vigna, Isidoro Bonfà, Simona Martelli, Marco Mazza, Fabio Francesconi, Romeo Bartoccini and Roberto Provantini
64
32
PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS FOR FLUID FLOW BEHAVIOUR IN THE SHERWOOD SANDSTONE AQUIFER (GREAT BRITAIN): INSIGHTS FROM FIELD WORK AND LABORATORY ANALYSES
Giacomo Medici, Noelle Odling, Jared West and Nigel Mountney
66
33
PROTECTION ZONES FOR DRINKING WATER: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH APPLIED TO SPRINGS AND WELLS LOCATED AT THE SW BORDER OF APUAN ALPS (TUSCANY-ITALY)
Matia Menichini, Simone Da Prato, Marco Doveri, Alessandro Ellero, Matteo Lelli,Giulio Masetti, Barbara Nisi and Brunella Raco
68
34
THE CURRENT STATE OF THE LOCAL GROUNDWATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS IN THE CITY OF BELGRADE, REHABILITATION AND PROSPECTS FOR UTILIZATION Dejan Nešković, Miroslav Krmpotić, Dejan Tadić and Vladimir Mitrović
70
35
APPLICATION OF A MULTI-COMPONENT METHOD FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF A SALTWATER UPRISING INTO AN ALLUVIAL CONTINENTAL AQUIFER (OLTREPO PAVESE PLAIN, ITALY)
Giorgio Pilla and Marica Bersan
iv Flowpath 2014 – National Meeting on Hydrogeology
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ID Pag.
36
A MULTI-ISOTOPIC APPROACH TO EVALUATE ORIGIN AND FATE OF NITRATE IN GROUNDWATER HOSTED IN A NVZ SARDINIAN AREA
Daniele Pittalis, Riccardo Biddau, Alberto Carletti, Clara Demurtas, Pierpaolo Roggero, Giorgio Ghiglieri and Rosa Cidu
74
37
HYDROGEOLOGICAL IMPACT OF FIRENZUOLA RAILWAY TUNNEL (ITALY):
INFERENCES FROM THE CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPE COMPOSITION OF SUPERFICIAL AND GROUND WATERS
Luca Ranfagni, Fabrizio Gherardi and Stefano Rossi
76
38
LARGE SCALE PHYTO-TREATMENT FOR ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION: THE SAN NICCOLÒ EXPERIMENT
Rudy Rossetto, Alessio Barbagli, Simona Bosco, Irene Carloni, Valentina Ciccolini, Vittoria Giannini, Elisa Pellegrino, Chiara Pistocchi, Tiziana Sabbatini, Nicola Silvestri, Alfonso Baiocchetti, Antonio Difonzo, Leonardo Giannecchini and Enrico Bonari
78
39
COMPONENT SEPARATION APPROACH TO ESTIMATE NATURAL BACKGROUND LEVELS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE LOWER PO PLAIN (NORTHERN ITALY) Marco Rotiroti, Biagio Di Mauro, Letizia Fumagalli and Tullia Bonomi
80
40
ASSESSMENT OF DRINKING WATER QUALITY AND HYDROGEOCHEMICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY NETWORKS IN VITERBO REGION, CENTRAL ITALY
Giuseppe Sappa, Sibel Erguland Flavia Ferranti
82
41 EFFECTS OF URBAN CHANGES ON GROUNDWATER VULNERABILITY
Stefania Stevenazzi, Marco Masetti, Son V. Nghiem and Alessandro Sorichetta 84
42
THE USE OF GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF PALEOWATERS CONTAMINATIONS WITHIN THE OLTREPÒ PAVESE PLAIN AQUIFER (NORTHERN ITALY)
Patrizio Torrese, Giorgio Pilla and Marica Bersan
86
43
THE PHREATIC AQUIFER OF THE ISONZO PLAIN (NE ITALY): HYDRODYNAMIC AND VULNERABILITY
Francesco Treu, Enrico Zavagno, Luca Zini, Sara Biolchi, Franco Cucchi,Giulia Zuecco, Tamara Ferjan and Sabrina Russo
88
44
COLLOIDS CONTAMINATION IN PERYTHIRRENIC VOLCANIC AQUIFERS (CENTRAL ITALY)
Stefano Viaroli, Emilio Cuoco, Roberto Mazza and Dario Tedesco
90
45
INTERACTION BETWEEN KARST AND POROUS AQUIFERS, THE CASE OF MT. MIA TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFER
Luca Zini, Francesco Treu, Enrico Zavagno, Walter Boschin, Chiara Calligaris and Franco Cucchi
92
ID Pag.
