Subject Index

a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) 54 5 -aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide

ribonucleoside (AICAR) 95 Akt/PKB 96

alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 100 albumin 100 , 105

alcoholic liver disease (ALD) 44 AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)

94 , 95 anti-HBc 81 anti-HBs 81

anti-hyperlipidemic agents 23 antioxidant agents 21 apolipoprotein B 59

area under the curve (AUC) 110

BCAA/tyrosine ratio (BTR) 102 , 110 biopsy 6

body mass index (BMI) 65 , 74, 87, 109

branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) 100

Child-Pugh 105 , 111 clinical features 73

computed tomography (CT) 3 creatinine-height index (CHI) 112 cryptogenic cirrhosis 3 , 11 cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2E1 52

diet 19

eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) 92 , 94

exercise 19 – therapy 84

fat oxidation 110 ferritin 68 fibrogenesis 45 fibrosis 77 Fischer’s ratio 101

FK506 binding proteins (FKBPs) 92 4 E-BP1 94

4 -hydroxy-2¢-nonenal (HNE) 52 , 59 free fatty acids (FFAs) 85

G/G genotype 62 G/T polymorphism 60 GB virus (GBV) 64 , 70 genetic background 58

GTPase-activator (GAP) domain 96

hemoglobin A

74

hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) 46 , 51, 52 hepatitis C 6

hepatocellular cancer 13

hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) 74 , 90

hepatocytes 54 HFE 64

high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 4 histologic classification 7

Subject Index

115

116 Subject Index

histopathology 50

homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) 6

hyaluronic acid 75 , 80 hyperlipidemia 71

I kappa B kinase b (IKK b) 86 insulin receptor substance 1 (IRS-1)

84 , 85

insulin resistance (IR) 2 – HOMA– 64

insulin-sensitizing agents 22 iron deposition 51

Janus kinase (JAK)-STAT-3 45

Kupffer cells 47 , 51

laboratory findings 5 late evening snack (LES) 108 leptin 44 , 84

– receptor (Ob-R) 44 , 45 leucine 112

lipid peroxidation 56 lipodystrophy 5 liver acinus 52

liver transplantation 24

Mallory’s hyaline 51

mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) 92

– signaling pathway 93

manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) 58

microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) 58

mitochondria 15

mitogen activated protein (MAP) 48 mortality 9

nonprotein respiratory quotient (npRQ) 108

obesity 1 OGTT 108

pathogenesis 14 PDK1 94

peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor g (PPAR-g) 89 PI3K 96

platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 44

polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 58 prognosis 7

protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) 108

quality of life (QOL) 112

quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) tests 6

respiratory quotient (RQ) 108 restricted diet 84

ROC curves 68

SEN virus (SENV) DNA 64 SENV-D/-H 70

simple steatosis 67

single-nucleotide polymorphism 58 sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs)

47 steatosis 4

T/C polymorphism 61 T/T genotype 62

target of rapamycin (TOR) 94 therapy 18

thioacetamide (TAA) 45 thioredoxin (TRX) 64 , 68 TNF-a 86

total urine nitrogen (TUN) 109 transforming growth factor (TGF)-b

44

triglycerides 4

Subject Index 117

tuberous sclerosis (TSC 1 and TSC2) 92 – complex 96

type 2 diabetes 1, 5, 44 type IV collagen 75

ursodeoxy-cholic acid (UDCA) 100

very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) 59

vitamin A-storing cells 54 vitamin K absence-II 75

Weber-Christian disease 5 weight loss 19

zone-3 56

Zucker rats 46