SESSION 3
Hydrogeology of mineral and thermal waters
9546
ORIGIN AND RECHARGE OF HUNGARIAN THERMAL WATERS BY CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPE DATA
István Fórizs, József Deák and Kornél Albert
Flowpath 2014 – National Meeting on Hydrogeology v
ID Pag.
47
BOREHOLE HEAT EXCHANGERS: HOW FLOW VELOCITY AND DISPERSION INFLUENCE HEAT TRANSFER
Luca Alberti, Ivana La Licata, Adriana Angelotti and Matteo Antelmi
98
48
SOURCES OF BIAS FOR HIGH RESOLUTION TEMPERATURE PROFILES IN A COASTAL AQUIFER
Nicolò Colombani, Micòl Mastrocicco, Beatrice Maria Sole Giambastiani and Mariachiara Caschetto
100
49
ONGOING ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES IN THE ACQUE ALBULE BASIN (CENTRAL ITALY): TOWARD AN EFFECTIVE TIME-DEPENDENT GROUNDWATER CONCEPTUAL MODEL
Andrea Del Bon, Torquato Nanni, Marco Petitta and Chiara Sbarbati
102
50
A PHYSICO-CHEMICAL MODEL AS A WAY OF RECONSTRUCTION OF DEEP SOURCE THERMAL WATERS
Elena Aleksandrovna Kuz'mina, Yurij Nikolaevich Didenkov and Svetlana Vadimovna Veshcheva
104
51
GROUNDWATER THERMAL-EFFECTIVE INJECTION SYSTEMS IN SHALLOW AQUIFERS
Stefano Lo Russo, Glenda Taddia and Abdin Elena Cerino
106
52 GROUNDWATER HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS: NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH
Stefano Lo Russo, Glenda Taddia and Vittorio Verda 108
53
SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER WITHDRAWALS IN THE GEOTHERMAL AREA OF VITERBO (CENTRAL ITALY)
Francesca Lotti, Antonella Baiocchi,Giuseppe Pagano and Vincenzo Piscopo
110
54
HYDROGEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT “FERRARELLE” NATURAL MINERAL WATER SYSTEM (PIANA DI RIARDO-CASERTA): AN EXAMPLE OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
Roberto Mazza, Andrea Pietrosante, Sara Taviani and Vittorio Paolucci
112
55
INFLUENCE OF WATER-ROCK INTERACTION AND OF UPRISING DEEP FLUIDS ON THE ARSENIC CONTENT IN THE GROUNDWATER OF VITERBO AREA
Maurizio Mazzuoli, Giovanna Armiento, Cinzia Crovato, Elisa Nardi and Marco Proposito
114
56
UPWELLING TIME OF THERMAL WATERS INFERRED USING RADIONUCLIDES: THE CASE STUDY OF THE EUGANEAN GEOTHERMAL FIELD (VENETO - NE ITALY) Marco Pola, Adriano Mayer, Paolo Fabbri, Leonardo Piccinini and Dario Zampieri
116
57
STUDY ON THEHYDROTHERMALSUIO-CASTELFORTE BASIN (LATINA, ITALY) Michele Saroli, Anna Casale, Michele Lancia, Gaspare Giovinco, Matteo Albano, Marco
Dell’Isola and Marco Petitta 118
ID Pag.
SESSION 4
Climate change and groundwater sustainability
12158
SOME CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT CLIMATIC CHANGE, HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE AND WATER RESOURCES
Walter Dragoni
vi Flowpath 2014 – National Meeting on Hydrogeology
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ID Pag.
59
THE EFFECTS OF AN INFILTRATION BASIN ON GROUNDWATER: QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS (RIVER ARNO - LONATE POZZOLO - VA)
Federico Bacci, Marco Masetti and Stefania Stevenazzi
124
60
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH ON HYDROGEOLOGY OF CARBONATE AQUIFERS OF CENTRAL APENNINES FOR EVALUATING OF THE INFLUENCE OF METEORIC RECHARGE
Francesca Banzato and Marco Petitta
126
61
THE SID&GRID MODELING ENVIRONMENT FOR SIMULATING GROUNDWATER FLOW: CASE STUDIES
Iacopo Borsi, Rudy Rossetto, Claudio Schifani, Alessandro Agnelli, Elena Baldini, Claudio Benucci, Nicola Cempini, Francesco Consumi, Dario Del Seppia, Andrea Di Grazia, Fabrizio Franceschini, Giorgio Mazzanti, Stefano Menichetti, Valentina Mennonna, Antonio Muti, Marco Sauro Nannucci, Calogero Ravenna and Michela Sodini
128
62
CHARACTERIZATION OF SUBSURFACE THROUGH JOINT HYDROGEOLOGICAL AND HYDROGEOPHYSICAL MODELS
Laura Cattaneo, Mauro Giudici, Roberto De Franco, Mauro Mele and Chiara Vassena
130
63
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL, RIVER HEAD AND PIEZOMETRIC LEVEL DATA OF CENTRAL-ADRIATIC ALLUVIAL AQUIFERS
Alessandro Chiaudani, Maurizio Polemio, William Palmucci and Sergio Rusi
132
64
THE WBT METHOD: WATER BALANCE APPROACH TO ESTIMATE LONG-TERM WATER INFLOW INTO TUNNELS
Antonio Dematteis, Andrea Uttini and Giovanni Ricci
134
65
DETAILED GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION TO DEFINE GROUDWATER FLOW IN GOLE DI POPOLI (CENTRAL EASTERN APENNINE)
Diego Di Curzio, William Palmucci and Sergio Rusi
136
66
WATER SUPPLY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN RIVER HEADWATERS: THE CASE OF THE SOURCE AREA OF THE TIBER RIVER (CENTRAL ITALY)
Lucio Di Matteo, Walter Dragoni and Davide Maccari
138
67
STEP DRAWDOWN TESTS AND SLUG TESTS: PERMEABILITY DISTRIBUTION IN AN AREA OF THE MIDDLE VENETIAN PLAIN (VENETO REGION, NORTHEAST ITALY) Paolo Fabbri, Alessia Rosignoli, Enrico Marcolongo, Leonardo Piccinini and Pietro Zangheri
140
68
RUNOFF VARIATION AS A CONSEQUENCE OF CLIMATE AND LAND-USE CHANGE IN THE PROVINCE OF PESARO-URBINO (MARCHE REGION, ITALY): IMPLICATIONS IN WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND RIVERS’ ECOSYSTEM PROTECTION Daniele Farina, Paolo Cavitolo and Francesco Veneri
142
69
DESIGN OF ARTIFICIAL AQUIFER RECHARGE SYSTEMS IN DRY REGIONS OF MAGHREB (NORTH AFRICA)
Giorgio Ghiglieri, Mohamedou Oulb Baba Sy, Houcine Yahyaou, Mohamed Ouessar, Arezki Ouldamara, Albert Soler i Gil, Claudio Arras, Manuela Barbieri, Oumelkheir Belkheiri, Mongi Ben Zaied, Cristina Buttau, Alberto Carletti, Stefania Da Pelo, Abdelkader Dodo, Antonio Funedda, Ileana Iocola, Elhadj Meftah, Fathia Mokh, Kamel Nagaz, Maria Teresa Melis, Daniele Pittalis, Mouski Said, Mongi Sghaier, Clara Torrentó, Salvatore Virdis, Abderezak Zahrouna and Giuseppe Enne
144
70
DETERMINING A SITE-SPECIFIC SUSTAINABLE YIELD THROUGH NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS
Francesca Lotti, Antonella Baiocchi, Umberto Tavilli and Fabio Romani
Flowpath 2014 – National Meeting on Hydrogeology vii
ID Pag.
71
HYDROSCRUTURAL REGIONAL SETTING OF THE DOLOMITIC GROUP “PALE DI SAN MARTINO”
Giorgia Lucianetti, Roberto Mazza and Lucia Mastrorillo
148
72 HYDROLOGIC RESPONSES TO SEISMIC EVENTS: TWO CASE STUDIES IN ITALY
Isadora Mariani, Francesco La Vigna, Massimo Mattei and Marco Tallini 150
73
VULNERABILITY OF GROUNDWATER IN FRACTURED AQUIFERS, UNDER CLIMATE AND LAND USE CHANGE IN NORTHERN APENNINES
Mircea-Mărgărit Nistor, Francesco Ronchetti, Alessandro Corsini, Federico Cervi, Lisa Borgatti, Demetrio Errigo and Marco Marcaccio
152
74
ESTIMATION OF GROUNDWATER VOLUMES IN THE ADDA-OGLIO AREA (NORTHERN ITALY) BY 3D RECONSTRUCTION OF HYDROGEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Rodolfo Perego, Tullia Bonomi, Letizia Fumagalli, Valeria Benastini, Fulvia Aghib, Marco Rotiroti and Angelo Cavallin
154
75
PUMPING AT CONSTANT HEAD, WHAT WE CAN INFER ABOUT THE SUSTAINABLE YIELD OF A WELL
Simone M. Piacentini, Antonella Baiocchi, Francesca Lotti, Vincenzo Piscopo
156
76
CLIMATE CHANGE AND MEDITERRANEAN COASTAL KARST AQUIFERS: THE CASE OF SALENTO (SOUTHERN ITALY)
Maurizio Polemio and Andrea Romanazzi
158
77
BOTTOM-UP INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IN RURAL AREAS
Viviana Re
160
78
THE MULINO DELLE VENE SPRING SYSTEM: HYDROGEOLOGICAL FEATURES AND GROUNWATER BALANCE
Francesco Ronchetti, Giulio Panini, Alberto Tazioli, Leonardo Vizzi and Federico Cervi
162
79
THE SERCHIO RIVER WELL FIELD TEST SITE (LUCCA, ITALY) WITHIN THE MARSOL FPVII PROJECT: MANAGEMENT OF INDUCED RIVERBANK FILTRATION (IRBF) Rudy Rossetto, Alberto Ansiati, Alessio Barbagli, Iacopo Borsi, Andrea De Guttry, Peter Dietrich, Marco Frey, Giorgio Mazzanti, Daniele Picciaia, Francesco Rizzi, Christoph Schueth, Thomas Vienken and Enrico Bonari
164
80
APPLICATION OF NUMERICAL MODELING FOR GROUNDWATER-LAKE INTERACTION ANALYSIS, BRACCIANO LAKE (CENTRAL ITALY)
Sara Taviani, Daniel Feinstein and Roberto Mazza
166
81
RELATIONS BETWEEN SNOWFALLS AND FLOODS OF SOME SPRINGS FED BY AQUIFER HOSTED IN CARBONATE ROCKS (SOUTHERN PIEDMONT - ITALY) Bartolomeo Vigna,Stefania Menegatti, Fabrizio Bianco and Cinzia Banzato
168
144 Flowpath 2014 – National Meeting on Hydrogeology
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[69] DESIGN OF ARTIFICIAL AQUIFER RECHARGE SYSTEMS IN DRY REGIONS OF
MAGHREB (NORTH AFRICA)
Giorgio Ghiglieri1,2, Mohamedou Oulb Baba Sy3, Houcine Yahyaou4, Mohamed Ouessar4, Arezki
Ouldamara5, Albert Soler i Gil6, Claudio Arras1,2, Manuela Barbieri6, Oumelkheir Belkheiri2, Mongi Ben Zaied4, Cristina Buttau1, Alberto Carletti2, Stefania Da Pelo1, Abdelkader Dodo3, Antonio Funedda1, Ileana Iocola2, Elhadj Meftah5, Fathia Mokh4, Kamel Nagaz4, Maria Teresa Melis1, Daniele Pittalis2, Mouski Said5, Mongi Sghaier4, Clara Torrentó6, Salvatore Virdis2, Abderezak Zahrouna5 and Giuseppe Enne2
1. Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Trentino 51 - 09127 Cagliari, Italy (ghiglieri@unica.it)
2. Desertification Research Center – NRD, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39 - 07100 Sassari, Italy (nrd@uniss.it)
3. Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel – OSS, Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat BP 31 Tunis Carthage 1080 Tunisie
4. Institutes des Région Arides - IRA , Route du Djorf km 22.5 Médenine, Tunisie (Ouessar.Mohamed@ira.rnrt.tn) (lamine.babasy@oss.org.tn)
4. 5 Agence Nationale des Ressources Hydrauliques–ANRH,40 Avenue Mohammedi, Rais – Alger , Algeria (anrh@anrh.dz )
5. 6 Departament de Cristallografia, Mineralogia i Dipòsits Minerals Facultat de Geologia, c/ Martí i Franquès s/n - 08028 Barcelona, Spain (albertsolergil@ub.edu)
Keywords: Artificial aquifer recharge, Water
Harvesting, Desertification, Maghreb Regions
Introduction
North Africa arid land of Maghreb suffers scarce water conditions. Erratic behaviour of rainfall events over brief intervals often produce short and intense floods events which converge into ephemeral wadi beds. Since often this intermittent surface water is not optimally managed, most part of it is lost, providing scarce benefits for households living in villages of such semi-desert areas.
The present research is developed in the frame of WADIS-MAR (www.wadismar.eu). This is one of the five Demonstration Projects implemented within the Regional Programme “Sustainable Water Integrated Management (SWIM)” (www.swim-sm.eu), funded by the European Commission and which aims to contribute to the effective implementation and extensive dissemination of sustainable water management policies and practices in the Southern Mediterranean Region. WADIS-MAR Project concerns the realization of an integrated water harvesting and artificial aquifer recharge techniques in two watersheds in Maghreb Region: Oued Biskra in Algeria and wadi Oum Zessar in Tunisia. These areas are characterized by water scarcity, increasing water demand, overexploitation of groundwater resources, and are highly exposed to climate change risk and desertification processes. The situation is quite critical since groundwater withdrawal is bigger than the rate of recharge, with consequent groundwater deterioration and/or an imbalance in the groundwater budget. Integrated (Sustainable) Water Resources Management (IWRM) promotes a coordinated development and management of water, land
and related resources in order to maximize economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of the environment. IWRM strategies are based on the four Dublin Principles presented at the World Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. In arid and semi-arid areas, the optimum course of action for sustainable water resources management is, in most case, a combination of surface and groundwater use, with a range of storage options. Water harvesting techniques might catch water during rainfall events in order to recharge an aquifer, thus impeding the quick runoff out of a catchment area. An alternative or supplementary activity to it is the artificial aquifer recharge, consisting in a process of induced groundwater replenishment (Murray and Harris 2010; De Vries and Simmers 2002). The successful operation of an artificial recharge (AR) facility depends largely on an effective management. Among several technical aspects, before developing an AR facility, the viability and feasibility of the project should be assessed to verify that: (i) artificially recharged water does not cause geochemical reactions to occur in the subsurface that adversely impact aquifer water quality; (ii) water quality analyses of the possible sources of water for AR and water currently present in the aquifer to be recharged must be obtained; (iii) adequate permeability, thickness, and lateral extent occur to achieve the desired performance standards for the AR facility.
Main results and discussion
A multidisciplinary research effort, including geological, hydrogeological, hydro-chemical, multi-isotopical, geophysical and hydrological investigations, was aimed at selecting suitable zones for the artificial aquifer recharge in both target areas. For each study area, a schematic
Flowpath 2014 – National Meeting on Hydrogeology 145
3D hydrogeological model was built based on previous maps (both geological and hydrogeological), subsurface data (well-logs), photo-interpretation and remote sensing.
Algeria: the study area is located in a flat region between the chains Saharan Atlas mountains and the Aures hills, it is crossed by the Oued Biskra according to a NS direction. The area is characterized by the superposition of several folding events occurred from Middle Eocene to Pleistocene that strongly influence the geometry of the main aquifers (Buttau et al. 2013; MdH 1980). The main hydrogeological complex are: "Nappe des sables" (deposits of Miocene and Quaternary); "Nappe de Tolga" (limestone, lower-middle Eocene); "Nappe du Maestrictien et du Campanien" (limestones); "Nappe du Turonien" (limestones); "Nappe du Continental Intercalaire" (sandstones and limestones, Albian- Barremian). The mean annual rainfall of the area as a whole is about 200 mm.
We decide to recharge the infero-flux aquifer hosted in the alluvial deposits of the Oued Biskra. The depth to the water table ranges from 20 to 30 m and the thickness of the saturated zone from 40 to over 75 m. Extraction for drinking and agriculture occurs at 15 boreholes, whose depths range from 35 to over 50 m. Total well yields average is 4.5 M m3/year. Groundwater flow originates dominantly from the NE and moves toward south. The average trasmissivity of this aquifer is 10-2 m2/s. Preliminary results from NO3 and SO4 isotopes
coupled to chemical data evidenced the existence of a source of contamination near the town of Biskra, probably related with wastewater or fertilizers, which needs to be better characterized previous to the definitive design of the recharge system. Based on the collected data, three types of AR methods i.e. recharge basins, vadose-zone wells, also called dry wells, and recharge tranches, are suggested to catch and infiltrate flash flood waters from the ephemeral streams. We estimate an average of 1.5 M m3/year.
Tunisia. The study site Oum Zessar belongs to the region of SE Tunisia (province of Médenine). It stretches from the mountains of Matmata (Béni Khédache) in the SW, crosses the Jeffara plain (via Koutine) and the saline depression (Sebkha) of Oum Zessar before ending in the Mediterranean (Gulf of Gabès). The study watershed receives between 150 and 240 mm of annual rainfall. The groundwater system of the region can be subdivided into shallow and deep aquifers, and two hydro-litho-stratigraphic provinces may be differentiated: a) the northern Jeffarah, limited to the south by the monoclinal of Djebel Tebaga de Medenine of Permian age. That province is characterized by a large coastal
aquifer made essentially of Senonian limestone and Mio-Pliocene sand; b) the southern Jeffarah with the occurrence of Triassic sandstone upstream of the Medenine fault, and with Lower Miocene sand downstream of the fault (Yahyaoui 2007). Increasing values of 15N and 18O from nitrate in some wells in the sourthern Jeffara, indicates that denitrification processes are occurring pointing out that natural attenuation decreases the nitrate pollution. We decided to concentrate our effort on the aquifer of the Triassic sandstone. The renewable resources are estimated to 150 L/s and the salinity varies between 1 g/L and 3 g/L. The analysis of δ34SSO4
and δ18
OSO4 indicates that the origin of this
salinity is natural, mainly related to the water-rock interaction with the triassic evaporites. The water from this aquifer is used mainly for drinking water and irrigation. In 2010, the rate of overuse reached 160%, which resulted in some tendency of piezometric level decline (Yahyaoui 2007). Based on the collected data and the hydogeological feasibility, dry wells with a recharge chambers are designed to catch and infiltrate flash flood waters from the ephemeral streams in 4 intervention sites. We estimate overall an average of 2.0 M m3/year. Artificial aquifer recharge is a long-term phenomenon; indeed, its effects in term of efficiency, have to be examined on a large time and spatial scale. This issue will be the topic for the continuation of the research.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank all the WadisMar Team and the EU thought the SWIM Program for financial support to conduct this study.
References
Buttau C, Funedda A, Carletti A,Virdis S, Ghiglieri G (2013), Studio geologico strutturale per indagini idrogeologiche dell'area compresa tra le regioni di Batna e Biskra (NE Algeria). Rend Online Soc Geol It, 29: 13-16.
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MdH - Ministere de l'Hydraulique Algerienne (1980), Notice explicative de la Carte Hydrogeologique de Biskra au 1/200.000, 49 pp.
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Yahyaoui H (2007), Nappes des Grés du Trias Sahel el Ababsa de Médenine, aspects hydrogéologiques et gestion rationnelle des ressources. Internal Report, CRDA Medenine, 27 pp.
